Close Relations An Introduction To The Sociology of Families Canadian 5th Edition Mcdaniel Test Bank

Close Relations An Introduction to the
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Chapter 7—Work and Family Life
1) Which of the following factors facilitated the rise of ‘housework’?
A) The rise of industrial capitalism.

B) The distinction between unpaid domestic labour and paid labour.
C) An interaction between capitalism and patriarchy.
D) Men defending their privileges under new economic and social conditions.
E) All of the above.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 204
2) Which of the following statements about pre-industrial family work is correct?
A) Children went to mandatory school until the age of 12.

B) Women were essential to market production.
C) The family was a site of consumption only.
D) Women were excluded from early market production.
E) Industrialization increased women’s involvement in the market economy.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 204
3) An older concept of childrearing was that children should be
A) told their place in life whenever possible.

B) toughened up for life in the ‘real” work of work.
C) given every opportunity to grow and expand at their own pace.
D) pampered and comforted whenever they require attention.
E) treated with great respect and given a special place in society.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 204
4) Susan Strasser, author of Never Done: A History of American Housework wrote

that:
A) the colonial household served as the central institution of economic production

where there was a gendered division of labour.
B) men have traditionally done more housework than women except in recent
decades when men were required to work outside the home.
C) women and men are both equally likely to perform household tasks, especially in
modern, new age relationships.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Canada Inc.

125
TIF for McDaniel, Close Relations: An Introduction to the Sociology of Families, 5e
D) house work was taken over by women after the 1960s and the new feminist
movement where women believed their primary role was to be at home with the
children.
E) the history of American housework is not much different from the history of
Chinese housework.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 204
5) Which of the following statements about the global context of household division
of labour is accurate?
A) In Western industrialized countries, the domestic labour is distributed equally.

B) The division of household labour is unequal only in rural global contexts.
C) In the majority of countries around the world, women still perform most of the
domestic labour.
D) Children under the age of 16 perform the majority of household labour around the
world.
E) Female children under the age of 12 perform most of the household labour around
the world.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 208
6) Where can we trace the change in family roles associated with contemporary
society to?
A) The feminist movement.

B) The increased use of birth control in the 1960s.
C) The rise of urban, industrial society.
D) The pre-war years.
E) The baby boom generation.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 205-206
7) As more labour-saving devices became available,
A) the time spent on housework did not decrease.

B) women were able to spend more time with theft families.
C) an equal division of labour between husband and wife emerged.
D) no changes to the division of domestic labour occurred.
E) it became easier for women to contribute to the family income.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 205

126
Chapter 8: Stress and Violence: Realities of Family Life
8) For women, the fusing of love with domestic consumerism and household duties
forever changed
A) relations between the sexes on the domestic front.

B) the marketplace.
C) the concept of romance and chivalry.
D) physical intimacy between spouses.
E) relationships between fathers and sons.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 206
9) The new expectation for women is for them to make their homes out of
_____________ rather than out of ______________.
A) necessity; joy.
B) interest in market rewards; love.
C) convenience; duty.
D) love; interest in market rewards.
E) duty; convenience.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 206
10) The division of household labour in same-sex families is
A) equal for both partners.

B) determined by personal work preferences.
C) determined by the partner who earns the least money.
D) determined by the leisure time available for each partner.
E) as unequal as heterosexual families.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 208
11) What does “home economics” refer to?
A) A form of education that many viewed as preparation for social reform.

B) The cost and benefit analysis of domestic work by economists.
C) The budget and finance management of lone female headed households.
D) The economics of homecare for the elderly.
E) The financial cost of the gendered division of labour.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 205

127
12) According to Fox (2001), what led women to assume responsibility for cleaning
as part of their identity?
A) The feminist movement of the 1960s.

B) Concerns about the home being too dirty for young children.
C) The proliferation of time saving labour technologies.
D) Marketing strategies of large manufacturers of cleaning products.
E) The industrial revolution.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 206
13) In 1995, the United Nations estimated that the annual value of unpaid housework
carried out by women around the world would be:
A) $148 million.
B) $572 million.
C) $11 billion.
D) $319 billion.
E) $11 trillion.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 207
14) _____________ was the first country in the world to include questions on unpaid
work on its national census.
A) Canada
B) The United States
C) Sweden
D) Finland
E) The Netherlands
Answer: A
Page Ref: 207
15) Questions about unpaid work were first included in the Census of Canada in
A) 1916.
B) 1936.
C) 1968.
D) 1982.
E) 1996
Answer: E
Page Ref: 207

128
16) Wives consistently perform approximately ______________ housework as

husbands.
A) half as much
B) the same amount of
C) twice as much
D) four times as much
E) ten times as much
Answer: C
Page Ref: 207
17) Which one of the following information pieces pertaining to unpaid work was
asked in the 1996 Census of Canada?
A) Respondents were asked to report the number of hours spent doing unpaid
housework done in the previous week.
B) Respondents were asked to report the number of hours spent on unpaid child care
done in the previous week.
C) Respondents were asked to report on the number of hours spend on unpaid care or
help to seniors done in the previous week.
D) Respondents were invited to identify periods when they were carrying more than
one of the above activities at the same time.
E) All of the above information pieces were asked in the 1996 Census of Canada.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 207
18) Which one of the following arguments was use against government provision of
income supports or compensation for the costs of raising children?
A) It is a big financial burden on governments to provide such tax breaks to women.

B) It is too costly to fund and too complex to administer in a country as large as
Canada.
C) It would not do anything to change the existing division of labour and women
would still do most of the housework.
D) It is unfair to provide tax breaks for women and children and have nothing
comparable for men.
E) It increases women’s dependency on social assistance and government support for
child care.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 207

129
19) Which factor by and large determines who does what on the home front?
A) Seniority.
B) Biological factors.
C) Tradition.
D) Power relations.
E) The media.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 208
20) In Sweden, ____________ has resulted in high female workforce participation.
A) immigration from North America

B) promotion of fathers’ involvement in child care
C) matriarchal culture
D) the high unemployment rate
E) government coercion
Answer: B
Page Ref: 236
21) Unlike women, men’s contribution to domestic work
A) does not define them as husbands and fathers.

B) involves long-term commitments.
C) is less valued than women’s contributions.
D) is invisible and unaccredited.
E) tends to involve day-to-day activities.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 208
22) Husbands are more satisfied with the arrangement of household tasks than wives
because
A) husbands tend to do chores that do not require physical strength.

B) husbands are more interested in household chores than women.
C) men have a wider variety of tasks to choose from.
D) wives continue to do the majority of household tasks.
E) wives do not want to do any household chores.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 208

130
23) According to Oerton (1998), the division of housework among gay and lesbian
families is:
A) randomly assigned to the partner who wants and likes to do housework.

B) based on who has more time to devote to the tasks on any given day.
C) is irrelevant since most gay and lesbian families can afford to hire domestic help.
D) not egalitarian and a pattern of primary breadwinner/primary caregiver often emerges.
E) is egalitarian and divided evenly among both partners.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 208
24) What kinds of occupations are women most likely to be found in?
A) Manufacturing and service work positions.

B) Professional occupations such as doctors and lawyers.
C) Science and technology occupations such as engineering, mathematics or computers.
D) Academic occupations such as university or college professors or researchers.
E) Women are not likely to be found in any occupations because they are generally
not in the labour force.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 212
25) __________ families are more likely to dine out when women have higher incomes.
A) White.
B) Jamaican.
C) East Indian.
D) Asian.
E) Dutch.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 212
26) Today,__________ couples are dual earner couples in Canada.
A) 9 out of 10.
B) 7 out of 10.
C) 6 out of 10.
D) 5 out of 10.
E) 6.2 out of 10
Answer: B
Page Ref: 213

131
27) How does poverty differ between men and women?
A) Men do not experience poverty while all women will experience it at some point
in their life.
B) For men, it is a result of unemployment and they can get out of it by getting a job
whereas for women, a job may only reduce poverty but not erase it.
C) Men try to avoid poverty at all costs while women are more accepting of this fate.
D) There are more government supports for men who experience poverty than for
women who experience poverty.
E) If men enter into poverty, they are not likely to get out of it while women are
more likely to escape poverty after two years.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 212
28) Immigrant grandmothers who assist their children with child care may also serve
to sustain the ________ family structure of their home country.
A) capitalist
B) matriarchal
C) patriarchal
D) communist
E) socialist
Answer: C
Page Ref: 214
29) In 2006, ______% of women and ______ said they worked part-time to care for
children or meet other family responsibilities.
A) 32 and 52
B) 80 and 10
C) 32 and 6
D) 6 and 32
E) 50 and 50
Answer: C
Page Ref: 213
30) Which of the following statements about gender and work is correct?
A) Among single people and young married people, the earnings of men and women
are farther apart than ever.
B) Married women earn $0.49 for ever dollar that married men earn.
C) The gap in earnings between highly educated, young, professional men and
women has widened in recent years.

132
D) The nature of women’s work in the home and in the labour force reinforces the
division of labour at home.
E) Men typically spend more time on home maintenance and repair than women do
on day-to-day housework and childcare.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 213
31) Which of the following is correct?
A) Employers are more reluctant to hire single mothers for fear that a sick child will
disrupt their work schedules.
B) Women are more likely than men to provide physical care to children under the
age of five.
C) Almost two-thirds of families with a child under 13 require outside childcare
while the parents work.
D) 63 percent of women had primary responsibility for childcare, compared to 6
percent of men.
E) All of the above are correct.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 214-215
32) In a study of Taiwanese grandparents, Sun (2008) found that mothers preferred to
receive child care assistance from
A) their own mothers.

B) their husband’s mother.
C) a nanny.
D) their sisters.
E) their brothers.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 214
33) Which of the following is accurate?
A) Mothers and fathers are equally happy about either set of grand parents
doing childcare.
B) Fathers are equally happy with their parents or parents in law doing childcare.
C) Mothers are equally happy with their parents or parents in law doing childcare.
D) Fathers are more likely to want to do childcare than having either set of
grandparents do it
E) Mothers are particularly opposed to their parents doing regular childcare.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 214

133
34) The burden of elder care has fallen on the shoulders of which group?
A) Older, retired women.

B) Young working women.
C) Young urban professionals.
D) Middle-aged men.
E) Middle-aged women.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 215
35) Which of the following contributes to the increased stress of eldercare?
A) Lack of adequate communication about care giving preferences.

B) Increase financial burden of putting the elderly in nursing homes.
C) Stubbornness of the elderly who are set in their ways.
D) Increased need to take care of not only parents, but also grandparents and
great-grandparents at the same time.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 215
36) In which culture would the Confucian tradition of ‘filial piety’ be generally
accepted?
A) Russia
B) Korea
C) The United States
D) Canada
E) Germany
Answer: B
Page Ref: 215
37) What determines whether a working mother feels stressed and whether this stress
harms the family is largely the result of________
A) her income.
B) her feeling of control.
C) her religious beliefs.
D) her marital status.
E) her ethnicity.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 218

134
38) Sociologists have found that women’s increased labour market work
A) makes them more vulnerable to abuse in the home.

B) alters authority patterns between husbands and wives.
C) is detrimental to the well-being of children.
D) gives them less bargaining power in the home because the domestic sphere is no
longer their exclusive turf.
E) has little or no impact on family life.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 219
39) The “sandwich generation’ is a term that describes
A) the popularity of having three children in the early 1950s, such that the middle
child was “sandwiched” between two siblings.
B) the large group of baby-boomers who competed for a small number of jobs
and spouses.
C) middle-aged adults who find themselves caring for dependent children and elderly
parents at the same time.
D) middle-aged workers who find themselves being replaced by younger workers on
the one hand, and being laid off by more senior staff on the other.
E) young, urban professionals whose work schedules only allow for a quick
sandwich at lunch.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 216
40) Children of women who work outside the home and who experience high levels
of occupational complexity tend to have
A) more behavioral problems.

B) fewer behavioral problems.
C) lower IQ scores.
D) lower self-esteem.
E) more social disorders.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 218
41) Men tend to contribute to family welfare by
A) increasing their paid work.

B) increasing their contributions to household chores.

135
C) taking parenting classes.

D) learning to cook.
E) staying healthy.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 219
42) According to the textbook, how do fathers currently contribute to family welfare?
A) By increasing their paid work rather than increasing their contributions to

domestic work.
B) By increasing their domestic work as well as their paid work.
C) By spending more time with their wife and children.
D) By increasing their domestic work and decreasing their paid work.
E) By cutting back on the number of hours worked per week.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 219
43) How does the gendering of domestic work affect custodial arrangements after
divorce?
A) It forces men to do domestic household work after divorce.

B) It does not affect custodial arrangements in any way.
C) An equal division of household labour and workforce participation decreases the
likelihood of divorced mothers to enter into poverty.
D) Working mothers are less likely to share their children’s care with the
ex-husband.
E) An unequal division of labour tends to increase the chances of men entering
poverty after divorce.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 219
44) In The Time Bind, Hochschild argues that
A) men like their jobs more than their families.

B) demands of family life were less manageable than demands of paid work.
C) children like school and friends more than their families.
D) men are forced to work long hours to pay for family expenses, leaving little time
to spend at home.
E) women are forced to work long hours to pay for family expenses, leaving little
time to spend at home.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 221

136
45) “Culturally induced stress” is best defined as
A) stress caused by the pressures of balancing work and family life.

B) stress caused by an inability to “fit in” to contemporary society.
C) stress caused by guilt over the failure to manage one’s workload.
D) stress caused in children by the market-driven culture of which their mothers
are a part.
E) stress caused by a hostile culture.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 222
46) What effect has the improved communications technology have on the work load
of people today?
A) It has dramatically reduced the workload of most people by making it easier to

handle daily tasks.
B) It has cut back on work and life stresses by making it easier to talk about stresses
with others.
C) It has made work more complex and challenging and thus has forced people to
take on additional training to learn how to use the new technology.
D) People come to expect near-instant responsiveness from the people they work
with and it is also expected of them by others.
E) It has generally had minimal or no effect on people’s workload.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 222
47) Those that have low control at work or at home are at increased risk of developing:
A) suicidal thoughts.
B) headaches and muscle strains.
C) high blood pressure.
D) violent tendencies.
E) depression and anxiety.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 222
48) Which of the following statements about overload is correct?
A) Women pursuing a professional career experience more harmful effects of

overload than less professionally inclined women.
B) Women are more likely than men to hold intrinsically stressful jobs.

137
C) Most men have to work longer hours than women to earn the same amount of
income
D) The demands of single parenting stresses more men than women.
E) Compared with men, women are less likely to hold service jobs than professional
jobs.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 222
49) According to Rwampororo, for dual earner couples with children in the home,
hours worked are associated with work stress for _____________ however, it is
_________________ who experience significant stress due to family life.
A) wives only; wives only

B) wives only; both wives and husbands
C) both wives and husbands; both wives and husbands;
D) husbands only; wives only
E) both wives and husbands; wives only
Answer: E
Page Ref: 222
50) A central mediating factor that determines whether a working mother feels
stressed or not is
A) how much control she feels she has over her life.
B) whether she receives emotional support from close relations.
C) dependent on the level of education she attains.
D) dependent on whether she earns over $85 000 per year.
E) dependent on the number of roles she fills.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 222
51) According to the textbook, women in traditional cultures with clear conceptions
of male and female roles in society, those working mothers who fail to live up to
the traditional standards often feel _________________.
A) guilty or ashamed.
B) happy and content.
C) sad and depressed.
D) neglected and abused.
E) discriminated against.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 223

138
52) Mothers whose work has stressed them are more likely to _____________while
fathers whose work has stressed them are more likely to _________________
A) ignore their children; act hostilely towards to their children

B) act hostilely towards to their children; act hostilely towards to their children
C) ignore their children; ignore their children
D) act hostilely towards to their children; ignore their children
E) act hostilely towards to their children; abuse alcohol
Answer: A
Page Ref: 223
53) The major stressors affecting working mothers of pre school children
include_________
A) too little income.

B) too little sleep
C) too little time.
D) too little energy
E) none of the above.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 226
54) According to statistics Canada, the number one source of work place stress is
A) threat of layoff.
B) risk of injury or accident.
C) too many demands
D) learning new computer skills.
E) employers harassment.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 227
55) Which of the following strategies was suggested as a way to solve the problems of
work-family balance?
A) Have one parent (usually the mother) stay at home to look after young children.
B) Have one or both spouses work part-time.
C) Relying on extended family for support.
D) Redefining the domestic division of labour by assigning more of the basic
domestic tasks to men and more of the discretionary tasks to women.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 229

139
56) Approximately __________ of Canadian children aged 4 to 5 years spend part of

their week in arranged child care.
A) 10 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent
E) 95 percent
Answer: C
Page Ref: 229
57) According to the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, what
factors are important in determining a good daycare?
A) convenient location; low monthly fees; nutritious snacks and lunches

B) highly educated and trained staff; stimulating resources; convenient location
C) a high child-to-adult ratio; highly educated and trained staff; stimulating resources
D) low monthly fees; stimulating resources; nutritious snacks and lunches
E) a low child-to-adult ratio; highly educated and trained staff; stimulating resources
Answer: E
Page Ref: 233
58) Which of the following statements about daycares is correct?
A) Children in daycares often develop attachment anxiety.

B) Children in group daycares develop more social skill problems.
C) Poor quality daycares can result in children becoming ill frequently.
D) Children of impoverished mothers benefit least from daycares in terms of
cognitive performance.
E) Children in group daycares are more aggressive and less socially competent than
children other daycare experiences.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 232
59) Children who are placed in non-maternal care for more than twenty hours a week
in their first year are
A) more likely to develop disciplinary problems.

B) better adjusted socially than those raised by birth mothers.
C) advanced in most areas of cognitive functioning.
D) less hostile.
E) no different from other children.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 232

140
60) The most powerful determinants of family policy in North America are
A) firm size and training costs.

B) firm size and unionization.
C) firm size and industry type.
D) unionization and proportion of female employees.
E) unionization and liberal politicians.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 234-235
61) In both Arab and South Korean households, what are the common issues faced
by the women who emigrate to Canada?
A) South Korean women tend to remain in the home as do Arab women.

B) South Korean and Arab women are more likely to wear Western dress and eating
habits.
C) South Korean and Arab male partners end up completing the majority of the
household labour.
D) South Korean and Arab women are less likely to enter the paid workforce if their
husbands work in the manufacturing or retail sector.
E) South Korean women who work outside the home cause marital and family tension,
as do native Canadian born Arab women who do not follow traditional roles.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 224-225
62) “Flextime’ refers to
A) quality family leisure time between parents and children.

B) the flexibility of work and leisure time available to those who work from home.
C) constantly changing part-time shift work.
D) choosing when to work a set number of hours.
E) part-time workers who work “on call.”
Answer: D
Page Ref: 219
63) One major drawback unique to part time work is
A) limited or no benefits package.

B) higher stress.
C) ill health due to disruption of daily rhythms.
D) work–family spillover.
E) all of the above.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 234

141
64) The “mommy track” refers to
A) the informal employment structure where employers may see mothers as more
committed to their family than their career.
B) progressive workplace programs such as flextime and paid maternity leave that
support working mothers.
C) on-site corporate daycare services.
D) stay-at home fathers who perform childcare and other nurturing “motherly” tasks.
E) “soccer moms” (stay-at-home mothers who chauffeur children to and from school
and extracurricular activities).
Answer: A
Page Ref: 234
65) Which of the following statements about working from home is correct?
A) Telework blurs the boundaries between work and leisure.

B) Telework reduces the amount of spillover from work life to family life.
C) Telework improves gender equality in domestic labour.
D) Telework improves relations between worker and spouse
E) Telework improves relations between worker and child (ren).
Answer: A
Page Ref: 235
66) Duxbury found that teleworking benefits workers by ______________ but

______________
A) improving marital and family satisfaction; reduces income

B) eliminating commuting time in the mornings; creates more work overload and stress
C) increasing task variety; increases work absenteeism.
D) increasing task variety; increases role overload.
E) increasing task variety; reduces income.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 235
67) Supplemental work at home (SWAH) is defined as
A) the income women contribute in a marriage.

B) paid work performed in a home office.
C) the additional paid work stay-at-home mothers perform to supplement their
husband’s earnings.

142
D) the type of work generally performed by uneducated women to help support

their families.
E) housework.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 235
68) Which country is unique among industrialized nations in its lack of public
assistance for childrearing mothers?
A) the United States

B) France
C) Germany
D) Canada
E) Norway
Answer: A
Page Ref: 236
69) In the United States, programs designed to integrate family and work are
administered mostly by
A) the public sector

B) corporate and domestic support systems.
C) both the public and private sectors.
D) not-for-profit organizations.
E) non-governmental organizations.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 236
70) Family work today is best described as including
A) a mother reorganizing her work schedule to watch her son in the school play
B) a father taking an afternoon off work to take his sick daughter to the doctor.
C) a husband doing the laundry.
D) a wife repairing the roof.
E) all of the above.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 237

143
Short Answer Questions
1. Briefly describe how and when “housework” came into being.
See Pg. 204
2. Explain the emergence of home as a “retreat” or “sanctuary”.
See Pg. 205
3. What is the “triple day” and its relationship between the maternal advice given to
some daughters?
See Pg. 208
4. Identify up to three reasons why the number of hours husbands and wives work
outside of home is beginning to converge.
See Pg. 212
5. What is the relationship between the “glass ceiling” and women’s income relative to
that of men?
See Pg. 212-213
6. Are single mothers discriminated against by employers when seeking employment?

Briefly explain
See Pg. 214
7. What is the “sandwich generation”? Who today in Canada is predominantly included

in this generation?
See Pg. 216

144
8. Today in Canada, the number of years someone spends in the workforce is different
to the amount of time spent in the past. Briefly explain this.
See Pgs. 219-220
9. Distinguish any two of the following concepts: spillover, overload and culturally
induced stress.
See Pg. 222-223
10. What relationship does working out of home (Supplemental Work at Home) have on
spillover effects?
See Pg. 231

145
Long Answer Questions
1. A number of different welfare state strategies or policies have been identified in your
text. Each carries specific assumptions about the role of men and women in the
household. Elaborate on the distinction between any two of these strategies/policies.
Which countries are affected by these?
See Pgs. 236-2372
2. What is home economics and when did it emerge? What impact did this have on
women and family life? Elaborate.
See Pgs. 205-206
3. Elaborate on the contemporary division of labour within the household. To what

extent are heterosexual and same sex partners moving toward an egalitarian
relationship when it comes to home work and child work?
See Pgs. 208-212

146

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Close Relations An Introduction to the

Sociology of Families Canadian 5th

1) Which of the following factors facilitated the rise of ‘housework’?

A) The rise of industrial capitalism.

2) Which of the following statements about pre-industrial family work is correct?

A) Children went to mandatory school until the age of 12.

3) An older concept of childrearing was that children should be

A) told their place in life whenever possible.

4) Susan Strasser, author of Never Done: A History of American Housework wrote

A) the colonial household served as the central institution of economic production

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A) In Western industrialized countries, the domestic labour is distributed equally.

A) The feminist movement.

7) As more labour-saving devices became available,

A) the time spent on housework did not decrease.

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A) relations between the sexes on the domestic front.

10) The division of household labour in same-sex families is

A) equal for both partners.

11) What does “home economics” refer to?

A) A form of education that many viewed as preparation for social reform.

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A) The feminist movement of the 1960s.

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16) Wives consistently perform approximately ______________ housework as

A) It is a big financial burden on governments to provide such tax breaks to women.

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20) In Sweden, ____________ has resulted in high female workforce participation.

A) immigration from North America

21) Unlike women, men’s contribution to domestic work

A) does not define them as husbands and fathers.

A) husbands tend to do chores that do not require physical strength.

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A) randomly assigned to the partner who wants and likes to do housework.

A) Manufacturing and service work positions.

26) Today,__________ couples are dual earner couples in Canada.

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27) How does poverty differ between men and women?

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31) Which of the following is correct?

A) their own mothers.

33) Which of the following is accurate?

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A) Older, retired women.

35) Which of the following contributes to the increased stress of eldercare?

A) Lack of adequate communication about care giving preferences.

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A) makes them more vulnerable to abuse in the home.

39) The “sandwich generation’ is a term that describes

A) more behavioral problems.

41) Men tend to contribute to family welfare by

A) increasing their paid work.

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C) taking parenting classes.

A) By increasing their paid work rather than increasing their contributions to

A) It forces men to do domestic household work after divorce.

44) In The Time Bind, Hochschild argues that

A) men like their jobs more than their families.

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45) “Culturally induced stress” is best defined as

A) stress caused by the pressures of balancing work and family life.

A) It has dramatically reduced the workload of most people by making it easier to

48) Which of the following statements about overload is correct?