FAMILY PLANNING

FAMILY PLANNING
 Family Planning refers to a program
which enables couples, individuals and
women to decide freely and responsibly
the number and spacing of their
children, acquire relevant information
on reproductive health care, services
and supplies to have access to a full
range of safe, legal and affordable
effective natural and modern methods
of limiting and spacing pregnancy.
TYPES OF FAMILY
PLANNING
 Natural Family Planning
Method
 Barriers Method

 Hormonal Birth Control

NATURAL FAMILY
PLANNING
Method
 Abstinence

 Withdrawal Method
 Rhythm Method

 Cervical Mucus Method

Abstinence

 The most effective method of

contraception is complete
abstinence from heterosexual
intercourse. As a contraceptive
technique, abstinence is
ultimately 100 % effective and
offers additional protection
against sexually transmitted
infections.
Withdrawal Method

 Also knows as “pulling out,” the

withdrawal method is one of the
world’s oldest family planning
techniques. According to
MayoClinic.com, withdrawal prevents
conception by preventing sperm from
entering the vagina. For withdrawal to
work effectively, the man must fully
withdraw his penis from his partner’s
vagina before he ejaculates.
Rhythm Method
 The rhythm method is also know as the
calendar method; it works by predicting
the days in which a woman is most
fertile. To use this technique, a woman
must chart her menstrual history for
several months in order to anticipate the
dates in which she is ovulating.
According to MayoClinic.com, women
using this technique must abstain from
unprotected sex on the days during
which she is most fertile.
Cervical Mucus Method
 Like the rhythm method, the cervical
mucus method of family planning works by
predicting the days in which a woman is
most fertile. During ovulation, the
consistency of cervical secretions will
change to accommodate conception. A
woman can determine her level of fertility
by consistently documenting the color,
texture and consistency of her vaginal
mucus. The cervical mucus method is
reliable only if a woman is intimately
familiar with her own body
Barrier Contraception Method

 Condoms
 Diaphragm
 Cervical Cap
 Contraceptive Sponge
Condoms

 Condoms are easy to use and

available over the counter at any
pharmacy. They’ re designed to
protect from pregnancy and may
also protect from sexually
transmitted infection.
Female Condom
 Female Condoms
 The female condom is a thin
polyurethane sheath which
lines the vagina and some of
the external genitalia. It is a
barrier method of birth
control and does not contain
a spermicide.
Diaphragm and Cervical Cup

 A diaphragm is a small, dome-

shaped cup that fits over the cervix.
Spermicidal gel or foam, chemicals
that kills sperm, must be used with a
diaphragm to increase effectiveness
in preventing pregnancy.
Diaphragm
Cervical Cap
 Cervical Cap
 The cervical cap is a soft rubber
cup to which spermicide is
added before it is placed snugly
over the cervix. It presents a
physical barrier to sperm and
kills those sperm which do come
in contact with the spermicide.
Contraceptive Sponge

 The vaginal sponge is a barrier

method of preventing
pregnancy. That is the sponge
acts as a barrier to prevent
semen from entering the cervix.
Hormonal Birth Control
Methods
 Oral Contraceptive Pills
 Skin Patch
 Injection
 Implant
Oral Contraceptive Pills
Birth Control Pills
 Birth Control Pills
 Birth control pills (oral contraceptives) are
pills which are taken by mouth everyday to
prevent pregnancy. Combined birth control
pills are the most common type and
contain both female sex hormones -
estrogen and progesterone (in the form of
progestin). The pill works mainly by
preventing the ovaries from releasing eggs
(ovulation). Secondarily, it may also
prevent fertilization from occurring by
thickening the cervical mucus which
impedes the sperm.
Skin Patch
Injection
Injectable Contraception
(Depo-Provera)
Implant
Spermicides
 Spermicides
 Spermicides are chemicals which
kill sperm. They are available in
many different forms: suppository,
foam, cream, gel, film and tablets.
The active ingredient in most
spermicidal is nonoxynol-9, which
may also offer protection against
sexually transmitted diseases.
Sterilization
 Sterilization
is a simple
operation for both men and
women. It is a one-time
method of birth control
which is permanent and
requires no effort other than
getting the procedure done.
2 Kinds of Sterilization

Vasectomy for
men
Tubal Ligation for
women
Tubal Ligation
 FEMALE STERILIZATION

Female sterilization is a permanent method of

birth control which requires surgery. The surgery
involves blocking the fallopian tubes by cutting
them, electrically sealing them, or putting
clips/rings (spring clip/Falope ring) on them.
Pregnancy does not occur because the sperm
cannot reach the egg (fertilization). The
procedure is done under local or general
anesthesia, usually using a laparoscope. The
laparoscope makes it possible to do the surgery
with an incision of only about 1/2". It has
therefore been called the band-aid operation
because of the minimal amount of disruption to
the skin. Most women do not need to stay
overnight.
Vasectomy
 Vasectomy
 Vasectomy is a permanent method of birth
control for men. It is a surgicial procedure
which is done under local anesthesia. The
vas deferens is blocked - the tube that
carries the sperm from the testicle to the
opening of the penis. After a vasectomy,
sperm will not be present in the semen and
pregnancy cannot occur. The procedure is
done under local anesthesia and takes only
15-20 minutes. There is no need of any
overnight stay.