0 Nutrient Voedingsstof Nutrientes

<Substance> chemicals in food used by the body for proper function and health maintenance.
Nutrients are chemical compounds in food
that are used by the body to function properly and maintain health.
Examples include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
After: ODS Glossary: nutrient. (n.d.). https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/showterm.aspx?

tID=163

1 Carbohydrate Koolhydraat Hidratos de carbono

<Nutrient> nutrient from which glucose is made by the digestive system
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients.

Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar).

Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues and organs.
Your body stores any extra sugar in your liver and muscles for when it is needed.

There are two types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates include
natural and added sugars. Complex carbohydrates include whole grain breads and cereals,
starchy vegetables and legumes.
After: Definitions of Health Terms: Nutrition: MedlinePlus. (n.d.).

https://medlineplus.gov/definitions/nutritiondefinitions.html

2 Dietary Fiber Voedingsvezel Fibra alimentaria

<Nutrient>carbohydrate necessary for healthy digestion
A substance in plants that you cannot digest. It adds bulk to your diet to
make you feel full, helps prevent constipation, and may help lower the risk
of heart disease and diabetes. Good sources of dietary fiber include whole
grains (such as brown rice, oats, quinoa, bulgur, and popcorn), legumes
(such as black beans, garbanzo beans, split peas, and lentils), nuts,
seeds, fruit, and vegetables.
After: Office of Dietary Supplements - Dictionary of Dietary Supplement Terms. (n.d.).

https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/dictionary.aspx

3 Blood Sugar Bloedsuiker Glucemia

<Nutrient> carbohydrate tasting sweet
The main source of energy used by the body’s cells. Blood sugar comes
from food and is made by the liver, and is carried to the cells through the
bloodstream. Also called blood glucose.
After: Office of Dietary Supplements - Dictionary of Dietary Supplement Terms. (n.d.-b).
 https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/dictionary.aspx

4 Fat Vet Grasa

<Nutrient> Nutrient needed for energy production exclusively sourced from diet
Zie website
After: Dietary fats explained. (n.d.).

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000104.htm

5 Saturated Fat Verzadigd Vet Grasa saturada

<Nutrient> fat that solidifies at room temperature and can increases risk of heart disease
when consumed in high quantities
Saturated fat is a type of fat that is solid at room temperature. Saturated fat is found in full-
fat dairy products (like butter, cheese, cream, regular ice cream, and whole milk), coconut
oil, lard, palm oil, ready-to-eat meats, and the skin and fat of chicken and turkey, among
other foods. Saturated fats have the same number of calories as other types of fat, and may
contribute to weight gain if eaten in excess. Eating a diet high in saturated fat also raises
blood cholesterol and risk of heart disease.

After
Facts about saturated fats. (n.d.).

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000838.htm

6 Unsaturated Fat Onverzadigd vet Grasa insaturada

<Nutrient> fat that liquefies at room temperature and can lowers risk of heart disease

Unsaturated fats, which are liquid at room temperature, are considered beneficial fats
because they can improve blood cholesterol levels, ease inflammation, stabilize heart
rhythms, and play a number of other beneficial roles. Unsaturated fats are predominantly
found in foods from plants, such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.
After Types of Fat. (2018, July 24). The Nutrition Source.

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/fats-and-

cholesterol/types-of-fat/

7 Trans Fat Transvet Grasas hidrogenadas

<Nutrient> fat created when liquid oils are changed into solid fats and raises LDL and
lowers HDL
Trans fat, or trans-fatty acids, are unsaturated fatty acids that come from either natural or
industrial sources. Naturally-occurring trans fat come from ruminants (cows and sheep).
Industrially-produced trans fat are formed in an industrial process that adds hydrogen to
vegetable oil converting the liquid into a solid, resulting in “partially hydrogenated” oil (PHO).
Trans fat has no known health benefits.
After
Nutrition: Trans fat. (n.d.).

https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/nutrition-trans-fat

8 Protein Eiwit of Proteïne Proteína

<Nutrient> nutrient necessary for building and maintaining bones, muscles and skin that is
not stored in the body
Protein is in every living cell in the body. Your body needs protein from the foods you eat to
build and maintain bones, muscles, and skin. You get proteins in your diet from meat, dairy
products, nuts, and certain grains and beans. Proteins from meat and other animal products
are complete proteins. This means they supply all of the amino acids the body can't make
on its own. Plant proteins are incomplete. You must combine different types of plant proteins
to get all of the amino acids your body needs. You need to eat protein every day, because
your body doesn't store it the way it stores fats or carbohydrates.

A molecule made up of amino acids that the body needs for good
health. Proteins are the basis of body structures such as skin and
muscle, and substances such as enzymes and antibodies.
After
https://medlineplus.gov/definitions/nutritiondefinitions.html

Office of Dietary Supplements - Dictionary of Dietary Supplement Terms. (n.d.-e).

https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/dictionary.aspx

9 Amino Acid Aminozuur Aminoácidos

<Nutrient> protein building blocks some of which are produced by the body and others are
sourced from food
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The body produces many amino acids and
others come from food. The body absorbs amino acids through the small intestine into the
blood. Then the blood carries them throughout the body.
After
Definitions of Health Terms: Nutrition: MedlinePlus. (n.d.-b).

https://medlineplus.gov/definitions/nutritiondefinitions.html

10 Gluten Gluten Gluten

<Nutrient> protein found in some grains acting as a binder in food
Gluten is a protein naturally found in some grains including wheat, barley, and rye. It acts
like a binder, holding food together and adding a “stretchy” quality
After
Gluten: A Benefit or Harm to the Body? (2021, July 13). The Nutrition Source.

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/gluten/

11 Vitamins Vitamines Vitaminas

<Nutrient> nutrient sourced from food or supplements needed in small amounts. Some
vitamins are made in the body from food products.
A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Sources of
vitamins are plant and animal food products and dietary supplements. Some vitamins are
made in the human body from food products.

After
NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. (n.d.). National Cancer Institute.

https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/vitamin

12 Water Soluble Vitamins Wateroplosbare Vitamines Vitaminas

hidrosolubles
<Nutrient> vitamins not stored in the body and which leftover or excess amounts leave the
body through urine. They are to be consumed regularly

Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body. The nine water-soluble vitamins are vitamin C and all
the B vitamins. Any leftover or excess amounts of these leave the body through the urine. They have to be
consumed on a regular basis to prevent shortages or deficiencies in the body. The exception to this is
vitamin B12, which can be stored in the liver for many years.

After Vitamins. (n.d.). https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002399.htm

13 Fat Soluble Vitamins Vetoplosbare Vitamines Vitaminas liposolubles

<Nutrient> vitamins stored in the liver, fatty tissue and muscles
Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body's liver, fatty tissue, and muscles. The four fat-soluble vitamins
are vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins are absorbed more easily by the body in the presence of
dietary fat.

After Vitamins. (n.d.). https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002399.htm

14 Minerals Mineralen Minerales

<Nutrient> inorganic nutrient found on the earth and in foods needed by the body in small
amounts
Minerals are those elements on the earth and in foods that our bodies need to develop and
function normally. Those essential for health include calcium, phosphorus, potassium,
sodium, chloride, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine, chromium, copper, fluoride, molybdenum,
manganese, and selenium.

Minerals are inorganic elements present in soil and water, which are absorbed by plants or
consumed by animals. While you’re likely familiar with calcium, sodium, and potassium,
there is a range of other minerals, including trace minerals (e.g. copper, iodine, and zinc)
needed in very small amounts.

In nutrition, an inorganic substance found in the earth that is required to

maintain health.
After
https://medlineplus.gov/definitions/mineralsdefinitions.html

and https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamins/

After Office of Dietary Supplements - Dictionary of Dietary Supplement Terms. (n.d.-

c). https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/dictionary.aspx

15 Electrolyte Elektrolyt Electrolitos

<Nutrient> dissolved mineral in the body necessary for controlling water amounts in the
blood, cells and in the spaces between cells and for certain processes in cells.
In the body, a dissolved mineral (such as sodium, potassium, chloride, or
calcium) that helps control the amount of water in the blood, inside the
cells, and in the spaces between the cells, and helps control the way cells
work (such as moving nutrients into cells and moving wastes out of cells).
After
Office of Dietary Supplements - Dictionary of Dietary Supplement Terms. (n.d.-d).

https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/dictionary.aspx

16 Magnesium Magnesium Magnesio

<Nutrient> mineral necessary for over 300 biochemical reactions in the body
Magnesium is an essential mineral for human nutrition.

Magnesium is needed for more than 300 biochemical reactions in the body. It helps to maintain
normal nerve and muscle function, supports a healthy immune system, keeps the heartbeat
steady, and helps bones remain strong. It also helps adjust blood glucose levels. It aids in the
production of energy and protein.

After Magnesium in diet. (n.d.). https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002423.htm

17 Calcium Calcium Calcio
<Nutrient> mineral most common in the body stored for 99% in bones and teeth
You have more calcium in your body than any other mineral. Calcium has many important jobs.
The body stores more than 99% of its calcium in the bones and teeth to help make and keep
them strong. The rest is throughout the body in blood, muscle and the fluid between cells. Your
body needs calcium to help muscles and blood vessels contract and expand, to secrete
hormones and enzymes and to send messages through the nervous system.
After Calcium. (n.d.). MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/calcium.html