Human Sexuality Self Society and Culture 1st Edition Herdt Test Bank

Human Sexuality Self Society and
Culture 1st Edition Herdt Test Bank

Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankdeal.com/dow
nload/human-sexuality-self-society-and-culture-1st-edition-herdt-test-bank/
CHAPTER 7: CONTRACEPTION
True/False Questions
1. The withdrawal method is one of the most effective methods of birth control.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Topic: Methods of Contraception
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Choosing a Method of Contraception: What to Consider
2. As a method of contraception, vaginal spermicides are more effective than male condoms.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
3. Regular breastfeeding is a more effective form of birth control than the withdrawal method.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
4. Female condoms have a lower failure rate than intrauterine devices.

Answer: False
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
5. Vasectomies have a lower failure rate than injectable contraceptives.

Answer: True
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
6. Human error is the most important variable when evaluating effectiveness.

Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized
for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded,
distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
7. Continuous abstinence is a method of contraception that protects against pregnancy but not
STIs.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Heading: Methods That Protect Against Pregnancy and STIs
8. Selective abstinence includes sexual behaviors such as vaginal, anal, and oral intercourse.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
9. Fluid-free sexual behaviors include activities such as mutual masturbation or pleasuring one
another with toys (as long as they are not shared).
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
10. Condoms are the only barrier method that protects against STIs, including HIV.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Barrier Methods
11. Female condoms prevent the transmission of STIs but do not reduce the risk of pregnancy.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
12. A female condom should be used in combination with a male condom to increase protection
against STIs and prevent pregnancy.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
13. Cervical barrier methods of contraception protects against both pregnancy and STIs.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Cervical Barrier Methods
14. Femcap and Lea’s shield are examples of cervical barriers.

Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
15. A physician must fit individuals with the diaphragm and cervical cap.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
16. Vaginal spermicides provide protection against STIs.

Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Vaginal Spermicides
17. While spermicides can be used alone, they are most effective when used with barrier
methods.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
18. The contraceptive or vaginal ring delivers hormones similar to a combination oral
contraceptive every day over a 3-week period.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Hormonal Methods
19. Intrauterine devices reduce the risk of pregnancy by preventing ovulation.

Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Intrauterine Methods
20. IUDs do not protect against STIs and women are at an increased risk for an STI during the
first 4 months after insertion.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Multiple Choice Questions
21. _____ refers to process or method used to prevent conception or pregnancy.

A. Abstinence
B. Ligation
C. Vasectomy
D. Abortion
E. Contraception
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Topic: Contraception: History and Cultural Variations
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Contraception: History and Cultural Variations
22. Which of the following is a method of contraception that involves withdrawal of the penis
from the vagina before ejaculation?
A. Douching
B. Coitus reservatus
C. Coitus obstructus
D. Coitus interruptus
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Heading: Cross-Cultural Variations in Contraception
23. _____ is the general category of putting pressure on the testicles, a method from Ancient
India, which was thought to cause sperm to be ejaculated into the bladder.
A. Coitus obstructus
B. Coitus reservatus
C. Douching
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Remember
24. Identify the method of contraception from Hindu medicine in which the male totally avoids
ejaculation.
B. Douching
C. Coitus reservatus
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
25. _____ refers to a method of washing out the vagina or washing the penis.
B. Douching
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
26. Which of the following is a suppository, object, or elixir placed in the vagina as a method of
birth control?
A. Subdermal implant
B. Spermicide
C. Sea sponge
D. Condom
E. Pessary
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
27. _____ were used by the ancient Jews and other peoples to block the sperm from entering the
cervix.
A. Subdermal implants
B. Spermicides
C. Sea sponges
D. Condoms
E. Douches
Answer: C
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Remember
28. Which of the following contraceptive methods is used most commonly by tribal societies?
B. Pessary
C. Sea sponge
D. Condom
E. Spermicide
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
29. _____ refers to a form of permanent, surgical contraception in which the fallopian tubes are
tied, cut, or blocked to prevent egg and sperm from uniting.
B. Pessary
C. Tubal ligation
D. Vasectomy
E. Intrauterine device
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
30. Which of the following is a permanent method of birth control?

A. Vaginal ring
B. Intrauterine device
C. Pessary method
D. Condoms
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
31. _____ refers to a form of permanent, surgical contraception where sperm are prevented from
mixing with semen in ejaculate by cutting or tying off the vas deferens.
A. Vaginal ring
C. Pessary method
D. Vasectomy
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
32. Identify the method of birth control that is permanent.

A. Vaginal ring
B. Vasectomy
C. Pessary method
D. Spermicide
E. Intrauterine device
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
33. Which of the following methods of birth control has the lowest failure rate?
A. Diaphragm
B. Female sterilization
C. Contraceptive pills
D. Fertility awareness methods
E. Spermicides
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
34. Which of the following methods of birth control has the highest failure rate?
A. Implants
B. Intrauterine devices
C. Vasectomy
D. Male condoms
E. Injectables
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
35. Hannah has decided that she does not want to have any more children. Therefore, she wants
to use the most effective method of birth control. Which of the following forms of birth control
would be the best option for Hannah?
A. Vasectomy
B. Tubal ligation
C. Cervical cap with spermicides
D. Subdermal implants
E. Contraceptive pills
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
36. _____ refers to an unreliable method of contraception involving removing the penis from the
vagina just prior to ejaculation.
B. Douching
D. Pessary
E. Withdrawal method
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
37. Which of the following methods of birth control protects against both pregnancy and STIs?
A. Vasectomy
B. Lea’s Shield
C. Cervical cap
D. Male condoms
E. Diaphragms
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
38. Mira wants to prevent the risk of pregnancy and protect herself against STIs when she
engages in sexual intercourse. Which of the following would be the best method of birth control
for Mira?
A. Contraceptive pills
B. Male condoms
C. Vaginal ring
D. Subdermal implant
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
39. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using diaphragms with spermicide?

A. Reduces male sensitivity
B. Partner agreement is necessary
C. Requires strong commitment
D. Requires interruption of intercourse
E. Increases risk of female urinary tract infections
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
40. Identify a cervical barrier method of contraception.

A. Combination pills
B. Female condoms
C. Diaphragms
D. Contraceptive patches
E. Contraceptive rings
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
41. Which of the following is a temporary method of birth control that requires trained personnel
for insertion and withdrawal?
A. Injectable
C. Contraceptive ring
D. Vasectomy
E. Tubal ligation
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
42. Which of the following is a hormonal method of birth control?

A. Injectable
C. Lea’s shield
D. Contraceptive sponges
E. Vaginal spermicides
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
43. Which of the following methods of birth control has the highest typical failure rate?
A. Contraceptive patch
B. Implants
C. Minipills
D. Contraceptive sponges
E. Injectables
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
44. _____ refers to a form of contraception that involves completely refraining from sexual
intercourse.
A. Continuous abstinence
B. Selective abstinence
C. Fluid-free sexual behaviors
D. Lea’s shield
E. Hormonal contraceptive
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
45. _____ refers to a form of contraception in which individuals avoid certain sexual behaviors
that could lead to pregnancy or the transmission of STIs, such as vaginal, anal, or oral
intercourse.
A. Continuous abstinence
B. Postovulation
C. Selective abstinence
D. Lea’s shield
E. Hormonal contraceptive
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
46. _____ refers to a thin sheath made of latex or polyurethane that is worn internally by a
woman during intercourse.
A. Female condom
B. Cervical cap
C. Diaphragm
D. Contraceptive patch
E. Contraceptive ring
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
47. During ejaculation, the _____ catches semen and prevents it from entering the vagina, cervix,
anus, or mouth.
A. pessary
B. sea sponge
C. diaphragm
D. condom
E. intrauterine device
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
48. Which of the following methods of contraception protects against STIs?

A. Intrauterine devices
B. Female condoms
C. Diaphragms
D. Cervical caps
E. Contraceptive pills
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
49. _____ allows a one-way flow of fluid from the cervix to the vagina but prevents semen from
contact with the cervix.
A. A cervical cap
B. A diaphragm
C. Lea’s Shield
D. FemCap
E. A female condom
Answer: C
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Remember
50. Which of the following methods of birth control requires a woman to not rinse the vagina or
douche for at least 6 hours after intercourse?
A. Spermicides
B. Pessary
C. Diaphragms
D. Female condoms
E. Oral contraceptives
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
51. Which of the following methods of contraception alter specific characteristics of a woman’s
ovulation cycle or reproductive tract?
A. Fertility awareness methods
B. Barrier Methods
C. Cervical Barrier Methods
D. Vaginal Spermicides
E. Female hormonal methods
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
52. _____ prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from joining the egg, or
alter the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.
A. Fertility awareness methods
B. Hormonal methods
C. Cervical Barrier Methods
D. Vaginal Spermicides
E. Barrier Methods
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
53. Helena uses a method of birth control that alters the lining of her uterus and thus prevents the
implantation of a fertilized egg. Identify the type of contraception that Helena is using.
A. Cervical cap
B. Vaginal spermicide
C. Diaphragm
D. Oral contraceptive
E. Female condom
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
54. Identify the single biggest difference between today’s hormonal contraceptives and the
original birth control pills.
A. The current versions contain high doses of androgens.
B. The current versions contain very high doses of estrogen.
C. The current versions contain much lower doses of estrogen.
D. The current versions are much cheaper.
E. They current versions cause more side effects.
Answer: C
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
55. Which of the following is a benefit of birth control pills containing lower doses of estrogen?
A. The effectiveness of the pills is increased
B. Potential side effects are substantially reduced
C. The cost of pills is reduced
D. The pills become more readily available
E. The protection against STIs is increased
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
56. _____ refers to pills containing female hormones that are taken every day by women to
prevent pregnancy.
A. Hormonal implants
B. Female condoms
C. Diaphragms
D. Vaginal rings
E. Oral contraceptives
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
57. Which of the following is another term for oral contraceptives?

A. Hormonal implants
B. Birth control pills
C. Diaphragms
D. Vaginal rings
E. Female condoms
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
58. Identify the type of oral contraceptive that contains progestin only.
A. Minipills
B. Combination pills
C. Hormonal implants
D. Biphasic pills
E. Hormonal patches
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
59. Birth control pills:

A. kills sperm cells by creating a hostile environment within the uterus.
B. facilitates the implantation of a fertilized egg into the lining of the uterus.
C. promote the fertilization of the egg by a sperm cell.
D. prevent ovulation from occurring by changing a woman’s hormone levels.
E. obstruct the cervix and thus prevents sperm from entering the uterus.
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
60. Identify a way in which birth control pills work.

A. They release copper into the uterus which immobilizes sperm cells.
B. They increase the frequency of menstrual periods.
C. They cause ovulation to occur more frequently.
D. They form a barrier over the cervix that prevents sperm cells from entering the uterus.
E. They thicken the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from joining the egg.
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
61. The _____ contains 21 active pills that all contain the same level of hormones.
A. biphasic pill
B. monophasic pill
C. minipill
D. triphasic pill
E. contraceptive patch
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Remember
62. Which of the following types of contraceptives is designed specifically for women who are
breastfeeding?
A. Biphasic pill
B. Monophasic pill
C. Minipill
D. Triphasic pill
E. Combination pill
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
63. Why do women who are breastfeeding require progestin-only minipills?

A. The progestin in minipills promotes the infant’s growth.
B. Minipills do not need to be taken every day.
C. Minipills are more effective at preventing pregnancies.
D. Estrogen in combination pills can harm the breastfeeding infant.
E. Estrogen in combination pills can reduce milk production
Answer: E
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
64. Marian has a history of blood clots, and her doctor has advised her not to take birth control
pills that contain estrogen. She is in a committed monogamous relationship where there is no risk
of transmission of STIs. Which of the following would be the best and most effective method of
contraception for Marian?
A. Withdrawal method
B. Minipills
C. Female condoms
D. Male condoms
E. Combination pills
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
65. The _____ is a small tube of progestin that is inserted under the skin of a woman’s upper
arm.
A. contraceptive patch
B. injectable contraceptive
C. oral contraceptive
D. hormonal implant
E. emergency contraception
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
66. Jill uses a type of contraception that works by slowly releasing hormones into the body. It
prevents pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation or thickening cervical mucus. Identify the form of
contraception that Jill is using.
A. Cervical caps
B. Essure
C. Hormonal implant
D. Intrauterine device
E. Emergency contraception
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Apply
67. Depo-Provera, an injectable contraceptive, contains a form of _____ which prevents

pregnancy in a manner similar to hormonal implants.
A. progestin
B. estrogen
C. testosterone
D. insulin
E. adrenaline
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Remember
68. Identify the reversible method of birth control in which fertility can take up to a year to
return after discontinuation.
A. Hormonal implant
B. Vasectomy
C. Tubal ligation
E. Injectable contraceptive
Answer: E
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
69. The contraceptive or vaginal ring delivers hormones similar to:

A. an injectable contraceptive.
B. a combination oral contraceptive.
C. a minipill.
D. an emergency contraception.
E. vaginal spermicides.
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
70. _____ can prevent pregnancy after an instance of unprotected intercourse or when a condom
or other barrier method fails.
A. Contraceptive rings
B. Minipills
C. Combination pills
D. Emergency contraception
E. Injectable contraceptives
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
71. _____ involves taking 1 pill as soon after unprotected intercourse as possible but within 72
hours.
A. Voluntary surgical contraception
B. Emergency contraception
C. Combination oral contraception
D. Progestin-only contraception
E. Fertility awareness method
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
72. Which of the following should NOT be used as a regular form of contraception due to the
high dosage of hormones it contains?
A. Emergency contraception
B. Hormonal implant
C. Contraceptive ring
E. Injectable contraceptive
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
73. Which of the following is a consequence of using emergency contraception as a regular form
of birth control?
A. It can lead to the transmission of STIs.
B. It can cause an obstruction of the cervix.
C. It can cause the cervical mucus to thicken and prevent fertilization.
D. It can lead to unwanted pregnancies.
E. It can impact a woman’s normal menstrual cycle.
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
74. A(n) _____ is a small, T-shaped plastic device that a medical professional places in the
uterus to prevent pregnancy.
A. FemCap
B. cervical cap
C. diaphragm
D. intrauterine device
E. female condom
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
75. Which of the following types of contraceptives works by releasing a small amount of
progestin or a similar hormone is released into the uterus?
A. Vaginal rings
B. Hormonal implants
C. Hormonal IUDs
D. Injectable contraceptives
E. Contraceptive patches
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
76. Identify an effect of copper IUDs that prevent pregnancy.

A. It immobilizes the sperm on the way to the fallopian tubes.
B. It prevents the release of an egg from the ovary.
C. It disrupts a woman’s menstrual cycle.
D. It blocks the entry of sperm into the uterus.
E. It kills sperm in the vagina and thus prevents its entry into the uterus.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
77. Which of the following is an effect of hormonal IUDs that prevent pregnancy?
A. Prevention of ovulation
B. Destruction of the egg
C. Immobilization of sperm
D. Thickening of the cervical mucus
E. Thickening of the uterine lining
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
78. _____ refers to a surgical alteration of the internal reproductive system of either male or
female that permanently blocks sperm cells from fertilizing an ovum.
A. Abortion
B. Sterilization
C. Emergency contraception
D. Intrauterine method
E. Laproscopy
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Surgical Methods—Sterilization
79. Which of the following is a method of voluntary surgical contraception that is available for
men?
A. Essure
B. Tubal ligation
C. Laproscopy
D. Intrauterine method
E. Vasectomy
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
80. _____ refers to a surgical procedure whereby small incisions are made in the abdomen in
which a viewing scope and surgical instruments are inserted to perform surgery.
A. Vasectomy
B. Colonoscopy
C. Laparoscopy
D. Tubal ligation
E. Essure
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Remember
81. For a _____, the fallopian tubes are cut, tied, or blocked using a variety of techniques.
A. vasectomy
B. colonoscopy
C. laparoscopy
D. tubal ligation
E. hormonal implant
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
82. _____ prevents fertilization by interrupting the passage of sperm or egg through the fallopian
tubes.
A. Vasectomy
B. Tubal ligation
C. Laproscopy
D. Emergency contraception
E. Oral contraceptive
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
83. Which of the following is a metallic implant that is inserted into the fallopian tubes as a
voluntary surgical contraception?
A. Essure
B. NuvaRing
C. Lea’s shield
D. FemCap
E. pessary
Answer: A
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
84. For men, a _____ involves making a small incision in the scrotal sac to reach the vas
deferens, which are cut and then blocked at both ends.
A. hormonal implant
B. colonoscopy
C. laparoscopy
D. tubal ligation
E. vasectomy
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
85. Michael wants to use a permanent form of contraception. He is undergoing a procedure in

which a small incision will be made in the scrotal sac and the vas deferens will be cut and tied.
Identify the procedure that Michael is undergoing.
A. Hormonal implant
B. Colonoscopy
C. Vasectomy
D. Tubal ligation
E. Laparoscopy
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Apply
86. _____ refer to contraceptive methods based on ovulation prediction and the viability of
sperm; intercourse is timed to avoid fertile days in a woman’s reproductive cycle.
A. Hormonal methods
B. Natural methods
C. Barrier methods
D. Cervical barrier methods
E. Voluntary surgical contraception
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Heading: Fertility Awareness Methods
87. Which of the following methods are the least successful ways to prevent pregnancy?
A. Hormonal methods
B. Cervical barrier methods
C. Barrier methods
D. Fertility awareness methods
E. Voluntary surgical contraception
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
88. Which of the following is a fertility awareness method of contraception?

A. Cervical barrier method
B. Barrier Method
C. Standard Days Method
D. Hormonal method
E. Intrauterine method
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
89. Why do natural methods of contraception have high failure rates?

A. Determining the time of ovulation is a complicated process which depends on many factors.
B. The frequency of ovulation is increases and this leads to higher chances of conception.
C. There are only a few days in a month when a couple can have sex without the risk of
pregnancy.
D. These methods increase the chances of contracting an STI.
E. It completely stops ovulation and disrupts a woman’s menstrual cycle.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
90. Identify the fertility awareness-based method that uses cervical secretions as the indicator of
fertility.
B. Basal Body Temperature Method.
D. Hormonal method
E. TwoDay Method
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
91. Elora is using the TwoDay Method of contraception. On particular day, she notices the
presence of cervical secretions. What can Elora infer from this observation?
A. She is pregnant.
B. She is fertile.
C. She is infertile.
D. She has contracted an STI.
E. She will be fertile in two days time.
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
92. Kathryn is using a natural method of contraception which uses cervical secretions as an
indicator of fertility. She has not noticed any cervical secretions yesterday and today. Which of
the following can Kathryn infer from these observations?
A. It is very likely that she has contracted a bacterial STI.
B. It is very likely that she is pregnant.
C. She should avoid intercourse today as it can lead to pregnancy.
D. She can engage in intercourse today as pregnancy is very unlikely.
E. She does not need to use a barrier method of contraception as she does not have an STI.
Answer: D
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
93. Which of the following is a natural method of contraception?

A. Intrauterine Method
B. Hormonal Method
C. Cervical Barrier Method
D. Barrier Method
E. Basal Body Temperature Method
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
94. Jean uses a calendar to keep track of her menstrual cycle. Using the calendar, she identifies
her fertile “window” and refrains from sexual intercourse on those days. Which of the following
methods of contraception is Jean using?
B. Basal Body Temperature Method.
D. Hormonal method
E. TwoDay Method
Answer: C
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
95. A woman’s basal body temperature spikes immediately before, during, and after _____.
A. ovulation
B. fertilization
C. abortion
D. menstruation
E. sterilization
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Fill In the Blanks Questions
96. _____ refers to the number of women out of 100 who will become pregnant within the first
year of using a particular method.
Answer: Failure rate
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
97. _____ refers to the typical number of people who become pregnant accidentally utilizing a
particular method.
Answer: Typical failure rate
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
98. _____ refers to the failure rate of a contraceptive method used by people who utilize it
regularly and correctly.
Answer: Perfect-use failure rate
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
99. Takara and her boyfriend Jamie frequently kiss, touch and have even mutually masturbated
each other. They have not engaged in any sexual behaviors like vaginal, oral or anal sex. This
kind of sexual contact where you avoid the sharing or mixing of bodily fluids, including
unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse is called:
Answer: fluid-free sexual behavior
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Apply
100. _____ refers to a thin sheath made of latex, natural animal membrane, polyurethane,
silicone, or other synthetic material that fits over the erect penis prior to intercourse.
Answer: Male condom
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
101. _____ are creams, foams, gels, suppositories, and films that contain a chemical that is lethal
to sperm.
Answer: Spermicides
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
102. _____ are birth control pills that combine estrogen and progestin.
Answer: Combination pills
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
103. The _____ contains 21 active pills with two different levels of estrogen and progestin.
Answer: biphasic pill
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
104. The _____ contains 21 active pills with three different hormone dosages.
Answer: triphasic pill
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
105. The _____ is a flexible, transparent ring that is placed in the vagina.
Answer: vaginal ring
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Remember
Essay Questions
106. Describe three methods of contraception that have historically been used in different
cultures.
Answer: Coitus interruptus, or withdrawal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation, is a
technique practiced in many cultures around the world. Coitus obstructus is the general category
of putting pressure on the testicles, a method from Ancient India, which was thought to cause
sperm to be ejaculated into the bladder. Coitus reservatus is a method from Hindu medicine in
which the male totally avoids ejaculation. In the United States in the 19th century, some groups
used this method. For example, some of the Shaker communities, whose members believed in
free love and generally opposed marriage, used this method.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
107. Provide a brief history of contraceptives in the United States. How did the Comstock Act
affect the rights of individuals to birth control?
Answer: The history of contraceptives in the United States is riddled with political controversy
and sexual morality. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, those who opposed the use of
contraceptives passed federal laws making it illegal even to distribute information about it. Some
people were brave enough to oppose this law despite the threat of being imprisoned, but believe
it or not, that law was not repealed until 1965.
Anthony Comstock (1844–1915), a Connecticut social reformer, was instrumental in the passage
of the Comstock Act (1873), officially titled “Act for the Suppression of Trade in, and
Circulation of, Obscene Literature and Articles for Immoral Use.” Part of this law made it illegal
to distribute information about contraception and devices because they were considered immoral
and obscene. The Comstock Act passed through Congress with wide support from very powerful
individuals, political parties, and religious institutions. Even President Theodore Roosevelt in
1905 attacked birth control and condemned the trend toward smaller families as a sign of “moral
disease”
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Heading: History of Contraceptives in the United States
108. Describe Margaret Sanger’s contributions toward the legalization of contraception.

Answer: Margaret Sanger (1879–1966) believed in free love and sexual rights. A mother of
three, an active feminist, and the person generally credited with coining the term birth control,
Sanger was motivated not only by her compassion for people struggling with issues of
contraception, but also by personal experience. Her mother had 18 pregnancies in 22 years and
was dead by age 45 of cervical cancer and tuberculosis.
Sanger actively campaigned to decriminalize contraception. She decided to fight the
contraceptive part of the Comstock Act and advance the sexual literacy of women through
contraceptive education, counseling, and clinical services. In 1914, she published The Woman
Rebel, a periodical that advocated women’s rights, including the right to contraception. To avoid
arrest, she went to Europe; while there, she observed much more tolerant and humane laws and
visited clinics that distributed information about contraception to families. After returning to the
United States, she opened the first birth control clinic in 1916. She was arrested and later
sentenced to jail, but this short-lived clinic started a movement in favor of birth control, which
ultimately allowed doctors to prescribe contraception to patients in 1938.
Sanger’s efforts to remake public policy regarding contraception continued throughout her
lifetime. She lived to see birth control pills become a reality and contraception sanctioned by the
U.S. Supreme Court.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Heading: History of Contraceptives in the United States
109. What is a male condom? Describe its use. Discuss some of the pros and cons of using male
condoms.
Answer: The male condom is a thin sheath made of latex, natural animal membrane,
polyurethane, silicone, or other material that fits over the erect penis. During ejaculation, the
condom catches semen and prevents it from entering the vagina, cervix, anus, or mouth. Latex
and polyurethane condoms will protect against STIs, including HIV. Condoms come rolled up in
a package and are either lubricated or nonlubricated. Lubricated condoms are less likely to break.
The rolled-up condom is placed at the tip of the erect penis. A small pouch at the tip of the
condom will hold ejaculated semen. To use correctly, grasp it with one hand and unroll it over
the erect penis with the other.
Pros of male condoms: Accessible, portable, inexpensive; usable with many other methods; help
protect against transmission of STIs and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Cons of male condoms: Possible reduced male sensitivity; possible interruption of sexual
“moment”; latex may cause irritation (less likely with polyurethane condoms). May not protect
against scabies or pubic lice as condom doesn’t cover all areas where parasites exist.
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Understand
110. What are fluid-free sexual sexual behaviors? What are the advantages and disadvantages of
using this method of contraception?
Answer: Fluid-free sexual behavior, means engaging in sexual behaviors that avoid the sharing
or mixing of bodily fluids. In other words, fluid-free sexual behavior excludes unprotected
vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse. Fluid-free sexual behaviors include activities such as mutual
masturbation or pleasuring one another with toys.
Advantages of this method of contraception: No cost; no risk of pregnancy; protection from STI
transmission with committed, consistent use
Disadvantages of this method of contraception: Requires self-discipline; partner agreement;
strong commitment; risk of unprotected intercourse if commitment wanes.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
Heading: Abstinence and Fluid-Free Sexual Behaviors
111. Amy is in a committed heterosexual relationship. She would like to have children some day,
but currently she would like to reduce the risk of pregnancy. What would be the most effective
form of contraception for Amy, and why?
Answer: An intrauterine device (IUD) would be the most effective method of birth control for
Amy. An IUD is a small, T-shaped plastic device that a medical professional places in the uterus
to prevent pregnancy. A woman using an IUD is always protected against pregnancy. IUDs
begin working right away and can be removed at any time. In addition, they can be inserted 6
weeks after the delivery of a baby or an abortion. Over time, they are relatively inexpensive as
they can remain in place for an extended period of time. The copper IUD can remain in place for
10 years while the hormonal IUD can be in place for 5 years in the United States and 7 years in
Europe and Asia. IUDs are recommended mainly for women in monogamous relationships.
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Apply
112. Describe the two forms of voluntary surgical contraception that is available for women.
Answer: In women, surgical sterilization is typically done by laparoscopy. Two small incisions
are made in the abdomen in which a viewing scope and surgical instruments are inserted. For a
tubal ligation, the fallopian tubes are cut, tied, or blocked using a variety of techniques. This
prevents fertilization by interrupting the passage of sperm or egg through the fallopian tubes. The
procedure is usually done on an outpatient basis and women can resume their normal activities
very shortly after the procedure.
Another VSC method is a metallic implant called Essure. A physician inserts one device into
each of the fallopian tubes. This is done with a special catheter that is inserted through the vagina
into the uterus, and then into the fallopian tube. This device works by causing scar tissue to form
over the implant, blocking the fallopian tube and preventing fertilization of the egg by sperm.
Because it takes time for this scar tissue to form, women cannot rely on Essure implants for the
first 3 months after insertion and must use an alternate form of contraception. After 3 months,
women are x-rayed to confirm proper placement of the implant. This procedure cannot be
reversed
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
113. What is the Basal Body Temperature Method? How can it be used effectively to prevent
pregnancy?
Answer: The Basal Body Temperature Method is another form of fertility awareness. To use this
method, a woman must take her basal body temperature (BBT) each morning before getting out
of bed using a BBT thermometer that measures to tenths of a degree and record it on a
temperature graph. Basal body temperature is the lowest temperature attained by the body during
rest (usually during sleep). After 3 to 4 months a woman should be able to predict when she is
ovulating based on the fact that the temperature drops just prior to ovulation and rises and
remains elevated for several days after. The temperature rises in response to increased
progesterone levels that occur in the second half of the menstrual cycle. Couples must avoid
intercourse on the day that the temperature rises and for 3 days after. Because the temperature
rise does not occur until after ovulation, sex just prior to the rise increases the risk of pregnancy.
Some couples abstain for several days before the anticipated time of ovulation and for 3 days
after.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
114. Why do fertility awareness methods of contraception have such high failure rates?
Answer: One reason for their higher failure rate is that trying to determine when a woman is
fertile depends on many factors. Usually, a woman is only fertile for about 1 day every month
after an egg is released during ovulation. Sperm, however, can survive for 3 to 7 days in a
woman’s reproductive tract. The idea of fertility awareness methods is to learn when a woman
ovulates and then to agree to abstain from intercourse for 7 days prior to and 1 day after
ovulation to reduce the risk of pregnancy. Logically, this makes sense. The problem, however, is
that knowing when a woman will ovulate is a complicated learning process that involves self-
discipline, time, organization, and a willingness to become intimately familiar with one’s body
and bodily fluids.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Understand
115. Discuss the effects of politics in the United States on contraception. How can contraception
be used as a tool for public health and sexual well-being?
Answer: Contraception has been controversial in the United States since the 19th century, as
politics blocked people’s access to sound pregnancy planning and sexual well-being. Politics has
also strongly impacted how people participate in and receive sound reproductive decision-
making information. Research has shown that better sexual literacy and access to preventive
health care for family planning is associated with a reduction in abortion.
Advocates for contraception as a tool for public health and sexual well-being have two clear
goals: greater access and more choice. Several new methods are currently being studied in the
United States through the Contraceptive Clinical Trial Network (CCTN). The CCTN was formed
in 1996 and has conducted clinical trials of oral, injectable, implantable, and topical
contraceptive drugs and devices (Jensen, 2011). New forms of contraception being developed
and tested include barrier methods, oral hormonal contraceptives, permanent contraception, and
emergency contraception.
Difficulty: Medium
Topic: Contraception and Sexual Well-Being
Blooms: Understand
Heading: Contraception and Sexual Well-Being

Human Sexuality Self Society and Culture 1st Edition Herdt Test Bank

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Human Sexuality Self Society and Culture 1st Edition Herdt Test Bank

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Human Sexuality Self Society and

Culture 1st Edition Herdt Test Bank

4. Female condoms have a lower failure rate than intrauterine devices.

5. Vasectomies have a lower failure rate than injectable contraceptives.

6. Human error is the most important variable when evaluating effectiveness.

14. Femcap and Lea’s shield are examples of cervical barriers.

16. Vaginal spermicides provide protection against STIs.

19. Intrauterine devices reduce the risk of pregnancy by preventing ovulation.

Multiple Choice Questions

21. _____ refers to process or method used to prevent conception or pregnancy.

30. Which of the following is a permanent method of birth control?

32. Identify the method of birth control that is permanent.

39. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using diaphragms with spermicide?

40. Identify a cervical barrier method of contraception.

42. Which of the following is a hormonal method of birth control?

48. Which of the following methods of contraception protects against STIs?

57. Which of the following is another term for oral contraceptives?

59. Birth control pills:

60. Identify a way in which birth control pills work.

63. Why do women who are breastfeeding require progestin-only minipills?

67. Depo-Provera, an injectable contraceptive, contains a form of _____ which prevents

69. The contraceptive or vaginal ring delivers hormones similar to:

76. Identify an effect of copper IUDs that prevent pregnancy.

85. Michael wants to use a permanent form of contraception. He is undergoing a procedure in

88. Which of the following is a fertility awareness method of contraception?

89. Why do natural methods of contraception have high failure rates?

93. Which of the following is a natural method of contraception?

Fill In the Blanks Questions

108. Describe Margaret Sanger’s contributions toward the legalization of contraception.

You might also like