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  • The Factor Theorem

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    Pau Bluza
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    This document provides information about proving the factor theorem in polynomials. It begins with the learning competency and objectives, which are to use the remainder theorem to prove if a given binomial is a factor of a given polynomial. It then explains that the remainder R obtained when dividing a polynomial P(x) by (x - r) will equal P(r), and if R is equal to 0, then (x - r) is a factor of P(x). Several examples are worked through to demonstrate applying the factor theorem. The document concludes with references and notes sections.

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    Formulas and examples

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    The-Factor-Theorem

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    This document provides information about proving the factor theorem in polynomials. It begins with the learning competency and objectives, which are to use the remainder theorem to prove if a given binomial is a factor of a given polynomial. It then explains that the remainder R obtained when dividing a polynomial P(x) by (x - r) will equal P(r), and if R is equal to 0, then (x - r) is a factor of P(x). Several examples are worked through to demonstrate applying the factor theorem. The document concludes with references and notes sections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    3 views4 pages

    The Factor Theorem

    Uploaded by

    Pau Bluza
    This document provides information about proving the factor theorem in polynomials. It begins with the learning competency and objectives, which are to use the remainder theorem to prove if a given binomial is a factor of a given polynomial. It then explains that the remainder R obtained when dividing a polynomial P(x) by (x - r) will equal P(r), and if R is equal to 0, then (x - r) is a factor of P(x). Several examples are worked through to demonstrate applying the factor theorem. The document concludes with references and notes sections.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Mathematics 10

    NAME: DATE:

    GRADE & SECTION: SCORE:

    POLYNOMIALS
    The Factor Theorem

    I. Learning Competency:
    M10AL-Ig-h-13
    Proves the factor theorem.

    II. Learning Objectives:


    The learner will be able use the remainder theorem to prove if a given
    binomial is a factor of the given polynomial.

    (Developmental Activity)

    The remainder 𝑹 obtained in 𝑷(𝒙) ÷ (𝒙 − 𝒓), tells us that:

    1. The remainder 𝑹 gives the value of 𝑷(𝒙) at 𝒙 = 𝒓, that is, 𝑹 = 𝑷(𝒓).


    2. If 𝑹 = 𝟎, then (𝒙 – 𝒓) is a factor of 𝑷(𝒙).

    Some polynomial functions are written 𝑓(𝑥), 𝑔(𝑥), ℎ(𝑥), etc. These variations
    should not confuse you. They all refer to a polynomial function.

    THE FACTOR THEOREM

    (𝑥 – 𝑟) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) if and only if 𝑃(𝑟) = 0.

    Prepared by:
    ERMA AGNES F. NUNEZ - SEHS
    Mathematics 10

    (Reinforcement Activity)

    Example 1.
    Determine if (𝑥 − 2) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6.

    Solution:
    For (𝑥 − 2) to be a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6,
    𝑃(2) should be equal to 0.

    𝑃(2) = 1(2)3 − 4(2)2 + (2) + 6


    𝑃(2) = 0, therefore (𝑥 − 2)
    𝑃(2) = 1(8) − 4(4) + (2) + 6 is a factor of the polynomial
    𝑃(2) = 8 − 16 + 2 + 6 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 6
    𝑃(2) = 0

    Example 2.
    Determine if (𝑥 + 1) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 6𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 9.

    Solution:
    For (𝑥 + 1) to be a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 6𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 9,
    𝑃(−1) should be equal to 0.

    𝑃(−1) = 6(−1)4 − 7(−1)3 + 3(−1)2 − 7(−1) − 9


    𝑃(−1) = 6(1) − 7(−1) + 3(1) − 7(−1) − 9
    𝑃(−1) = 6 + 7 + 3 + 7 − 9 𝑃(−1) = 14, therefore (𝑥 + 1) is
    NOT a factor of the polynomial
    𝑃(−1) = 14 𝑃(𝑥) = 6𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 9

    Example 3.
    Determine if (𝑥) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 24𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 12.

    Solution:
    For (𝑥) to be a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) = 24𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 12, 𝑃(0) should be equal to 0.

    𝑃(0) = 24(0)4 + 5(0)3 − 4(0) + 12


    𝑃(0) = 24(0) + 5(0) − 4(0) + 12 𝑃(0) = 12, therefore (𝑥) is
    𝑃(0) = 0 + 0 − 0 + 12 NOT a factor of the polynomial
    𝑃(0) = 12 𝑃(𝑥) = 24𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 12

    Prepared by:
    ERMA AGNES F. NUNEZ - SEHS
    Mathematics 10

    (Transferring Activity)

    A. Use the remainder theorem to determine whether (𝑥 − 𝑟) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥).

    1. 𝑃(𝑥) = (𝑥 3 − 27); 𝑥 − 3
    2. 𝑃(𝑥) = (2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 3); 𝑥 − 2
    3. 𝑃(𝑥) = (𝑥 4 − 27𝑥 2 + 14𝑥 + 120); 𝑥 − 4

    B. In one paragraph, write your observation when (𝑥) is used as a divisor.

    Prepared by:
    ERMA AGNES F. NUNEZ - SEHS
    Mathematics 10

    III. References/Links:
    Dignadice, A. D. (2006). Wizard mathematics: Advanced algebra and
    trigonometry. Tarlac City, Philippines: Wizard Publishing Haws, Inc.

    Bernabe, J. G. et al. (2009). Advanced algebra, trigonometry and statistics.


    Quezon City, Philippines: SD Publications, Inc..

    Republic of the Philippines. Department of Education. (2015). Grade 10


    Mathematics: Learner’s Module. Department of Education.

    Republic of the Philippines. Department of Education. (2015). Grade 10


    Mathematics: Teacher’s Guide. Department of Education.

    Prepared by:

    ERMA AGNES F. NUÑEZ


    Teacher 1

    Checked by: Noted by:

    GAYLE D. IBALLA OLIVE R. LOMIBAO


    Master Teacher 1 Head Teacher – Mathematics
    Department

    JEFFREY C. TRINIDAD
    Principal

    Prepared by:
    ERMA AGNES F. NUNEZ - SEHS

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