ST.

ROSE OF LIMA’S COLLEGE

FIRST QUARTERLY EXAMINATION 2021-2022
HISTORY
Marking Guidelines
Section A. Multiple Choice (6 marks)

1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. D

Section B. Data-based Questions (36 marks)

1. (a) Reason: Germany wanted to protect its economic interests. (1 mark)
Clue:
Our vigorous national development, mainly in the industrial sphere, forced us to cross
the ocean. (1 mark) or;
Reason: Germany wanted to protect themselves/ to challenge Britain’s naval
supremacy. (1 mark)
Clue:
It was both necessary and desirable for us to be so strong at sea that no Sea Power
could attack us without risk. (1 mark) or;
Reason: Germany wanted to protect their colonies. (1 mark)
Clue:
We might be free to protect our oversea interests, independently of the influence and
the choice of other Sea Powers. (1 mark)

(b) Figure X represents Germany. (1 mark)

Figure Y represents Britain. (1 mark)

(c) Answer: No, peace could not be achieved. (1 mark)

Clue:
From Source B, the countries all refused to be the first to enter the ‘Temple of
Disarmament’. (1 mark)
Explanation:
It shows that the European powers distrusted each other, they refused to disarm. (1
mark)
Clue:
From Source B, all the countries were carrying heavy arms, Britain was even carrying
models of dreadnoughts to the Conference. (1 mark)
Explanation:
It shows that the European powers were prepared to fight. (1 mark)

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FORM 3 FIRST QUARTERLY EXAMINATION 2021-2022 – HISTORY

(d) Stance: Yes, I agree. (1 mark)

First, the armaments race increased the tensions in Europe (1 mark).
Second, the European powers thought they were strong when they had a lot of
weapons. (1mark) Therefore, they would not give way easily when they had quarrels
with other countries. (1mark)
Last, the armaments race made the Europeans more warlike. (1mark) They believed
war could bring glory to their countries. (1mark) They supported going to war to solve
problems. (1mark)

2. (a) The Franco-German relation was tense/ hostile. (2 marks); Negative (1 mark).
Clue:
From Source C, France was looking at Germany angrily and said that ‘Ha! We shall
meet again!’. (1 mark)
Explanation:
It shows that France would like to seek revenge in the future. (1 mark)

(b) From my own knowledge, France was defeated in the Franco-Prussian War in 1871 (1
mark). It had to cede Alsace-Lorraine (1 mark) and pay reparation (1 mark) to
Germany. France was humiliated (1 mark) and determined to seek revenge.

(c) The main cause was extreme nationalism / colonial expansion. (1 mark)

(d) Attitude: Positive/ Welcoming/ Excited (1 mark)

Clue:
From Source D, the German Newspaper promoted that the German people ‘shall be
a group of conquering people which takes its portion of the world itself!’
Or any other reasonable clue.
Explanation:
It shows that the German people supported territorial expansion to gain power and
fame. (1 mark)
Own knowledge: From my own knowledge, Pan-Germanism prompted the idea that
all Germans in Europe should be united to build a great German empire. (1 mark)
Later, it became a movement to establish world domination. (1 mark)

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FORM 3 FIRST QUARTERLY EXAMINATION 2021-2022 – HISTORY

(e) Extreme nationalism intensified the tensions among the European powers. (1 mark) It
also led to many crises in Africa (1 mark) and the Balkan Peninsula (1 mark). The
crises worsened the international relations. (1 mark)
Or
The European powers came into conflicts when they competed to get more colonies.
(1 mark) Their relations worsened as a result of these conflicts. (1 mark) They formed
alliances to strengthen their positions. (1 mark) Colonial conflicts also intensified the
armaments race among the powers. (1 mark)

Section C. Fill in the blanks (8 marks)

1. (a) national glory/ strength / power (b) oversea(s) market(s)
(c) living space

2. (d) arms race (e) conscription

(f) army race

3. (g) Bosnia-Herzegovina (h) Serbia

Section D: Long questions (15 marks)

1. Impact brought about by the alliance system:
First, the alliance system divided Europe into two rival camps before the First World War. (2
marks)
Second, the European powers made the alliances in secret. This caused distrust and suspicion
among them. (2 marks)
Third, the powers thought they were supported by their allies. They would not give way
easily when they had quarrels with other countries. (2 marks)
Last, a small quarrel between two powers might involve more powers because each had allies.
This might lead to a major conflict and even a general war in Europe. (2 marks)

2. How did the Balkan wars (1912-13) make Europe more warlike?
After the First Balkan War, Austria-Hungary insisted on forming a new country, Albania. (1
mark) This stopped Serbia from getting an outlet to the Adriatic Sea. (1 mark) Austro-Serbian
relations further worsened. (1 mark)
Serbia was greatly enlarged territorially after the Balkan wars. (1 mark) Its nationalism grew
stronger (1 mark) and became more anti-Austrian. (1 mark) Austro-Serbian hostility led to the
Sarajevo Incident (1 mark) which was the immediate cause of the First World War.

END OF THE SUGGESTED ANSWERS