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IGCSE Biology CIE Revision Notes 5. Enzymes 5.1 Enzymes 5.1.1 Enzymes

5.1.1 Enzymes 1. Characteristics & Cla…

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2. Organisation of the …

3. Movement into & out …

4. Biological Molecules

5. Enzymes

00:55 5.1 Enzymes

5.1.1 Enzymes

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5.1.2 Enzyme Investigations

5.1.3 Enzyme Action &

Specificity: Extended

What Are Enzymes?

5.1.4 Enzymes & Temperature:
Enzymes are: Extended
Catalysts that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without
being changed or used up in the reaction 5.1.5 Enzymes & pH: Extended
Proteins
Biological catalysts (biological because they are made in living
cells, catalysts because they speed up the rate of chemical
reactions without being changed) 6. Plant Nutrition
Necessary to all living organisms as they maintain reaction
speeds of all metabolic reactions (all the reactions that keep an
organism alive) at a rate that can sustain life
7. Human Nutrition
For example, if we did not produce digestive enzymes, it
would take around 2 - 3 weeks to digest one meal; with
enzymes, it takes around 4 hours
8. Transport in Plants

How Do Enzymes Work? 9. Transport in Animals

10. Diseases & Immunity

11. Gas Exchange in Hu…

12. Respiration

13. Excretion in Humans

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14. Coordination & Res…

15. Drugs

Enzyme substrate specificity

16. Reproduction
Enzymes are specific to one particular substrate (molecule/s that
get broken down or joined together in the reaction) as the enzyme is
a complementary shape to the substrate
The product is made from the substrate(s) and is released 17. Inheritance

18. Variation & Selection

19. Organisms & Their E…

20. Human Influences o…

21. Biotechnology & Ge…

Enzyme specificity: lock and key model of enzyme activity

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Author: Lára
Lára graduated from Oxford University in Biological Sciences and has now been a science
tutor working in the UK for several years. Lára has a particular interest in the area of infectious
disease and epidemiology, and enjoys creating original educational materials that develop
confidence and facilitate learning.

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