CHAPTER 1: QUALITY LAUDRY clothes and other materials.
They help reduce
Lesson 1: Laundry Process, Materials, Supplies,
Equipment, and Tools
Laundry involves the washing of any kind of fabric.
It is considered one of the major household chores
requiring time, energy, and requirements.
Laundry Process
(1) Prepare the clothes to be laundered.
(2) Read the label of the clothes to Establish what
is suitable for the different items.
(3) Check the clothes for any damages that should
be repaired. Remove contents of pockets.
(4) Check, too, for any stains and deal with these
first.
(5) Sort clothes. Separate washable items from
those to be dry-cleaned. Then separate hand
wash items, such as delicate fabrics, from
machine washable goods.
(6) Soak the clothes in water to loosen the dirt.
(7) Hand-wash delicate items in lukewarm water
using a mild detergent or soap flakes, keep
colored items separate at all times until
completely dry.
(8) Stains may be removed by soaking in warm
water and heavy-duty washing powder or
bleach.
(9) Rinse clothes with cold water twice or thrice to
remove soap.
(10) Hang clothes to dry.
(11) Spraying starch solution to clothes before
or during ironing adds stiffness and glossiness
to the clothes.
Laundry Materials and Supplies
(1) Laundry soap and detergent. These are basic
cleaning used to remove dirt and stains from
and kill microorganisms in fabric. They come in
different forms like liquid or bar soap and
powdered detergents.
(2) Big wash basin or tub. Wash basins are
commonly made from plastic, tin, or aluminum
and are usually used for hand-washing
laundry. Wash tubs are usually tile or made of
ceramic material. Both basins and tubs come
in different shapes and sizes.
(3) Laundry brush or scrub. This is helpful in
removing stains and sticky materials that stuck
in the fabric. This commonly used for denims
and other hard and thick fabric.
(4) Hamper or laundry basket. This used as
container for soiled and laundered garments. It
comes in different forms and shapes.
(5) Clothes hanger and clothespin. These help in
drying laundered fabrics. Use hangers to dry
creases and wrinkles in clothes. Clothespin
keep clothes in place while hanged in a
clothesline to dry.
(6) Clothesline. This can be a thick wire or rope
made of fiber or nylon. Make sure that the
clothesline is setup firmly to withstand the
weight of wet laundered materials.
(7) Drying rack. This is usually used for indoor
drying. It comes in different sizes and height.
Laundry Equipment and Tools
(1) Washing machine
(2) Clothes dryer
(3) Iron
(4) Ironing board
Lesson 2: Laundry Basins
Soaking Clothes
Soaking loosens the dirt from clothes. Soak
clothes either in a big pail completely immersed in
water, or in the washing machine.
Bleaching
Always follow the manufacturer’s instruction for
dilution. Dilute bleach before using it.
Hand Washing
Using A Washing Machine
Rinsing
Drying Your Clothes
Dry Cleaning
Ironing
Eco-Friendly Laundry Tips
Stain Removal
Lesson 3: Laundry as a Business
Industrial laundry business require a large
amount of money. This type employs tunnel
washers, also called continuous batch washers,
that are made to handle heavy loads. Hotels and
hospitals are usually the clients of industrial
laundry businesses.
Commercial laundry business type uses washing
machines that are commonly found in appliance
centers. Most clients of this type are walk-ins.
Home-based or residential type of laundry
business likewise uses the common washing
machine sold in the market.
 CHAPTER 2: BASIC INTERIOR DESIGN

Lesson 1: Basic Design Concepts

The elements of art:

A Line is characterized by a mark or stroke. It

consists of two connected points. Every line has
length, width, and direction. Lines can be
horizontal, vertical, diagonal, zigzag, crooked, or
curved.

Color largely contributes to the visual impact and

beauty of an artwork. Color also give emphasis to
create hierarchy. Designers use the color wheel as
a guide in mixing colors.

All objects are composed of shapes and all other

design elements are shapes in some way.
Mechanical shapes are shapes created with circles
or part of circles and straight line—rectangle,
triangle, and the like. These are also called
geometric shapes, are human-made. These can be
simple or complex. Organic shapes, on the other
hand, are shapes with a natural look, flowing and
curving appearances.

Texture is the way you feel or perceive about a

surface. It can be added to a design or object to
attract or repel interest to an element. Tactile
texture is three-dimensional feel of a surface. It
can be touched. Visual texture is the illusion
shown on the surface of a material.

Principles of Design

Unity refers to the state where all parts of an

artwork agree with the total design.

Rhythm is achieved when parts of the design are

in harmony to the whole design.

Balance in design pertains to the equal

distribution of weight employing both functional
and decorative elements and/or objects of various
sizes. Symmetric balance, also called formal
balance, is achieved by arranging elements and
objects on each side of a center or dominant point.
Asymmetrical balance is informal balance and
happens when elements and objects differ in shape
and size but appear evenly balanced.

Color Wheel and Color Scheme

The color wheel is a chart of colors that shows

how each color is related to each