Good

Morning
Arterial blood gas analysis is a blood test
taken from an artery that measures the
amount of O2 & CO2 found in the blood
This test measures the acidity (pH) and The test is used to find how well
levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in oxygen moves from lungs to
the blood and artery bloodstream.

* THE TEST WILL GIVE DOCTORS CLUES

Oxygen into the blood and remove
ABOUT HOW WELL LUNGS, HEART AND
carbon dioxide from the blood
KIDNEYS ARE WORKING.
 ABG COMPONENTS

PaO2 - measured PaCO2 – measured

pH - measure the partial pressure the partial pressure
acid base balance of oxygen in arterial of carbon dioxide in
in the blood blood arterial blood

HCO3 - calculated
concentrations of
bicarbonate in
arterial blood.
 To check for severe breathing and lung problem such as
asthma, cystic fibrosis or COPD.

To check how treatments for your lung problem problems

are working

To check whether you need extra oxygen or other help with

breathing.
Why
is ABG done To check your acid base balance .

You can have too much acid in your body from kidney
failure , a severe infection , specific toxic ingestions ,
complications of Diabetes
(DKA) or under treatment sleep apnea.
 ABG
INTERPRETATION
ABG INTERPRETATION
 Quick Steps in Interpreting ABG Results

• LABEL THE pH:

»Identify if it is acidic or alkalosis
• Less than 7.35 -----> acidosis
• More than 7. 45 ---> alkalosis

• FIND THE CAUSE:

• [

PaCO2 ====> RESPIRATORY

HCO3 ====> METABOLIC
• ACIDOSIS OR
ALKALOSIS

• METABOLIC OR
RESPIRATORY

• COMPENSATED,
PARTIALLY
COMPENSATED,
UNCOMPENSATED.
pH: 7.49 PaCO2: 27 HCO3: 22
 ○ pH: 7.49 alkalosis

○ PaCO2: 27 alkalosis

○ HCO3: 22 Normal

Respiratory Alkalosis
Uncompensated
pH: 7.26

PaCO2: 50

HCO3: 31
○ pH: 7.26 acidosis

○ PaCO2: 50 acidosis

○ HCO3: 21 acidosis

Mixed Respiratory and

Metabolic Acidosis
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS

TIC- TAC-
TOE
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS

○ pH: 7.46
○ PaCO2: 35 pH
○ HCO3: 30

PaCO2
Metabolic Alkalosis,
Uncompensated
HCO3
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS
○ pH: 7.35
○ PaCO2: 32
○ HCO3: 19 pH

acidosis 7.40 alkalosis

PaCO2

Metabolic Acidosis,
Fully Compensated HCO3
LET’S
INTERPRET
ABG
RESULTS!!!!
pH: 7.19
PaCO2: 65
HCO3: 22

Respiratory
Acidosis Uncompensated
 pH: 7.32
PaCO2: 49
HCO3: 25

Respiratory
Acidosis Uncompensated
pH: 7.49
PaCO2: 31
HCO3 = 24

Respiratory Alkalosis
Uncompensated
pH: 7.42
PaCO2: 46
HCO3: 34

Metabolic Alkalosis Fully

compensated
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS

pH: 7.35
PaCO2: 30
HCO3: 19

Metabolic Acidosis Fully

compensated
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS

pH: 7.48
PaCO2: 41
HCO3: 29

Metabolic Alkalosis
Uncompensated
 ACIDOSIS NORMAL ALKALOSIS

pH: 7.50
PaCO2: 50
HCO3: 30

Metabolic Alkalosis
Partially Compensated