Inter Material Istyearem Mathsia 04 - 04 - Multiple - Products

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MULTIPLE PRODUCTS -2
EXERCISE - 4(c)
I. Very Short Answer Questions

1. Compute [i − j j − k k − i ]
1 −1 0

Sol: [i − j j − k k − i ] = 0 1 −1 = 1(1 − 0) + 1(0 − 1) + 0 = 0
−1 0 1

2. If a = i − 2 j − 3k , b = 2i + j − k , c = i + 3 j − 2k
1 −2 −3

Sol: a.(b × c) = [a b c] = 2 1 −1
1 3 −2
1 ( -2 + 3) +2( -4 +1) -3 (6-1)
1 – 6 – 15 = - 20

3. If a = (1, −1, −6) , b = (1, −3, 4) and c = (2, −5, 3) then compute the following

i) a.(b × c ) ii) a × (b × c ) iii) ( a × b) × c

Sol: a = i − j − 6k , b = i − 3 j + 4k and c = 2i − 5 j + 3k
1 −1 −6

i) a.(b × c) = [a b c] = 1 −3 4
2 −5 3
1 (-9 + 20) +1( 3 – 8) -6 (-5 + 6)
11 – 5 – 6 = 0

i j k

ii) b × c = 1 −3 4
2 −5 3

= i ( −90 + 20) − j (3 − 8) + k ( −5 + 6)

= 11i + 5 j + k
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i j k

a × (b × c) = 1 −1 −6
11 5 1

= i ( −1 + 30) − j (1 + 66) + k (5 + 11)

= 29i − 67 j + 16k

i kj

iii) a × b = 1 −1 −6
1 −3 4

= i ( −4 − 18) − j (4 + 6) + k ( −3 + 1)

= −22i − 10 j − 2k

i j k

(a × b) × c = −22 −10 −2 = i (−30 − 10) − j ( −66 + 4) + k (110 + 20)
2 −5 3

= −40i + 62 j + 130k
4. Simplify the following

i) (i − 2 j + 3k ) × (2i + j − k ).( j + k )

ii) (2i − 3 j + k ).(i − j + 2k ) × (2i + j + k )
1 −2 3

Sol: (i − 2 j + 3k ) × (2i + j − k ).( j + k ) = 2 1 −1
0 1 1
3
1 = 1(1 + 1) + 2(2 − 0) + 3(2 − 0)
1
= 12
2 −3 1

ii) (2i − 3 j + k ).(i − j + 2k ) × (2i + j + k ) = 1 −1 2
2 1 1
= 2 (-1 -2) +3 (1 – 4) + 1(1 + 2)
= - 6 – 9 + 3 = -12

5. Find the volume of parallelopiped having coterminus edges i + j + k , i − j , i + 2 j − k

Sol: Let a = i + j + k b=i− j c =i+2j−k
1 1 1

Volume of parallelopeped [a b c] = 1 −1 0
1 2 −1
= 1(1 – 0) – 1 (-1 – 0) +1(2 + 1)
=1+1+3=5

6. Find the for which the vectors 2i − 3 j + k , i + 2 j − 3k and j − tk are coplanar

Sol: Let a = 2i − 3 j + k , b = i + 2 j − 3k , c = j − tk be the vectors

Since a, b, c are coplanar then [ a b c ] = 0
2 −3 1
1 2 −3 = 0
0 1 −t
2 (-2t + 3) +3 (-t -0) +1( 1 – 0) = 0
-4t + 6 – 3t + 1 ⇒ 7t = 7 ⇒ t =1

7. For non-coplanar vector a, b and c determine p for which the vector a + b + c ,

a + pb + 2c and − a + b + c are coplanar

Sol: since a, b, c are non coplanar [a b c ] ≠ 0 the vectors a + b + c , a + pb + 2c , − a + b + c are
coplanar
1 1 1

1 p 2 [a b c] = 0
−1 1 1

∴ 1(p -2) -1 91 + 2 ) + 1( 1 +P) = 0 ∴[ a b c ] ≠ 0
P–2–3+1+p=2
2p – 4 = 0
P=2
8. Determine λ , for which the volume of the paralleloped having coterminus edges

i + j , 3i − j and

Sol: Let a = i + j b = 3i − j c = 3i + λ k be the given cotermines edges

[a b c = 16
1 1 0
3 −1 0 = 16
0 3 λ
1(−λ − 0) − 1(3λ − 0) = 16
−4λ = 16 ⇒ λ = ±4

9. Find the volume of the tetrahedron having the edges i + j + k , i − j and i + 2 j + k

Sol: Let a = i + j + k , b=i− j, c=i+2j+k
1
Volume of tetrahedron = [a b c]
6
1 1 1
1 1
= 1 −1 0 = ( −1 − 0) − 1(1 − 0) + 1(2 + 1)
6 6
1 2 1
1
= (1)
6

10. Let a, b and c be non coplanar vector and α = a + 2b + 3c , β = 2a + b − 2c , γ = 3a − 7c

then find [α β γ]
1 2 3

Sol: [α β γ ] = 2 1 −2 [a b c]
3 0 −7
= 1 ( -7 -0) -2 (-14 + 6) +3 (0 – 3)
= -7 + 16 – 9 = 0

11. Let a, b and c be non coplanar vectors if [2a − b + 3c a + b − 2c a + b − 2c ] = λ[ a b c ] then
find λ
2 −1 3

Sol: 1 1 −2 [ a b c ] = λ [ a b c ]
1 1 −3

{2( −3 + 2) + 1( −3 + 2) + 3(1 − 1)}[ a b c ] = λ [ a b c ]

= 3[a b c] = λ [a b c]
λ = −3

12. Let a, b and c be non coplanar vectors if [ a + 2b 2b + c 5c + a ] λ[ a b c ] then find λ

Sol: Given that [ a + 2b 2b + c 5c + a ] = λ [ a b c ]
1 2 1

0 2 1 [ a b c ] = λ[ a b c ]
1 0 5

{1(10 − 0) − 2(0 − 1) + 1(0 − 2)} [a b c] = λ [a b c]
10 + 2 − 2 = λ ⇒ λ = 10

(a + 2b − c). [(a − b) × (a − b − c)]
13. If a, b, c are non coplanar vector then find the value of
[abc]

(a + 2b − c). [(a − b) × (a − b − c)]
Sol:
[abc]
1 2 −1

1 −1 0 [a b c]
1 −1 1
=
[a b c]
= -1 – 2 = - 3

14. a, b, c Are mutually ⊥ r unit vectors then find the value of [ a b c ]2

Sol: Since a, b, c are mutually perpendicular unit vector let a = i , b = j , c = k

[ a b c]2 = [i j k ]2

= {i . j × k }2

= {i . j}2 {∵ j × k = i}
=1 ∵ i.i = 1

∵[ a b c]2 = 1

15. a, b, c are nonzero vectors and a is ⊥ r both b and c . If a = 2 , b = 3 , c = 4 and
2π
(b, c) = find [ a bc]
3

Sol: a is ⊥ r b & c ∴ a. b = a .c = 0

b × c is ⊥ r b & c

∴ a Parallel b × c ∴ a.(b × c) = ± a b × c [∵θ = 0 or 1800 ]

[a b c = a b × c

= a b×c

= a b c sin (b × c )
3
= 2 × 3× 4 × = 12 3
2

16. If a, b, c are unit coplanar vector then find [2a − b 2b − c 2c − a ]

Sol: Given that a, b, c are coplanar [ a, b, c ] = 0
2 −1 0

[2a − b 2b − c 2c − a ] = 0 2 −1 [a b c ] = 0
−1 0 2
II. Short Answer Questions:

1. If [b c d ] + [c a d ] + [a b d ] = [a b c] then show that the points with position vectors a, b, c

and d are coplanar

Sol: Let OA = a , OB = b , OC = c and OD = d be the given position vectors

AB = b − a , AC = c − a , AD = d − a
If the points are coplanar then

[ AB AC AD ] = 0

[b − a c − a d − a ] = 0

(b − a ). (c − a ) × ( d − a ) = 0

(b − a ).{c × d − c × a − a × d + a × a} = 0

[b c d ] − [b c a ] − [b a d ] − [ a c d ] − [ a c a ] − [ a a d ] = 0 {∵ a × b = 0}

[ b c d ] − [b c a ] + [ a b d ] + [ c a d ] = 0

∴ [ b c d ] + [ a b d ] + [c a d ] = [ a b c ]

∴ If [ b c d ] + [ a b d ] + [c a d ] = [ a b c ]

Then a , b, c, d are coplanar

2. If a , b and c are non coplar vector then prove that the four points with position vectors

2a + 3b − c , a − 2b + 3c , 3a + 4b − 2c and a − 6b + 6c are coplanar

Sol: let OA = 2a + 3b − c , OB = a − 2b + 3c

OC = 3a + 4b − 2c , OD = a − 6b + 6c

AB = OB − OA = − a − 5b + 4c

AC = OC − OA = a + b − c

AD = OD − OA = − a − 9b + 7c
−1 −5 4

[ AB AC AD] = 1 1 −1 [abc]
−1 −9 7

{-1(7-9) +5(7-1) +4(-9+1)} [ abc ]

{2+30-32} [ abc ]

3. a , b and c are non zero and non collinear vectors and θ ≠ 0 , π is the angle between the
1
vectors b and c if (a × b) × c = b c a then find sin θ .
3
1
Sol: ( a × b) × c = b c a
3
1
(c.a)b − (c.b)a = b c a
3
1
(c.a)b − (c.b)a − b c a = 0
3
1
(c.a)b − {(c.b) + b c }a = 0
3

sin a , b are non collinear
1
c.a = 0 and c.b + c b = 0
3
1
c b cos θ + c b = 0
3
1
b c {cos θ + } = 0
3

∵ b, c are non zero vectors

b≠0 c≠0
1 1
∴ cos θ + = 0 ⇒ cos θ = −
3 3
1
sin θ = 1 − cos 2θ = 1 −
9
2 2
sin θ =
3
4. Find the volume of the tetrahedron whose vertices are (1, 2, 1) (3, 2, 5) (2, -1, 0) and
(-1, 0, 1)

Sol: Let OA = i + 2 j + k OB = 3i + 2 j + 5k

OC = 2i − j OD = −i + k

AB = OB − OA = 2i + 0 + 4 k AC = i − 3 j − k

AD = −2i − 2 j
1

The volume of tetrahedron = [ AB AC AD]
6
2 0 4
1
= 1 −3 −1
6
−2 −2 0
1
= 2(0 − 2) + 4(−2 − 6)
6
1
= −4 − 32 = 6
6
∴ Volume = 6

5. Show that ( a + b ).(b + c ) × (c + a ) = 2[ a b c ]
1 1 0

Sol: (a + b).(b + c) × (c + a) = 0 1 1 [a b c]
1 0 1

= {1(1 − 0) − 1(0 − 1)}[ a b c ]

= 2[ a b c ]
6. Show that the equation of the plane passing through the points with position vectors

3i − 5 j − k , −i + 5 j + 7 k and parallel to the vectors 3i − j + 7 k is 3x + 2y – z = 0

Sol: Let OA = 3i − 5 j − k ; OB = −i + 5 j + 7 k be the given points.

Let OP = xi + y j + zk be any point on the plane

AP = ( x − 3)i + ( y + 5) j + ( z + 1) k

AB = OB − OA

= −4i + 10 j + 8k

The plane is parallel to 3i − j + 7 k

∴ Let p = 3i − j + 7 k

AP , AB , p are co planer.

∴ [ AP , AB , p ] = 0
x − 3 y + 5 z +1
−4 10 8 =0
3 −1 7
(X-3)(70+8)-(y+5)(-28-24)+(z+1)(4-30)=0
78(x-3) +52(y+5)-26(z+1) =0
3(x-3)+2(y+5)-(z+10=0
3x-9+2y+10-z-1=0
3x+2y-z=0

7. Prove that a × [ a × ( a × b )] = ( a.a )(b × a )

Sol: a × [a × (a × b)

a × [( a.b ) a − ( a.a )b ]

( a × a )( a.b) − ( a.a )( a × b)

0 + ( a.a )(b × a )

= ( a.a )(b × a )

8. If a , b, c and d are coplanar vectors then show that ( a × b ) × (c × d ) = 0

Sol: a × b is ⊥ r a and b

c × d Is ⊥ r c and d

Since a, b, c, d are coplanar

a × b, c × d are ⊥ r to same plane

∴ a × b parallel c × d

Hence ( a × b) × (c × d ) = 0

9. Show that [( a × b ) × ( a × c )].d = [ a.d ] [ a b c ]

Sol: [( a × b ) × ( a × c )].d

[( a × b.c ) a − ( a × b .a ).c ].d

{[a b c] a − (0)c}.d ∵ a × b.c = [ a b c ]

a × b.c = 0

∴ [ ab c ] = a.d

10. Show that a.[(b + c ) × ( a + b + c )] = 0

Sol: a.[(b + c ) × ( a + b + c )]
1 0 0

= 0 1 1 [a b c]
1 1 1

{1(1 − 1) − 0(0 − 1) + 0(0 − 1)} [ a b c ] = 0
11. Find λ in order that the four points A (3, 2, 1), B(4, λ ,5) , C (4, 2, -2), D (6, 5, -1) be
coplanar

Sol: Let OA = 3i + 2 j + k OB = 4i + λ j + 5k

OC = 4i + 2 j − 2 k OD = 6i + 5 j − k

AB = OB − OA = i + (λ − 2) j + 4 k

AC = OC − OA = i − 3k

AD = OD − OA = 3i + 3 j − 2 k
Since the points are coplanar

[ AB AC AD ] = 0
1 λ −2 4
1 0 −3 = 0
3 3 −2
1(0 + 9) − (λ − 2)(−2 + 9) + 4(3 − 0) = 0
9 − 7(λ − 2) + 12 = 0
21 − 7λ + 14 = 0
λ =5

12. Prove that the four points 4i + 5 j + k , −( j + k ) , 3i + 9 j + 4k and −4i + 4 j + 4 k are
coplanar.

Sol: Let OA = 4i + 5 j + k OB = − j − k

OC = 3i + 9 j + 4 k OD = −4i + 4 j + 4 k
Be the given points

AB = OB − OA = −4i − 6 j − 2 k

AC = OC − OA = −i + 4 j + 3k

AD = OD − OA = −8i − j + 3k
−4 −6 −2

[ AB AC AD] = −1 4 3
−8 −1 3
= -4 (12 + 3) +6 (-3 + 24) -2 (1 + 32)
= - 60 + 126 – 66 =0

[ AB , AC , AD ] = 0
Hence A, B, C, D are coplanar

13. If a , b, c are non coplanar then show that the vector a − b , b + c , c + a are coplanar

Sol: Let p = a − b q = b+c

r = c + a be the given vector since a , b, c are non coplanar vectors [ a b c ] ≠ 0
1 −1 0

[ p q r ] = 0 1 1 [ a b c]
1 0 1

{1(1 − 0) + 1(0 − 1)}[ a b c ] = 0

∴ p, q, r are coplanar

14. If a , b, c are the position vectors of A, B and C respectively then prove that

a × b + b × c + c × a is ⊥ r to plane of ∆ABC

Sol: Given that OA = a OB = b and OC = c

AB = OB − OA = b − a

AC = OC − OA = c − a

Vector ⊥ r the plane containing A, B, C is AB × AC

= (b − a ) × ( c − a )

= b×c −b×a − a×c + a×a

= b× c + a ×b + c× a + 0

∴a× a = 0

∴ b × c + c × a + a × b is ⊥ r the plane of triangle ABC
III. Long Answer Questions:

1. Show that {a × (c × b )} × c = ( a.c )(b × c )

Sol: {a × (b × c )} × c

{( a.c )b − ( a.b )c} × c

( a.c )(b × c ) − ( a.b )(c × c )

( a.c )(b × c ) ∴c × c = 0
2. If A = (1, -2, -1), B= (4, 0, -3), C= (1, ,2 -1) and D = (2, -4, -5) find the distance between AB
and CD.
Sol: Equation of the line passing through the points A (1, -2, -1), B(4, 0, -3) is

r = (1 − t ) a + tb

= a + t (b − a )

r = (i − 2 j − k ) + t (3i + 2 j − 2 k ) → (2)
This is of the form


r = a + tb

∴a = i − 2 j − k b = 3i + 2 j − 2 k
Equation of the line passing through the points C (1, 2, -1) and D = (2, -4, -5) is

r = (i + 2 j − k ) + s (i − 6 j − 4 k ) → (2)
This is of the form

r = c + sd

∴c = i + 2 j − k d = i − 6 j − 4k

[a − c b d ]
Distance between (1) & (2) =
b×d
0 −4 0

[a − c b − d ] = 3 2 −2
1 −6 −4
=0(-8-12)+4(-12+2)+0(-18-2)
=-40

i j k

b × d = 3 2 −2
1 −6 −4

= i (-8-12)- j (-12+2)+ k (-18-2)

= −20i + 10 j − 20 k

(b × d ) = 400 + 100 + 400 = 30

(a − c b − d ) 40 4
Distance= = =
(b × d ) 30 3

3. If a = i − 2 j + k b = 2i + j + k c = i + 2 j − k then find a × (b × c) and (a × b) × c

i j k

Sol: (b × c) = 2 1 1 = i (−1 − 2) − j (−2 − 1) + k (4 − 1)
1 2 −1

= −3i + 3 j + 3k

i j k

a × (b × c) = 1 −2 1
−3 3 3

= i ( −6 − 3) − j (3 + 3) + k (3 − 6)

= −9i − 6 j − 3k

i j k

(a × b) = 1 −2 1
2 1 1

= i ( −2 − 1) − j (1 − 2) + k (1 + 4)

= −3i + j + 5k

i j k

(a × b) × c = −3 1 +5
1 2 −1

= i ( −1 − 10) − j (3 − 5) + k ( −6 − 1)

= −11i + 2 j − 7 k

(a × b) × c = 12 + 4 + 49 = 174

4. If a = i − 2 j − 3k , b = 2i + j − k and c = i + 3 j − 2 k verify that a × (b × c ) ≠ ( a × b ) × c

i j k

Sol: b × c = 2 1 −1
1 3 −2

= i ( −2 + 3) − j ( −4 + 1) + k (6 − 1)

= i + 3 j + 5k

i j k

a × (b × c) = 1 −2 −3
1 3 5

= i ( −10 + 9) − j (5 + 3) + k (3 + 2)

= −i − 8 j + 5k

i j k

a × b = 1 −2 −3
2 1 −1

= i (2 + 3) − j ( −1 + 6) + k (1 + 4)

= 5i − 5 j + 5k

i j k

(a × b) × c = 5 −5 5
1 3 −2

= i (10 − 15) j ( −10 − 5) + k (15 + 5)

= −5i + 15 j + 20 k

a × (b × c ) ≠ ( a × b ) × c

5. If a = 2i + j − 3k , b = i − 2 j + k , c = −i + j − 4 k , d = i + j + k then compute (a × b) × (c × d )

i j k

Sol: a×b = 2 1 −3
1 −2 1

= i (1 − 6) − j (2 + 3) + k ( −4 − 1)

= −5i − 5 j − 5k

i j k

c × d = −1 1 −4
1 1 1

= i (1 + 6) − j ( −1 + 4) + k ( −1 − 1)

= 5i − 3 j − 2 k

i j k

(a × b) × (c × d ) = −5 −5 −5
5 −3 −2

= i (10 − 15) − j (10 + 25) + k ( −15 + 25)

= −5i − 35 j + 140 k

(a × b) × (c × d ) = 25 + 1225 + 1600 = 2850
= 25 ×114
= 5 114
a a 2 1 + a3
6. If A = (1, a, a 2 ) , B = (1, b, b 2 ) . C = (1, c, c 2 ) are non coplanar vector and b b 2 1 + b3 = 0
c c 2 1 + c3
then show that abc + 1 = 0

Sol: A, B , C are non co planar then

[ A, B , C ] ≠ 0
1 a a2 a a 2 1 + a3
∴ 1 b b2 ≠ 0 and b b 2 1 = b3 = 0
1 c c2 c c2 1 + c3
a a2 1 a a2 a3
b b2 1 + b b2 b3 = 0
c c2 1 c c2 c3
a 1 a2 1 a a2
− b 1 b 2 + abc 1 b b 2 = 0 (by inter changing c2 and c3 )
c 1 c2 1 c c2
1 a a2 1 a a2
1 b b 2 + abc 1 b b 2 = 0
1 c c2 1 c c2
1 a a2
1 b b 2 {1 + abc} = 0
1 c c2
1 a a2
But 1 b b 2 ≠ 0
1 c c2
∴1 + abc = 0

7. If a , b, c are non zero vectors then (a × b).c = a b c ⇔ a.b = b.c = c.a = 0

Sol: Let α be the angle between a × b , and c β be the angle between a , b

(a × b).c = a b c

a × b c cos α = a b c ∵c ≠0

a × b sin β cos α = a b

sin β cos α = 1 ∴ a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0
∴ sin β = 1 cos α = 1
β = 900 α = 00

Here a × b parallel c

And a ⊥ r b

∴ c is ⊥ r a and c ⊥ r b

∴ a.b = 0 , b.c = 0 , c.a = 0

∴ a.b = b.c = c.a = 0

8. If a = i − 2 j + 3k , b = 2i + j + k and c = i + j + 2 k then find 1 a × b) × c and a × (b × c)

i j k

Sol: b×c = 2 1 1
1 1 2

= i (2 − 1) − j (4 − 1) + k (2 − 1)

= i−3j+k

i j k

a × (b × c) = 1 −2 3
1 −3 1

= i ( −2 + 9) − j (1 − 3) + k ( −3 + 2)

= 7i + 2 j − k

a × (b × c) = 7i + 2 j − k
= 49 + 4 + 1 = 54

i j k

a × b = 1 −2 3
2 1 1

= i ( −2 − 3) − j (1 − 6) + k (1 + 4)

= −5i + 5 j + 5k

( a × b) × c = 52 + 152 + ( −10) 2 = 350 ⇒ 5 14

b × c c × a a × b
9. Let a , b, c be non coplanar vectors a = ; b = ; c = then show that
1 1 1
[ abc ] [abc] [abc]

1 1 1 1 1 1
(a + b).a + (b + c).b + (c + a ).c = 3 and also [abc][a b c ] = 1

Sol: (a + b).a1 (b + c). b1 (c + a ). c1

b×c c×a a×b
(a + b) + (b + c) + (c + a)
[abc] [abc] [abc]

a.(b × c) b.(b × c) b.(c × a ) c.(c × a) c.(a × b) a.(a × b)
+ + + + +
[abc] [abc] [abc] [abc] [abc] [abc]

[abc] [abc] [abc]
+ 0 + + 0 + + 0
[abc] [abc] [abc]
1+ 1 + 1 =3 { ∵ If two vector are identical in product then the value = 0}

 b × c c×a a×b 
[abc]  
 [abc] [abc] [abc] 

[abc]
b × c c × a a × b 
[abc]3  

1
{
2 (b × c ). (c × a ) × ( a × b)
[ abc ]
}

1
{
2 (b × c ). (c × a.b) a − ( c × a.b)b
[ abc ]
}

1 [abc]2
= 2 (b × c ).{[abc]a} = 2
[abc] [abc]

10. If a = 1 , b = 1 , c = 2 and a × ( a × c ) + b = 0 then find the angle between a and c

Sol: a × (a × c) + b = 0

a × (a × c) = −b

( a.a)c − (a.c)a = b
2
a c − a c cos θ a = b

c − 2a cos θ = b
S.O.B.S
2 2 2
c + 4 a − 4c.a cos θ = b
2
4 + 4 cos 2 θ − 4 c a cos 2 θ = b
4 + 4 cos 2 θ − 4 × 2 × 1cos 2 θ = 1
3
3 = 4 cos 2 θ ⇒ cos 2 θ =
4
3
cos θ = ±
2
θ = 300 or θ = 1500

11. Let a = i − k , b = xi + k + (1 − x ) k , c = yi + xk + (1 + x + y ) k then prove that [ a b c ] is
independent of both x and y
1 0 −1

Sol: [a b c] = x 1 1− x
y x 1+ x − y
{ }
= 1 (1 + x − y ) − x + x 2 − 0( x + x 2 − xy − y + xy ) − 1( x 2 − y )
= 1 − y + x2 − 0 − x2 + y2 = 1
This is independent of x and y

12. Let b = 2i + j − k , c = i + 3k if a is a unit vector then find the maximum value of [ abc ]

Sol: Given a = 1

b = 2i + j − k ⇒ b = 6

c = i + 3k ⇒ c = 10

[ a b c ] = a.(b × c )

= a . b × c cos θ

Since [ abc ] is maximum then

i j k

b × c = 2 1 −1
1 0 3

= i (3 − 0) − j (6 + 1) + k (0 − 1)

= 3i − 7 j − k

b × c = 9 + 49 + 1 = 59

∴ Maximum value of [abc] = a b × c
= 1× 59

12. Let a = i − j , b = j − k , c = k − i find unit vector d such that a.d = 0[bcd ] = 0

Sol: Let d = d1 i + d 2 j + d3 k

a.d = 0 ⇒ d1 − d 2 = 0
d1 − d 2 = 0 → (1)

[bcd ] = 0
0 1 −1
−1 0 1 =0
d1 d2 d3
0(0 − d 2 ) − 1(−d3 − d1 ) − 1(−d2 − 0) + 0 + d3 + d1 + d 2 = 0 → (2)

Since d is the unit vector

d = d12 + d 22 + d 32 = 1
d12 + d 22 + d 32 = 1 → (3)
Sub (2) in (1)
d3 + d1 + d1 = 0
d3 = −2d1
Sub d3 , d 2 in (3)
d12 + d12 + 4d12 = 1
1
d1 = ±
6

∴ d = d1 i + d 2 j + d3 k
1 1 1
=± i± j± k
6 6 6
1
=± (i + j + k ) .
6

Inter Material Istyearem Mathsia 04 - 04 - Multiple - Products

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Inter Material Istyearem Mathsia 04 - 04 - Multiple - Products

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I. Very Short Answer Questions

1 ( -2 + 3) +2( -4 +1) -3 (6-1)

1 (-9 + 20) +1( 3 – 8) -6 (-5 + 6)

4. Simplify the following

= 1(1 – 0) – 1 (-1 – 0) +1(2 + 1)

2 (-2t + 3) +3 (-t -0) +1( 1 – 0) = 0

II. Short Answer Questions:

If the points are coplanar then

1

Since the points are coplanar

1(0 + 9) − (λ − 2)(−2 + 9) + 4(3 − 0) = 0

Be the given points

= -4 (12 + 3) +6 (-3 + 24) -2 (1 + 32)

Hence A, B, C, D are coplanar

III. Long Answer Questions:

This is of the form

This is of the form

[ abc ] [abc] [abc]

1+ 1 + 1 =3 { ∵ If two vector are identical in product then the value = 0}

This is independent of x and y

0(0 − d 2 ) − 1(−d3 − d1 ) − 1(−d2 − 0) + 0 + d3 + d1 + d 2 = 0 → (2)

Sub (2) in (1)

d12 + d12 + 4d12 = 1

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