GUIA ESTUDIO PRUEBA 1 [60 marks]

2 11 2
1.[Maximum mark: 6] Events A and B are such that P( A )= , P (B)= and P( A∨B)= .
5 20 11
(a) Find P( A ∩ B).
(b) Find P( A ∪ B).
(c) State with a reason whether or not events A and B are independent.[6]

2.[Maximum mark: 15] Adam travels to school by car (C ) or by bicycle ( B). On any particular day he is
equally likely to travel by car or by bicycle.
1
The probability of being late ( L) for school is if he travels by car.
6
1
The probability of being late for school is if he travels by bicycle.
3
This information is represented by the following tree diagram.

(a) Find the value of p.[2]

(b) Find the probability that Adam will travel by car and be late for school. [2]

(c) Find the probability that Adam will be late for school. [4]

(d) Given that Adam is late for school, find the probability that he travelled by car.
[3]

(e) Adam will go to school three times next week. Find the probability that Adam will be late exactly once.
[4]

3. [Maximum mark: 6] The following Venn diagram shows the events A and B, where
P( A )=0.4 , P( A ∪ B)=0.8 and P( A ∩ B)=0.1. The values p and q are probabilities.

(a) (i) Write down the value of q .

 (ii) Find the value of p. [3]

(b) Find P(B). [3]

4. [Maximum mark: 9] In a class of 21 students, 12 own a laptop, 10 own a tablet, and 3 own neither.
The following Venn diagram shows the events “own a laptop” and “own a tablet”.
The values p, q , r and s represent numbers of students.

A student is selected at random from the class.

(a) (i) Write down the value of p.
(ii) Find the value of q .
(iii) Write down the value of r and of s.[5]

(b) (i) Write down the probability that this student owns a laptop.
(ii) Find the probability that this student owns a laptop or a tablet but not both. [4]
5. [Maximum mark: 6] Events A and B are independent with P( A ∩ B)=0.2 and P( A ' ∩ B)=0.6 .
(a) Find P(B). [2]

(b) Find P( A ∪ B). [4]

6. [Maximum mark: 6] Consider the following sets:

The universal set U consists of all positive integers less than 15;
A is the set of all numbers which are multiples of 3;
B is the set of all even numbers.
(a) Write down the elements that belong to A ∩ B. [3]
(b) Write down the elements that belong to A ∩ B' . [2]

(c) Write down n ( A ∩ B' ). [1]

7. [Maximum mark: 6] In an international competition, participants can answer questions in only one of
the three following languages: Portuguese, Mandarin or Hindi. 80 participants took part in the
competition. The number of participants answering in Portuguese, Mandarin or Hindi is shown in the
table.

A boy is chosen at random.

(a) State the number of boys who answered questions in Portuguese. [1]

(b) Find the probability that the boy answered questions in Hindi. [2]
 (c) Two girls are selected at random. Calculate the probability that one girl answered questions in
Mandarin and the other answered questions in Hindi. [3]

8. [Maximum mark: 6] A factory makes metal bars. Their lengths are assumed to be normally distributed
with a mean of 180 cm and a standard deviation of 5 cm.
(a) On the following diagram, shade the region representing the probability that a metal bar, chosen at
random, will have a length less than 175 cm.

[2]
(b)A metal bar is chosen at random.
(i) The probability that the length of the metal bar is less than 175 cm is equal to the probability that
the length is greater than h cm. Write down the value of h .
(ii) Find the probability that the length of the metal bar is greater than one standard deviation above
the mean. [4]

© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2023