A STUDY ON FARMER SUICIDE IN Karnataka and Alternative Farming

“Farmers Suicide In Karnataka And Alternative Farming”
A STUDY ON FARMER SUICIDE AND

ALTERNATIVE FOR
SRP Submitted in Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirement
For the degree of

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
OF
ACHARYA BANGLORE B – SCHOOL
BY
BHARATH KUMAR V
P03AA21M0014
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Prof Dr. K. Ravichandran
MBA Department
ACHARYA BANGLORE B SCHOOL

2021-2023
1
Acharya Bangalore B School Bengaluru
CERTIFCATE
This is to certify that the SRP titled “FORMERS SUICIDE IN

KARNATAKA AND ALTERNATIVE FORMING is an original work of
Mr. Bharath Kumar V bearing register number P03AA21M0014, is
submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the Master’s Degree in
Business Administration of Bangalore University. The report has not been
submitted earlier either to this University /Institution for the fulfilment of the
requirement of a course of study
Dr. K. Ravichandran Dr. H R

Venkatesha
(Project Guide) (Director)
Date:
Place:
2
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that “FORMERS SUICIDE IN KARNATAKA AND

ALTERNATIVE FORMING” is the result of the project work carried out
by me under the guidance of Name of the Guide in partial fulfilment for the
award of Master’s Degree in Business Administration by Acharya Bangalore
B School. I also declare that this project is the outcome of my own efforts
and that it has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the
award of any other Degree or Diploma or Certificate
Place: Bengaluru Bharath kumar V
Date:
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It’s with great pleasure, I take this opportunity to acknowledge and express
my gratitude to all those who helped me throughout my project work.
First, I would like to express my heartily gratitude to our Director Dr H.R.

Venkatesha sir for granting me permission for taking up my project work.
Then I would like to thank Dr Rajesh sir for his all guidelines for my
projects and his constant support in getting done the SRP
I would like to thank my guide Dr.K Ravichandran sir for giving me the
opportunity to take up the project work and for her continuous guidance and
support in its fulfillment.
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Seria Page
TITLE
l No: No:
1 7 - 11
INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF
2 12- 18
LITERATURE
RESEARCH
3 19 – 35
METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS,
4 36 – 46
INTERPRETATIONS
BUSINESS
PROPOSITION/
5 47 -54
SUSTAINABLE
SOLUTIONS
FINDINGS,
SUGGESTIONS, &
6 CONCLUSION 55 -65
BIBLIOGRAPHY,
APPENDIX
5
LIST OF TABLES
Sl no particular Page number

1 Number of farmers suicide in India as per NCRB 10
2021
2 Number of Farmers suicide in Karnataka District 26
wise
3 Main Causes of farmers Suicide
4 Age 39
5 Different methods of Farming 40
6 Main Problems for the farmers Suicide in Karnataka 41
7 Awareness of Government schemes in Farmers 42
8 Various Government Schemes in India 43
9 Aware of New technology in Agriculture 44
10 Other Alternative Farming Methods 45
11 Sources of Irrigation 46
6
LIST OF PIE CHARTS AND BAR DAIGRAMS
Sl no Particular Page no
1 Number of farmers suicide in India as per 11
NCRB 2021
2 Number of Farmers suicide in Karnataka 28
District wise
3 Reported Suicides case in Karnataka 30
District wise
4 Accepted cases for Composition District 31
wise
5 Rejected case for Composition by 32
government of Karnataka
6 Pending cases For Composition 33
7 Composition causes status 34
8 Causes for farmers Suicide 35
9 Age 39
10 Different methods of Farming 40
11 Main Problems for the farmers Suicide in 41
Karnataka
12 Awareness of Government schemes in 42
Farmers
13 Various Government Schemes in India 43
14 Aware of New technology in Agriculture 44
15 Other Alternative Farming Methods 45
16 Sources of Irrigation 46
7
CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION
8
INTRODUCTION
India is an Agriculture country around 58% of the Indian population depends

on only Agriculture but in rural India, more than 70% of people depend on
agriculture only. in India, the agriculture sector contributes 20.2ofd the Gross
domestic product (GDP).
The vast majority of poor in India is living in rural areas and engaged
primarily in subsistence agriculture for survival, even today. The core
problems of widespread poverty, growing inequality, rapid population
growth and rising unemployment find their origin in the stagnation and often
retrogression of economic life in rural areas. The economic progress,
whatever, that has been allowed in India before and after independence, has
bypassed millions of people. One alarming point of concern of investment
patterns in agriculture is public investment. Public investment has been
continuously decreasing and directly affecting agriculture negatively with
less creation of infrastructure facilities. Further agriculture in India as well in
Karnataka has been facing various problems i.e., production instability, price
fluctuations, drought, rural indebtedness, and farmers’ suicide
In Karnataka Agriculture plays an important role in the economy Karnataka,

contributing 28 percent of the gross domestic product more than 60 percent
population of Karnataka depends on only agriculture Karnataka had no
history of farmers committing suicide but y, but price fluctuations, or
drought, rural indebtedness when crops or markets failed, So The first
incidence of farmers’ suicide, which attracted considerable attention of the
media and public, was reported on 12 December 1997 when Mr. Shivaraj
Mainalle of Siddeshwar village in Bidar district committed suicide who were
involved in cultivating Turdal, a market-oriented agricultural crop
committed suicide. In the initial two years, farmer suicides were largely
concentrated in the drought-prone districts in north Karnataka or confined to
economically backward, drought-prone regions such as Gulbarga and Bidar.
However, after 2000, the phenomenon shifted to relatively advanced
9
agricultural regions, particularly Mandya, Hassan, Shivamogga, Davanagere,

Koppala, and even Chikkamagaluru, Kodagu and it also covered
groundwater region, (Belagavi) assured rainfall region (Haveri), Sugar Cane
and Cauvery Irrigation. Still now in Karnataka from 1997 to 2021 47871
formers committed suicide.
Farmer suicide has turned out to be a major socioeconomic concern in India

that has resulted in profound implications on the quality of life of farmers.
According to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development
(UNCSD), one farmer committed suicide every 32 minutes between 1997
and 2005 in India. The prominent causes recognized for farmer suicides were
bankruptcy or indebtedness (20.6%), family problems (20.1%), failure of
crops (16.8%), illness (13.2%), and drug abuse/alcoholic addiction (4.9%)
(NCRB, 2015). Farmers feel a repeated sense of hopelessness due to the loss
of crops, income and land. Another factor that increases suicides is the social
isolation due to the loss of communities as well as geographical remoteness.
Lack of access to mental health services in rural areas and the stigma
attached to treatment is also a contributing factor. Depression arising from
exposure to agricultural chemicals/pesticides may increase the risk for mood
disorders and ultimately suicide. The Situation Assessment Surveys of the
National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO, 2013) has reconfirmed the
worsening situation of farm households which indicated that 60 per cent of
the farm households in India are indebted. Indebtedness was highest in
Telangana (89%), followed by Karnataka (77%), Maharastra (57%), Madhya
Pradesh (46%) and Chhattisgarh (37%) (Table 1.1). It is to note that NSSO in
its 59th round survey has revealed that given the choice, 40 per cent farmers
would like to quit farming because it is not profitable, risky and it lacks
social status (NSSO, 2005). Interestingly, indebted farmers have taken higher
credit from institutional sources (60%) as compared to non-institutional
sources (40 %) (NSSO, 2021
10
Number of suicides and indebtedness in major suicide prone

states of India As per NCRB 2021
No of %
SL no suicide Farmers
State in Suicide
2019- to all
2020 India in
2019-
2020
1 Maharashtra 22207 13.5%
2 Tamil Nadu 18925 11.5%
3 Madhya 14965 9.10%
Pradesh
4 West Bengal 13500 8.22%
5 Karnataka 13056 8.00%
25000 No. of Farmers suicide in India during 2020-

22207
2021
20000 18925
14965
15000
13500 13056
10000
5000
0
0
State Maharashtra Tamil Nadu Madhya West Bengal Karnataka
Pradesh
SL no 1 2 3 4 5
11
The Intelligence Bureau in its report to the Govt. of India had mentioned that
there is an upward trend in the number of farmers resorting to the extreme
measure of suicide in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and
Karnataka. The report also stated that the main reason for such incidences
were both natural and manmade factors: “While natural factors like uneven
rains, hailstorms, droughts, and floods adversely affect crop yield, manmade
factors such as pricing policies and inadequate marketing facilities result in
post-harvest losses” (2021)
The NCRB publication of 2021 reported 164033 farmer suicides in the

country. Of this, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal,
and Karnataka states together accounted for 51.32 pe7777rcent of the total
farmer suicides as per the details presented in Table 1.1
According to the report, the landholding status of the farmers who committed
suicide revealed that 44.5 percent and 27.9 percent of victims were small
farmers and marginal farmers, respectively. These two categories of farmers.
The Intelligence Bureau in its report to the Govt. of India mentioned that
there is an upward trend in the number of farmers resorting to the extreme
measure of suicide in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and
Karnataka. The report also stated that the main reason for such incidences
were both natural and manmade factors: “While natural factors like uneven
rains, hailstorms, droughts, and floods adversely affect crop yield, manmade
factors such as pricing policies and inadequate marketing facilities result in
post-harvest losses” (2021)
The NCRB publication of 2021 reported 164033 farmer suicides in the

country. Of this, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal,
and Karnataka states together accounted for 51.32 percent of the total farmer
suicides as per the details presented in Table 1.1
12
According to the report, the landholding status of the farmers who committed
suicide revealed that 44.5 percent and 27.9 percent of victims were small
farmers and marginal farmers, respectively. These two categories of farmers
together accounted for 72.4 percent of total farmer suicides in the country.
The report further revealed that 13.5 percent and 8.0 percent of small farmers
who committed suicides were reported in Maharashtra and Karnataka
respectively in 2021.
13
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
14
Review of literature
In recent years, many cases of farmers’ suicide have been reported in a

number of states particularly Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh,
Kerala, Punjab, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu.
India has a total geographical area of 328.7 million hectors which a net sown
area is 141million hectors and 92.6 million areas dependent on natural
rainfall the remaining is, therefore, most of the studies in the Indian context
revolve around farmers’ suicide, for instance, Iyer and Manick (Iyer and
Manick 2000) try to identify the socio-economic profile of suicide victims
Study also examine economic and social factors.
Many studies have addressed to the reasoning of the suicides from various
angles. A detailed perusal of the literature in India suggests multiple causes
and these could be clubbed into one namely increasing distress in the farm
sector. This may be due to squeezing income under the pressure of increasing
cost of cultivation and higher cash needs of the family. This is further
aggravated by climatic factors, low productivity, and, market failures both in
factor and product markets. But among these, farm indebtedness is
considered as the major triggering factor in most of cases. The scenario of
indebtedness in the country also supports this hypothesis.
Most studies on suicides fail to look at the phenomena from an

interdisciplinary perspective. Emile Durkheim (1896) a sociologist
highlighted that suicide rates are dependent upon the degree to which
individuals are integrated into society and the degree to which society
regulates individual behaviour. He mentioned that in modern society there
are two major types of suicides :(i) Increasing detachment from others
resulting in egoistical suicide. For instance, the unmarried and childless are
less integrated and hence susceptible to a higher suicide rate and (ii)
Dissatisfaction in relation to expectations resulting in anomic suicide. For
instance, in times of price crash of crops, there is more probability of suicides
if the farmers’ price expectations are not met (Lester, 1994 cited in
15
Deshpande and Saroj Arora, 2010). Taking into account Durkheim’s types,
Mohanty in his article views farmer suicides as having resulted from a
combination of ecological, economic, and social crises. He pointed out
modern agricultural practice, which has become a Farmer Suicide in
Karnataka 3 independent, household or family enterprise, without requiring
any link and interaction among the cultivators themselves (Mohanty, 2013).
Another way of analysing the causes of suicides requires understanding the

culmination of four factors namely, Events, Stressors, Actors, and Triggers.
This categorization stems from the mental setup of victims (Deshpande,
2002). The events such as crop loss, bore-well failure, price crashes, family
problems, property disputes, and daughter’s marriage act as stress creators,
when two or more events cluster together. Usually, illness of the individual
or any family members, heavy borrowing, continued disputes in the family or
land-related problems act as stressors’. These become lethal in combination
with the events, but further ignition comes through the actors and triggers
incidence. Given the complex nature of the phenomena, it is certainly
difficult to pinpoint one particular reason for suicide (Deshpande, 2002).
The work of Gupta aptly observes that “Indian agriculture has always lurched
from crisis to crisis”. If the monsoons are good then there are floods, if they
are bad there are droughts, if the production of mangoes is excellent then
there is a glut and prices fall if the onion crops fail then that too brings tears.
The artisanal nature of agriculture has always kept farmers on tenterhooks,
not knowing quite how to manage their economy, except to play it by (y) ear
thus shedding a light on the plight of the Indian farmer (Gupta, 2005). The
study on farmers’ suicides is a problem of type that is theoretical and
interpretative in nature. Although there is an availability of empirical data,
due to a lack of sufficient understanding of the trends and complex patterns,

there exists a deficiency in establishing interrelationships (Kaviraj, 1984).
16
Vasavi states that bewilderment, loss of meaning, and uncertainty among

farmers due to the unrelenting failures of policies and responses are doubtful
to change unless there is a paradigm shift in the general outlook that starts
with trusting agriculturists’ knowledge and working towards those elements
that enhance their capacities for collective action (Vasavi, 2012).
The study by Bhende and Thippaiah (2010) concluded that farmers in the
suicide-prone districts of the Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and
Maharashtra states were aware of the PMs package and the department of
agriculture, gram panchayats, and others had given due publicity to this
program. Farmers had availed of relief measures such as interest waiver and
rescheduling of loans and also subsidies under various schemes, which
enabled them to be eligible for fresh loans and augment their incomes
through subsidiary activities. The study also revealed that collusion between
local leaders and government officials had led to wealthy farmers receiving
exgratia payments bypassing the poor. Most of the farmers in the suicide-
prone districts benefited from one or the other scheme of the PM package.
However, their capacity to cope with the drought conditions whenever
monsoons failed was still weak and the PM’s package through its multiple
schemes had limited impact on this front. 4 Farmer Suicides in Karnataka
Anneshi and Gowda (2015) concluded that both small and large farmers
borrowed a relatively higher proportion from non-institutional sources
compared to institutional sources and accessibility to institutional borrowing
was relatively more for large farmers. Similarly, both small and large farmers
owed a more outstanding debt to non-institutional sources, as compared to
institutional sources in SC/ST category.
Bhende (2015) in the study on the impact assessment of the Prime Minister’s
Rehabilitation Package for farmers in suicide-prone districts of Karnataka
concluded that farmers in the suicide-prone districts received benefits for one
or more components under the PM package. The direct assistance provided in
the form of certified seed and supply of sprinkler and drip irrigation had
helped in increasing the yield and irrigated area.
17
Macharia (2015) investigated that majority of small and marginal farmers

depend on noninstitutional credit facilities (i.e. money lenders, micro
financiers, and traders). He also reported that farmers’ suicides take place
among the scheduled castes and tribe families who cultivated commercial
crops. Low yields, extremely reduced profits, and mounting debts make their
life extremely difficult. Chikara and Kodan (2014) opined that the informal
mechanism of credit delivery played an important role for marginal and small
farmers in meeting their credit requirements in the state of Haryana. In
addition, maximum indebtedness among farm households was found to be in
the range of Rs. 615-775 Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure
(MPCE).
Kanthi (2014) in his study on the economics of agriculture and farmers’

suicides in Warangal District in Andhra Pradesh reported that the
contributory factors for farmers’ suicides as farmers’ indebtedness, crop loss
and failure and risk factor, input (seed, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation,
credit) related problems, inadequate institutional finance, failure of
agricultural extension system lack of storage and marketing facilities, lack of
remunerative prices and absence of agricultural insurance.
Mohanty (2014) in a study conducted in the Amravati and Yavatmal districts

of Maharashtra argued that crop loss and egoistic factors led to a suicidal
tendency among small and marginal farmers. On the contrary, the suicides of
large and medium farmers who belong to higher castes were attributed
mainly to the anomic forces generated by failure in business, trade, and
politics. The socio-cultural factors such as old age, illness, family tension,
etc, further added to their urge to take their own lives. They concluded that
the suicides of farmers are neither properly anomic nor egoistic rather they
are ego-anomic in nature. Singh et al.
2014 in Punjab studied that the level of education, non-farm income, farm
size, and non-institutional credit were the main factors that affect the level of
farmers’ indebtedness. They also found that the farmers face a large number
of problems in availing institutional credit Farmer Suicides in Karnataka 5
18
which drives them to fall into the debt trap of the crafty and exploitative non-
institutional sources of credit.
Kumar et al., (2010) examined the performance of agricultural credit flow

and has identified the determinants of increased use of institutional credit at
the farm household level in India. The result indicated that the quantum of
institutional credit availed by the farming households was affected by a
number of socio-demographic factors which include education, farm size,
family size, caste, gender, occupation of household, etc.
Another study by Behere and Behere (2008) reported that various factors like
chronic indebtedness and the accumulation of inability to pay interest over
years and economic decline grain drain and the rising costs of agricultural
inputs and falling prices of agricultural produce lead to complications and
family disputes, depression and alcoholism, etc, and eventually are
responsible for suicides among the farmers. It was also seen that
compensation following suicide helped the family to repay debt. They also
opined that the causes are multi-factorial, cumulative, repetitive, and
progressive, leading an individual to a state of helplessness, worthlessness,
and hopelessness, obviously influenced by his social strengths and
weaknesses along with his mental health status.
According to Meeta and Rajivlochan (2006), some of the problems common

among the victims of suicide were (a) hopelessness in being unable to resolve
the dilemmas of personal life and an inability to find funds for various
activities or repay loans; (b) the absence of any person, group, or institution
to whom to turn to in order to seek reliable advice - whether for agricultural
operations or for seeking funds or for handling private and personal issues;
(c) little knowledge about institutional mechanisms like the Minimum
Support Price (MSP) that would affect marketing, technical knowledge and
no reliable sources from where such knowledge and advice could be
accessed; and (d) chronic alcoholism and drug abuse among the rural
population. Mohanty and Shroff (2004) revealed that though crop losses,
indebtedness, and market imperfections cause economic hardship to farmers;
social factors are also at work which leads in some cases to their suicides.
19
Sarah Hebous and Stefan Klonner empirically analyzed the various sources
of extreme economic distress in rural India by using district-level data on
farmers’ suicides to estimate the effects of transitory economic shocks and
structural change in agriculture on the incidence of suicides in farm
households. Rainfall conditions are used as an instrumental variable and it
was found that transitory spikes in poverty caused by a lack of rainfall
increase suicides among males and decrease suicides among female members
of farm households. However, the study concludes that the combined causal
effect of a poverty shock on suicides in farm households was found to be
positive. Also, a shift from subsistence crops to cash crops, especially cotton,
was found to be associated with a decrease in male suicides (Hebous and
Klonner, 2014)
20
CHAPTER - 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
21
Research methodology is a way to explain how the researcher intends to

conduct the research. A logical, systematic plan for solving a research
problem. Methodology details the researcher's approach to research to ensure
reliable, valid results that are consistent with goals and objectives. It includes
what information they will collect and from where, and how it is collected
and analysed
Title of the study

Farmers suicide in Karnataka and alternative forming
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
A statement of the problem is an explanation in research that describes the

issues that need to study.
The Problems faced by formers are:
 Long procedure to get a bank loan for Irrigation

 Price raise on chemicals and pesticides
 Change in climate ( floods and drought)
 Not getting the best price for crops
 Lack of market facility
 Not getting proper government support
Need for the study
 Find out the causes of farmers’ suicide in Karnataka
 To find out alternative methods of farming which aims in reducing the
farmer’s suicides
 To find out government schemes and programs to control farmer suicide in
Karnataka
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
Concerned with the agrarian crisis and farmers’ suicides in suicide-prone
states of India, on July 1, 2006, the government announced a rehabilitation
package to mitigate the distress-driven condition of farmers. The
22
rehabilitation package aimed at establishing a sustainable and viable farming

and livelihood support system through debt relief measures for farmers such
as complete institutional credit coverage, crop centric approach to
agriculture, assured irrigation facilities, effective watershed management,
better extension and farming support services, and subsidiary income
opportunities through horticulture, livestock, dairying, fisheries, and other
subsidiary activities. To alleviate thehardships faced by the debt-driven
families of farmers, ex-gratia assistance from the Prime Minister’s National
Relief Fund (PMNRF), and 50 lakh per district were also provided. Some
other programs to increase the flow of agricultural credit include Kisan
Credit Cards (KCC), revival packages for short-term cooperative credit
structures, concessional interest schemes, interest subvention schemes,
interest subvention against negotiable warehouse receipts, and so on. Despite
all these measures, farmer suicides remain a major challenge in India.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is the framework of research methods and techniques chosen
by a researcher to conduct a study. The design allows researchers to sharpen
the.
Now that we know the broadly classified types of research, Quantitative and
Qualitative Research can be divided into the following 4 major types of
Research Designs: Descriptive Research Design. Correlational Research
Design. Experimental Research Design.
A research design is a strategy for answering your research question using

empirical data. Creating a research design means making decisions about
Your overall research objectives and approach.
Research Design used in study -: Descriptive Research
23
SOURCES OF DATA
PRIMARY DATA
Primary data means collecting data the first time or the Researcher
conducting some interview, survey researcher himself is called primary data
I conducted Survey in Kolar District for collect data regarding farmers

suicide from the farmers I got various reasons and also they told that there
problems and what are benefits they need from government for better
agriculture cultivation.
SECONDARY DATA
Research data that has previously been generated and can be accessed by
researchers
For the collect of secondary data for I refer they various books , journals
newspapers, Magazines, and deportment agriculture both central and state
government websites and also refers they zilla panchayat Kolar Agriculture
Deportment.
SAMPLE DESIGN
Sample design is a defined plane for obtaining a sample given population
For sample design, I choose the method Judgemental sampling. Where I

conducted survey in villages.
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

Tools and techniques in research are the statistical methods of collection,
analysis, interpretation, present itself employee action, and organization data
For tools and techniques I have chosen
 Interviews
 Surveys
 Questionary
24
LIMITATIONS OF STUDY
The limitations of the study are those characteristics of design or
methodology that impacted or influenced the interpretation of the findings
from your research.
 The time constant
 Limited resources
 Lack of data
 No proper response from the farmers
Methodology
The Annual publication by National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is the

only primary source of data on farmer suicides in the country. The
publication of NCRB for the year 2020-2021 under the title “Accidental
deaths and suicides in India – 2020” is the latest data source available. Only
in this latest publication, the number of suicides of agricultural laborers and
farmers was furnished separately. In all other previous publications, NCRB
had recorded both these categories as self-employed. However, the
publication has not disaggregated the data at the district level. The NCRB
publication served as the source for data at all Indian levels. The source for
farmer suicides data for Karnataka state was furnished by the Department of
Agriculture, Karnataka. using multi-stage random sampling
The data of the Agricultural Department of Karnataka has been used for the
selection of victim families for primary data. Between the periods from 1st
July 2019 to 30th June 2020, the agriculture department reported 647 farmer
suicides. It may be mentioned that the agricultural department has a list of
only those victim households who have sought financial compensation from
the government. Hence, district-level secondary data used for Karnataka for
all purposes is limited to that extent.
Without exception, there were cases of farmer suicides in all 30 districts of

the state. However, half of the farmer suicides were reported in only six
25
districts out of 30 districts of Karnataka. All the districts had at least one
suicide and thus there was no district without suicide in the state. It may be
Declared that as per the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer welfare, the
government of Karnataka.
26
No of Farmers Suicide in Karnataka District wise

Name of Distrcit No of Farmers comitted sucide Total
Haveri 125 1490
Mandya 118 1490
Mysuru 113 1490
Kalburgi 75 1490
Hassan 74 1490
Chikkamagaluru 74 1490
Tumakuru 72 1490
Raichuru 69 1490
Chitradurga 69 1490
yadagiri 60 1490
Dharwad 60 1490
Shivamoga 60 1490
Bidar 54 1490
Vijaypura 47 1490
Davanagere 46 1490
Gadag 44 1490
Koppal 35 1490
Ramnagar 31 1490
Bagalkote 30 1490
Bellary 29 1490
Chikkaballpur 23 1490
Uttara Kannada 14 1490
Chamarajanagar 10 1490
Bengaluru Rural 9 1490
Bengaluru Urban 1 1490
Dakshina Kannada 9 1490
Udapi 9 1490
Kodagu 7 1490
Belagavi 112 1490
Kolar 11 1490
Total 1490
27
No of Farmers Suicide in Karnataka District wise
No of Farmers comitted sucide District

wise in karnataka 2016 -2017
125
118
113 112
75 74 74 72
69 69
60 60 60
54
47 46 44
35
31 30 29
23
14 11
10 9 9 9 7
ri ru n u ga ad r e al te ur ar 1
an pi vi
ve su sa ur ur da er pp lko llp ag rb da ga
Ha y s a k d rw Bi ag o a a n U U l a
M Ha um itr
a
Dh
a
an K g ab aj
a
ru Be
Ch
v Ba ikk ar lu
T Da h a
C am eng
Ch B
The above Bar Diagram Represents that Farmers Suicide in Karnataka

District wise in that Haveri District Records they highest number Suicides in
Karnataka and Belagavi stands they second highest farmers suicides in
Karnataka and Bengaluru Urban stand lowest farmers Suicides in Karnataka
28
Details of Compensation
Based on the Dr. G.K. Veeresh committee report, an amount of Rs. One lakh
was paid as compensation to the households of those farmers who committed
suicide during 2003-04 (GoK, 2002). Subsequently, effective from April
2015, the compensation amount was increased to Rs.2 lakhs per victim
household. But the amount was later revised to Rs.5 lakhs in October 2015.
The district-wise details of compensation for the year 2015-16 are given in
Table 2.2. Out of the total reported farmer suicides in Karnataka (1490), 53
per cent of the cases have been accepted for giving compensation as the
suicides have happened due to farming related reasons. A compensation of
Rs.5 lakh has been distributed to these victim households amounting to
Rs.3920 lakhs for the entire state. It is to note that in the case of 20 per cent
of the victims the decision is pending regarding compensation and for 27 per
cent of the victims the applications have been rejected. This rejection was
due to non-farming related causes for committing suicide
29
The Government of Karnataka Reported SuicideCase in

Karnataka District Wise in 2016 – 2017 For Composition
Reported case 2016 - 2017
125
118
112 113
74 72 74 75
69 69
60 60 60
54
46 47 44
35
31 29 30
23
14
11 9 9 9 10 7
1
ab lak y
am ys u
m an
itt ga u
du u
da u
(U gu
D m r
Ch Ba Bel gr
ks lur nn r
ur o r
ja re
la e
lg i
ich gi
Sh B iri
ng a K Ko a
na R a
Ha ya
Tu ass vi
Da arwoga
n da
Ga ura
an l
ar U da
i
am nna )
)
aN p
B e er
Ka rga
m pa
Ra Kop g
an
iva ida
Da a a la
al K aga
ikk ga lar
hi u ( ad
ikk M kur
r
Ch a ur
ra lur
Ya ur
al ot
Ka ura
h a
Ra bur
da
aj da
pu
Vi a g e
a
g
d
u da
va a
v
yp
rb
an
l
M
Be ttar
Ch
ng
U
Ch
Be
The above Bar Diagram Shows that District Wise in 2016 – 2017 For
Composnation in that District wise in that Haveri District Records they
highest number Suicides in Karnataka and Belagavi stands they second
30
highest farmers suicides in Karnataka and Bengaluru Urban stand lowest

farmers Suicides in Karnataka
Accepted case By Government of Karnataka for Composition

by District Wise in the Year of 2016 - 2017
Accepted Case
73 74
61
56
45 44 42 44
38 37
30 29
27
22 22
17 18 20
13 14
9 10 8 8
4 6 8 4
a ri vi n u u u i u ri r a a e a l r y e a r a l) 0a i r u 1)
ndy ave lga ssa kur sur alur urga burg hur agi ida og ad ger pur dag ppa nag llar kot pur Kola nad ura nad dap aga dag ban
a e a a y l i c d B m w a y a K m B e al a alla
o a n R n U aN Ko (Ur
M H B h um M mag rad Ka Ra Ya r a
iva Da van Vij G a g b Ka ru ( Ka aj u
T tt h a R a a ar
a i
kk Ch
S D B kka r alu ina ur
hi h i tt a
n g ks h a m g al
C C U e a Ch n
B D Be
The above Bar Diagram Shows that District Wise in 2016 – 2017
farmers suicide Accepted case by governament of karnataka Deportment of
agriculture in mysour District govenament accepted more cases and
Bengaluru Urban District govenament accepted less cases for componsation
31
The Government of Karnataka Rejected Number of cases By
District Wise for the Composition In the year of 2016 -

2017
Rejected Case
50
35
31
26
22 23
21 21
19 19 18
15 14 15 13
10 11
9
7 7
4 5
3 3 2 2 3
a ri vi n u u u i u ri r a a e a l 1r y e a 0r a l) a i r u 0)
ndy ave lga ssa kur sur alur urga burg hur agi ida og ad ger pur dag ppa nag llar kot pur Kola nad ura nad dap aga dag ban
a e a a y l ic d B am rw na jay Ga Ko a Be ala lla n R n U aN Ko (Ur
M H B h um M mag rad Ka Ra Ya iv Da va Vi am g ba Ka ru ( Ka aj u
T tt h a R a a ar
a
kk Ch
i S D B kk a
ar galu hin
a ur
hi h i tt n s a m g al
C C U e a k Ch n
B D Be
32
farmers suicide Componsation Rejected case in governament of karnataka in
govenament was rejects more cases in Chithradurga District and less cases in
Bengaluru urban District
District Wise pending Case for Composition In Karnataka

In The Year Of 2016 - 2017
Pending Case
34
28
25 26 24
18
14 15
13
10 11 11 11
7 6 7 8
6 6 5
2 3 3 2 2
0 1 0 0 0
farmers suicide Componsation Pending case in governament of karnataka in
govenament was rejects more cases for pending for componsation Haveri
District and less cases in Bengaluru urban And Kodagu District
33
Farmers Compostion cases in Karnataka

Status 2016 - 2017
Pending
Case
20%
Accepted
Case
53%
Rejected
Case
27%
In The year 2016 – 2017, the government of Karnataka Department of

Agriculture Reported 1490 Farmers Suicide Cases in the District wise in that
784 members are got Composition and 408 Cases are Rejected By
Agriculture Deportment and Still now 298 cases are pending still now they
did not get composition By the Department of Agriculture By the
government of Karnataka.
34
The Main Causes of Farmers suicides in Karnataka are
Sl Percentage
no Causes
1 Failure of Crops 49.8%
And Price Crash
2 Due To Natural 17.8%
Calamities
3 Bore well Failure 1.87%
4 Lack of 1.87%
Extension Service
5 Daughter 8%
marriage
6 Other Problems 20.8%
Total 100%
35
Causes For Farmers Suicide Percentage

60.00% 49.80%
40.00%
17.80% 20.80%
20.00% 8.00%
1.87% 1.87%
0.00%
ps es re ce ge m
s
ro iti i lu vi r ia le
C am Fa er ar ob
of al el
l S Pr
re lC on rm er
ilu ra
w si ht
e
th
Fa tu re en g O
Bo xt u
Na E Da
To of
e ck
Du La
 Failure Of Crops and Price Crash
The failure of crops and price crash was the main cause of farmers’ suicide in
Karnataka Why because the farmers Grow the crops due to natural disasters
times we will get more floods and all the crops will be destroyed and some
due to the drought also crops also destroyed and some times farmers will
grow crops very well but decrease the price of the crops in the market also
leads to more loss so this one of the reasons for the farmers suicide in
Karnataka.
 Due to the natural climates and climate change
climate change is also affecting farmers and agriculture. Uncertain monsoon

systems, flash floods, etc. have led to crop losses. Deferred monsoon also
causes production shortfalls regularly.
 Due to the bore well failure and Water crisis
36
Due to the bore well failure and Water crisis look at the figures for suicides
also reveal that there is a concentration of suicides in water-deficient regions
like Maharashtra and Karnataka. Failing monsoons only add to the woes of
the farmers. Interstate water disputes also cause unnecessary distress on the
farmers. Water shortage has led to a failure to meet production demands.
 Lack of awareness
while there are schemes and policies aimed at helping farmers, a lack of
awareness pushed by the literacy and digital divide in India, is proving to be
an obstacle in improving a lot of farmers, especially marginal and small ones.
They are unaware of the schemes, or do not know how to avail of the benefits
offered to them by the government, and thus suffer
 Daughter Marriage
The daughter’s marriage was one of the main reasons for the farmer suicide
in Karnataka why because they borrow money from banks and other
institutions and they not able to repay the loan when bank come the
recovered that they will suicide so this is one of the reasons for the farmers
suicide in Karnataka
The above Bar Diagram shows that main reasons for farmers suicide in
Karnataka, the Research Shows that Failure of Crops and Price Crash Was
main reasons for farmers suicide in Karnataka
37
Chapter – 4
Data Analysis and interpolation
38
Data:
In general, data is a distinct piece of information that is gathered and
translated for some purpose. If data is not formatted in a specific way, it does
not valuable to computers or humans. Data can be available in terms of
different forms, such as bits and bytes stored in electronic memory, numbers
or text on pieces of paper, or facts stored in a person's mind. Since the
invention of computers, people have used the word data to mean computer
information, and this information is transmitted or stored.
Data analysis
Data Analysis is the process of systematically applying statistical or logical
techniques to describe and illustrate, condense and recap, and evaluate data.
An essential component of ensuring data integrity is the accurate and
appropriate analysis of research findings.
Interpretation of data:
Interpretation means explanation or finding out the meaning. It
involves drawing inferences from the analysis of data. The interpretation and
39
data analysis are closely interlinked. Analysis of data often includes a

simultaneous interpretation of results.
For the data collection I collected data from the Kolar and Bengaluru Rural
District, I Collected the data from both male and female farmers and
collected nearly one hundred to one hundred fifty responds in that chosen the
fourty one responds.
Table 1
Table 2 was the classification responses was based on age
Sl no Age of Number Percentage

responding of of total
in years Response
1 18 – 25 37 90.2%
2 26 – 40 2 4.9%
3 41 – 60 2 4.9%
4 61 - 80 0 -
Total 100%
40
Interpretation:
The different age group of respondents are considering for collection of date
is from 18 – 80 years of people are collected from different age group of
people in various villages in Karnataka in that we got forty-one responds
Table –
The table represents different methods of farming agriculture in

Karnataka
Sl no Different Number of Total

methods Respondents Percentage
Farming
1 Traditional 25 69%
Method
farming
2 The 16 31%
Modern
Method of
41
farming
Total 41 100%
Interpretation:
The Above table shows that still now also in Karnataka more than 61% of
people now also practice the traditional method of agriculture only and 39%
of people only practice doing modern method of agriculture
Table – 3
Main Problems for Farmers Suicide in Karnataka
Sl no Main problems for the Total

farmers Suicide Percentage
1 Crop Failure 14.6%
2 Debt Burden 31.7%
3 Failure of bore wells 7.3%
4 Price crash 34.1%
5 Other Problems 12%
Total 100%
42
Interpretation: The above pie chart shows the Reasons for farmers’
suicide in Karnataka the main reasons are Debt Burden, Crop Failure,
Failure of bore wells, Failure of bore wells, Others
Table – 4
Awareness of Government Schemes in Farmers in Karnataka
Sl no Awareness Number of Total

various people percentage
Government aware
Schemes for
Farmers
1 More 7 17.1%
awareness
2 Average 21 51.2%
awareness
3 Less 13 31.7%
43
awareness
Total 41 100%
Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the awareness government schemes for the
farmers in Karnataka don’t have more awareness of the government schemes
Only 17.1% of people have more awareness of various on government
schemes in the same time 51.2% of people have average awareness of
government schemes and 31.7% people have less awareness about new
government schemes in Karnataka
44
Table – 5
Awareness of Government Schemes in Farmers in Karnataka
Sl Awareness of Total
no Government
Schemes in
percentage
Farmers in
Karnataka
1 Pradhan Mantri 39%

Fasal Bhima
Yojana (PMFBY)
2 National agriculture 26.8%
Market (e - NAM)
3 Pradhan Mantri 19.5%
Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana(PMKSY)
4 Other Programs 14.6%
Total 100%
Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows that awareness farmers various government
schemes Both central and state government schemes, in that 39% of people
have more awareness about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bhima Yojana(PMFBY)
and 26.8% people have awareness about National Agriculture Market (e -
NAM) and 19.5% have awareness about Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee
Yojana (PMKSY) and 14.6% people have an awareness others schemes in
Karnataka
45
Table - 6
Awareness of New Technology In Agriculture for farmers in
Karnataka
Sl no Type of new technology The total

percentage of
people aware
1 Drones 22%
2 Agriculture Robotics 17.%
3 Agriculture 28.6%
Biotechnology
4 Other technology 34.1%
Total 100%
Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows that in Karnataka the farmers adopting new
technology in the field of agriculture like Drones, Agriculture Robotics,
Agriculture Biotechnology and other technology for growing crops in the
agriculture field for reducing labour cost and for more yield
46
Table – 7
other Alternative Farming Methods practicing farmers in Karnataka
Sl Alternative Total
no Farming number of
Methods percentage
1 Beekeeping 7.3%
2 Dairy farming 43.3%
3 Poultry farming 19.5%
4 Sericulture 17.1%
5 Other farming 12.2%
Total 100%
Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows that in Karnataka the farmers in Karnataka
farmers are cultivating other farm of agriculture are Beekeeping, dairy
farming, poultry farming, Sericulture, and other farming method in there
agriculture lands for better income
47
Table 8
Sources of irrigation in Karnataka
Sl Source of Total
No Irrigation number of
percentage
1 Bore well 52%
2 Rain 30%
3 Canal 7%
4 River 3%
5 Others 8%
Total 100%
Sources of irrgation
Others
River 8%
Canal 3%
7% Bore well
Rain
Bore well
52% Canal
Rain River
30% Others
Interpretation:
In the above pie chart shows that in Karnataka 52% of farmers using bore
wells are there main source of irrigation in agriculture field and 30% of
farmers still they are depend rain only for the irrigation of the agriculture
and some farmers also depend canals and rivers for there irrigation.
48
Chapter - 5
Business Proposition And
Sustainable Solution
49
Business Plan
Executive summary
F2B is a business platform that connects farmers to direct retail outlets
across India where there will no brokers farmers save the commission
amount here farmers connect corporate retile outlets and they sell their fruits
and vegetables.
Vision
Our company vision was farmers must sell their products without any
brokers and middle man and they can save commission amounts brokers and
farmers must double their income and farmers don’t want to depend on
anyone to sell there products and farmers can sell their Acores India
Key to Success
F2B has identified several keys to success that will be instrumental in
creating a sustainable business. If these keys are followed, the likelihood of
success will significantly increase.
1. Offer solutions that are demanded by farmers.

2. Ensure all of the solutions have economic growth considerations built
into the respective poltform
3. Only provide 100% farmers satisfaction. And All farmers must have
their expectations exceeded
Objectives
F2B has identified two objectives that it will pursue for the long-term success
of the business:
 F2B will become the leading platform farmers and Consumers

 It will reach the point of sustainable profit
 Reach profitability within three years.
50
Target Market
The target market target audiences are major retail outlets and major hotels
they purchase there need fruits and vegetables directly from farmers
without paying any commission from farmers
Company Summary
F2B company was based in the agriculture sector the company

mainly started to break down the commission agents in the
agriculture sectors between farmers and consumers
Financial Plan
The following sections will outline the important Financial
Assumptions.
To start our new business model we need 1 million rupees As in

initial capital as to start the business and it will take grow as a
minimum of 2-3 years in that time we see the company in profit
Company growth chart 3 years
Year Sales Growth

rate
percentage
1 1000000 0
2 2500000 40%
3 7500000 33%
4 15000000 50%
51
Company balance sheet
Assets Year 1 Year 2

Current assets
Cash 1000000 2500000
Other current assets 0 0
Total current assets 1000000 2500000
Long term assets
Long term assets 250000 300000
Accumulated depreciation 18000 50000
Total long term assets 732000 2150000
Total assets 1000000 2500000
Liabilities and capital
Account payable 300000 1000000
Current borrowing 200000 500000
Other current liabilities 0 200000
Subtotal current liabilities 500000 1700000
Long term liabilities 0 0
Total liabilities 500000 1700000
Paid in capital
Retaining earnings 100000 300000
Earnings 400000 500000
Total capital 500000 800000
Total liabilities and capital 1000000 2500000
52
The Sustainable Solutions In Agriculture are
Alternative Farming methods in Agriculture

Mixed Farming
Mixed farming its one of the types of farming which involves growing of
crops and livestock, Beekeeping, poultry farming in same land If the farmers
will adopt this farming method means farmers multiple there income how
means if farmers have two acres of land he want diving that land into four
equal parts in that he should he want grow different of crops in same time we
want start poultry form and beekeeping means he can double is income
Multiple Cropping
Multiple Cropping was the new method of growing crops how means, if the
farmers have two acres of land, means in that in the same land want grow
four different crops same time means if the crop fails means they can earn
money from other crops in the same time
Hydroponics
Hydroponics is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture that
involves growing plants, usually crops or medicinal plants, without soil, by
using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in
aqueous solvents. Terrestrial or aquatic plants may grow with
their roots exposed to the nutritious liquid or in addition, the roots may be
mechanically supported by an inert medium such as perlite, gravel, or
other substrates
From 1943 to 1946, Daniel I. Arnon served as a major in the United States
Army and used his prior expertise with plant nutrition to feed troops
stationed on barren Ponape Island in the western Pacific by growing crops in
gravel and nutrient-rich water because there was no arable land available.
53
In the 1960s, Allen Cooper of England developed the nutrient film technique.
The Land Pavilion at Walt Disney World's EPCOT Center opened in 1982
and prominently features a variety of hydroponic techniques
There are two main variations for each medium: sub-irrigation and
top irrigation. For all techniques, most hydroponic reservoirs are now built of
plastic, but other materials have been used, including concrete, glass, metal,
vegetable solids, and wood. The containers should exclude light to prevent
algae and fungal growth in the nutrient solution.
Aeroponics
Aeroponics was a new method doing agriculture by growing plants in air

Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in the air or mist environment
without soil or an aggregate medium. The word "aeroponic" is derived from
the Greek meanings of aer ("air") and ponos ("labour"). It is a subset
of hydroponics, since water is used in aeroponics to transmit nutrients
The basic principle of aeroponic growing is to grow plants suspended in a
closed or semi-closed environment by spraying the plant's dangling roots and
lower stem with an atomized or sprayed, nutrient-rich water solution.[1] The
leaves and crown, often called the canopy, extend above. The roots of the
plant are separated by the plant support structure. Often, closed-cell foam is
compressed around the lower stem and inserted into an opening in the
aeroponic chamber, which decreases labour and expense; for larger
plants, trellising is used to suspend the weight of vegetation and fruit.
NASA has funded research and development of new advanced materials to
improve aeroponic reliability and maintenance reduction. It also has
determined that high pressure hydro-atomized mist of 5–50 micrometres
micro-droplets is necessary for long-term aeroponic growing.
Poultry farming
Poultry farming was one of the important alternative farming agriculture why
because the poultry farm always generate more income why because in India
more than 60% of people will eat chicken, in India
54
Poultry farming is a form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated

birds such chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to
produce meat or eggs for food.
Current scenario. The recent annual data shows that India ranks 3rd in the
world in egg production and 5th in chicken meat production. The growth rate
of the layer market is 6 to 7 percent per annum and broiler market is 8 to 10
percent per annum.
Organic Farming
Organic farming, also known as ecological farming or biological farming
Organic farming was one of the important methods of agriculture because

because for organic products have more demand in would now days people
are more concentrating on organic agriculture products for the good health
India is home to 30% of total organic producers in the world having 2.30
million ha. Total organic cultivation area, 27, 59,660 total farmers
Agriculture was practiced for thousands of years without the use of artificial
chemicals. Artificial fertilizers were first developed during the mid-19th
century. These early fertilizers were cheap, powerful, and easy to transport in
bulk. Similar advances occurred in chemical pesticides in the 1940s, leading
to the decade being referred to as the 'pesticide era'. These new agricultural
techniques, while beneficial in the short-term, had serious longer-term side-
effects such as soil compaction, erosion, and declines in overall soil fertility,
along with health concerns about toxic chemicals entering the food supply. : 10
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, soil biology scientists began to seek ways
to remedy these side effects while still maintaining higher production.
In 1921 the founder and pioneer of the organic movement Albert Howard and
his wife Gabrielle Howard, accomplished botanists, founded an Institute of
Plant Industry to improve traditional farming methods in India. Among other
things, they brought improved implements and improved animal husbandry
methods from their scientific training; then by incorporating aspects of Indian
55
traditional methods, developed protocols for the rotation of crops, erosion

prevention techniques, and the systematic use of composts and manures.
Stimulated by these experiences of traditional farming, when Albert Howard
returned to Britain in the early 1930s, he began to promulgate a system of
organic agriculture
For cultivating the crops also need less money compared to modern
agriculture and we can also sell fruits and vegetables at high cost and
government also gives more subsidies for growing agriculture products
56
Chapter – 6
Findings, Suggestions, And Conclusion
57
The Suggestions Are

The Suggestions for farmers are to Adaption of new modern technology In
the felid of agriculture to double the farmers income and reduce the
more labour cost and farmers must use new technology in the field of
Agriculture Such as Drones, Tractors, Modern Greenhouses Technology,
Artificial Intelligence, Black chain technology to tracks crops
Drones
Drones are mainly used to monitor crops, spray fertilizers and pesticides,
etc. They are called unmanned aerial vehicles, and they are as per their
definition. This latest trend in agriculture and agricultural technology is
revolutionizing farming tech by reducing the amount of labour required to
grow a crop.
Tractors
The tractors are mainly use for the reduce of time and cost labour and quick
cultivation in the field of agriculture
Farm automation, often associated with “smart farming”, is technology that makes
farms more efficient and automates the crop or livestock production cycle. An
increasing number of companies are working on robotics innovation to develop
drones, autonomous tractors, robotic harvesters, automatic watering, and seeding
robots. Although these technologies are fairly new, the industry has seen an
increasing number of traditional agriculture companies adopt farm automation into
their processes.
New advancements in technologies ranging from robotics and drones to computer

vision software have completely transformed modern agriculture. The primary goal
of farm automation technology is to cover easier, mundane tasks. Some major
technologies that are most commonly being utilized by farms include: harvest
automation, autonomous tractors, seeding and weeding, and drones. Farm
automation technology addresses major issues like a rising global population, farm
labour shortages, and changing consumer preferences. The benefits of automating
58
traditional farming processes are monumental by tackling issues from consumer

preferences, labour shortages, and the environmental footprint of farming.
Modern Greenhouses Technology
In recent decades, the Greenhouse industry has been transforming from small scale
facilities used primarily for research and aesthetic purposes (i.e., botanic gardens) to
significantly more large-scale facilities that compete directly with land-based
conventional food production. Combined, the entire global greenhouse market
currently produces nearly US $350 billion in vegetables annually, of which U.S.
production comprises less than one percent.
Nowadays, in large part due to the tremendous recent improvements in growing

technology, the industry is witnessing a blossoming like no time before.
Greenhouses today are increasingly emerging that are large-scale, capital-infused,
and urban-centered.
As the market has grown dramatically, it has also experienced clear trends in recent
years. Modern greenhouses are becoming increasingly tech-heavy, using LED lights
and automated control systems to perfectly tailor the growing
Artificial Intelligence
The rise of digital agriculture and its related technologies has opened a
wealth of new data opportunities. Remote sensors, satellites, and UAVs can
gather information 24 hours per day over an entire field. These can monitor
plant health, soil condition, temperature, humidity, etc. The amount of data
these sensors can generate is overwhelming, and the significance of the
numbers is hidden in the avalanche of that data.
The idea is to allow farmers to gain a better understanding of the situation on the
ground through advanced technology (such as remote sensing) that can tell them
more about their situation than they can see with the naked eye. And not just more
accurately but also more quickly than seeing it walking or driving through the fields.
59
Remote sensors enable algorithms to interpret a field's environment as statistical

data that can be understood and useful to farmers for decision-making. Algorithms
process the data, adapting and learning based on the data received. The more inputs
and statistical information collected, the better the algorithm will be at predicting a
range of outcomes. And the aim is that farmers can use this artificial intelligence to
achieve their goal of a better harvest through making better decisions in the field
Black chain technology
Blockchain technologies can track all types of information about plants, such
as seed quality, and crop growth, and even generate a record of the journey of
the plant after it leaves the farm. This data can improve supply chain
transparency and eliminate concerns associated with illegal and unethical
operations.
Blockchain technology in agriculture market like distributed ledgers and

smart contracts have the ability to weed out counterfeits in agri-food
production and supply chains, handing healthier products to consumers,
generating trust between business players, and enabling a better life at a
global scale.
How Blockchain Technology Can Revolutionize Agriculture Sector?
Blockchain is a technology that can bring breakthroughs in the Agri sector

with its potential. By allowing information to be traced across the agricultural
supply chain, blockchain agriculture enhances food safety. The ability of
blockchain to store and manage data allows for traceability, which is used to
aid in the development and implementation of intelligent farming and index-
based crop insurance systems.
Why blockchain technology can be the game-changer for boostering

farming in India?
While the food goes through many different players on its journey from the
farm to the food plate, there is a strong urge by consumers today to know
60
what are they eating. Also, as supply chains have become longer, any user
becomes more concerned about the origin and journey of the produce.
Blockchain is the only way that traceability can be brought reliably to farm
produce with the distributed market architecture.
IoT devices and sensors are being introduced by agritech companies, and
blockchain technology can be used to consolidate data on a variety of topics,
including seed quality, crop tracking, and the path of crops from the farm to
the market.
Apart from increasing transparency in the food supply chain, blockchain

technology can also improve security by prohibiting unethical crop
production and distribution, which endangers farmers' livelihoods.
Consumers will be able to make more educated decisions thanks to
blockchain's data collection, and they may even be able to help small-scale
farmers who are often in need of food and financial security.
Before the data can be preserved, it must first be formatted and made
comprehensible. Blockchain technology makes it easier to add meta
information to data and structure. It can be saved after that, making
compliance enforcement easier. Data compliance ensures that the
information gathered is kept secure and secured.
Satellite Imaging
As remote satellite imaging has become more sophisticated, it’s allowed for
real-time crop imagery. This isn’t just bird’s-eye-view snapshots but images
in resolutions of 5-meter-pixels and even greater. Crop imagery lets a farmer
examine crops as if he or she were standing there without actually standing
there. Even reviewing images on a weekly basis can save a farm a
considerable amount of time and money. Additionally, this technology can be
integrated with crop, soil and water sensors so that the farmers can receive
61
notifications along with appropriate satellite images when danger thresholds

are met.
This are the new technology in the field of agriculture we can adopt this
technology for better cultivation of crops and tracking of crops and reduce
labour cost more yield and complete work less time compare traditional
method of agriculture
My suggestions for reducing for the farmers

suicide in Karnataka are
 Government must new more District co-operative central bank

(DCC) in villages
The government of Karnataka must new district co-operative central banks

must for every eight-ten villages new branch because because the DCC banks
will provide interest-free loans for the farmers without any securities up to
200000 of loan amount and its also loan facility for Microloans women in the
form Sri Shakthi Mahila Sangha for the district central co-operative
bank loan up 100000 with free interest frothier substantial development
Government
The government of Karnataka must open More gramine

banks
The government of must focus on opening new Karnataka gramine bank

branches at every panchayathi why do the gramine banks only give more
importance to farmer welfare and development and it will give loans to
farmers at very loan interest compared to the other commercial banks.
Government must construct more cold Storage warehouses at

every taluk Head Quarters
62
The government must focus to contract cold storage warehouse at every taluk
quarter why in Karnataka we have only limited cold storage facilities that
also there in major cities but farmers can’t offers why because they are very
fore from cultivation land and they also charge very high cost so that only
should open cold storage warehouse at taluk headquarters
Government must expend minimum support price on all the crops now in
Karnataka government gave only for limited crops in a same government
must extend all the fruits and vegetables and the government should focus on
improving APMC Yards in digital
The farmers should focus Adopt new technology in the agriculture field such
as water management by Adopting drip irrigation and spring irrigation,
surface irrigation and using modern equipment such as drones, tractors,
Combine or Combine Harvester, Rotavator or Rotary Tiller, Plough or Plow,
Tractor Trailer, Power Harrow, Leveler, water bowser, ripper machine, and
disc harrow. And artificial intelligence crop tracking
63
Suggestions from various people How to Reduce the

Farmers Suicide in Karnataka
 By Adopting new technology in Agriculture

 Providing the main preparence for the farmers the government should provide
various programmes for farmers
 Government must fixe faire price for the crops
 Farmers must grow the mixed crops
 By providing proper price to the crops
 Government must fixe Minimum support Price
 By providing special incentive for agriculture
 Farmers are not getting amount that they spent on farming and even they cant
able to afford a education for their children, and main thing is they are not
getting profit from farming
 Government must fix the MSP price for fruits and vegetables
 By Adopting New technology in the field of agriculture
 Government Must give more subsides for purchase for new modern
equipment’s
64
Conclusion
In India the farmers are back on nation and also India is an Agriculture
country around 58% of the Indian population depends on only Agriculture
but in rural India, more than 70% of people depend on agriculture only. in
India, the agriculture sector contributes 20.2ofd the Gross domestic product
(GDP). In Karnataka Agriculture plays an important role in the
economy Karnataka, contributing 28 percent of the gross domestic product
more than 60 percent population of Karnataka depends on only agriculture
Karnataka. As my research still some people are not aware
government various schemes and other benefits and farmers also not only
adopting any new technology still more 60% people only following
traditional method of agriculture and farmers not using new technologies in
agriculture such as drones and artificial interlines and government give more
traing farmers about new technologies and government must fix the
minimum support price for all the fruits and vegetables and government must
give more awareness about the new schemes and benefits to the farmers
65
Questionnaires
The Questionnaires are Asked collected from the Public
1. Name
2. Place
3. Mobile Number
4. Age
 18 - 25
 26 - 40
 41 - 60
 61 – 80
4. Method of Farming Agriculture

 Traditional Method Of Agriculture
 Modern Method of Agriculture
6. Main Problems For Farmers Suicide in Karnataka

 Crop Failure
 Debt Burden
 Failure of Bore Wells
 Price Crash
 Other Problems
Awareness of Major Government Schemes
7. Awareness of Government Schemes

 More Awareness
 Average
 Less Awareness
 8. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bhima Yojana (PMFBY)

 National agriculture Market (e - NAM)
 Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
 Other Programs
9. Aware of New Technology In Agriculture

 Drones
 Agriculture Robotics
 Agriculture Biotechnology
66
 Other Technology
10. Which are other Alternative Farming Methods

 Beekeeping
 Dairy Farming
 Poultry Farming
 Sericulture
 Other Farming
11. sources of Irrigation
 Bore well
 Rain
 Canal
 Rivers
 Others
12. How to Reduce The Farmers Suicide in Karnataka
Bibliography
https://raitamitra.karnataka.gov.in
https://agricoop.nic.in/en
https://ncrb.gov.in/
https://www.karnataka.gov.in/english
67

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“Farmers Suicide In Karnataka And Alternative Farming”

A STUDY ON FARMER SUICIDE AND

For the degree of

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

ACHARYA BANGLORE B SCHOOL

This is to certify that the SRP titled “FORMERS SUICIDE IN

Dr. K. Ravichandran Dr. H R

I hereby declare that “FORMERS SUICIDE IN KARNATAKA AND

Place: Bengaluru Bharath kumar V

First, I would like to express my heartily gratitude to our Director Dr H.R.

Sl no particular Page number

LIST OF PIE CHARTS AND BAR DAIGRAMS

India is an Agriculture country around 58% of the Indian population depends

In Karnataka Agriculture plays an important role in the economy Karnataka,

agricultural regions, particularly Mandya, Hassan, Shivamogga, Davanagere,

Farmer suicide has turned out to be a major socioeconomic concern in India

Number of suicides and indebtedness in major suicide prone

25000 No. of Farmers suicide in India during 2020-

The NCRB publication of 2021 reported 164033 farmer suicides in the

The NCRB publication of 2021 reported 164033 farmer suicides in the

In recent years, many cases of farmers’ suicide have been reported in a

Most studies on suicides fail to look at the phenomena from an

Another way of analysing the causes of suicides requires understanding the

interpretative in nature. Although there is an availability of empirical data,

due to a lack of sufficient understanding of the trends and complex patterns,

Vasavi states that bewilderment, loss of meaning, and uncertainty among

Macharia (2015) investigated that majority of small and marginal farmers

Kanthi (2014) in his study on the economics of agriculture and farmers’

Mohanty (2014) in a study conducted in the Amravati and Yavatmal districts

Kumar et al., (2010) examined the performance of agricultural credit flow

According to Meeta and Rajivlochan (2006), some of the problems common

Research methodology is a way to explain how the researcher intends to

Title of the study

A statement of the problem is an explanation in research that describes the

The Problems faced by formers are:

 Long procedure to get a bank loan for Irrigation

rehabilitation package aimed at establishing a sustainable and viable farming

A research design is a strategy for answering your research question using

Research Design used in study -: Descriptive Research

I conducted Survey in Kolar District for collect data regarding farmers

For sample design, I choose the method Judgemental sampling. Where I

TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

The Annual publication by National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is the

Without exception, there were cases of farmer suicides in all 30 districts of

No of Farmers Suicide in Karnataka District wise

No of Farmers Suicide in Karnataka District wise

No of Farmers comitted sucide District

The above Bar Diagram Represents that Farmers Suicide in Karnataka

The Government of Karnataka Reported SuicideCase in

Reported case 2016 - 2017

highest farmers suicides in Karnataka and Bengaluru Urban stand lowest

Accepted case By Government of Karnataka for Composition

The Government of Karnataka Rejected Number of cases By

District Wise for the Composition In the year of 2016 -

District Wise pending Case for Composition In Karnataka

Farmers Compostion cases in Karnataka

In The year 2016 – 2017, the government of Karnataka Department of

The Main Causes of Farmers suicides in Karnataka are

Causes For Farmers Suicide Percentage

 Failure Of Crops and Price Crash

 Due to the natural climates and climate change

climate change is also affecting farmers and agriculture. Uncertain monsoon

 Due to the bore well failure and Water crisis