CHAPTER 3

Methodology

This chapter gives an outline of the research methods that were followed in the study. It

provides the research design, the variables, the instrument, research locale, data gathering

procedure, and statistical treatment.

Research Design

The present study followed the Pre-Experimental design. This design was applicable for

the study to quantify capsicum frutescence “siling labuyo” lip plumping effect. Experimental

study is a study which aimed to know whether there is or not the effect of the variable studies

(Arikunto, 2006). Particularly, Static- Group comparison has been applied, wherein the

independent variable (capsicum frutescence) of the study will be applied to one group of samples

while leaving the other group untreated. This design allowed the researchers to have better

assessment of the treatment’s effects and quantify the impact accurately.

Table 3.1

Design of Static-Group Comparison

Group Time

Group 1 Tx Observation

Group 2 __________ Observation

The Variables

The independent variable of this study is "Capsicum frutescence,” or the specific

component of it that is being used. This is the variable that is intentionally manipulated or

changed in the study to observe its effects. On the other hand, “lip plumping effect” is the

dependent variable of the study. It is the outcome or result that is being observed or measured. It

depends on the independent variable, and researchers in the present study are interested in how

changes in the independent variable (Capsicum frutescence) affect this outcome.

The Instrument

The present study used a mixed methods instrument in the presence of visual analog scale

and visual observation. The visual analog scale is used to quantify the sensation experienced

(e.g., tingling or burning) after applying the extract. This helped the researchers to correlate

sensations with lip plumping effects. Visual assessments were also done by taking high-quality

photographs of the lips before and after the application of Capsicum frutescence lip- based

product.

Table 3.2
Visual Analogue Scale

Encircle the numbers below to indicate the tingling or burning sensation of your lips.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No pain Pain as bad
as it could
possibly be
 Table 3.3
Visual Assessment Presentation
Picture of the lips Size of the lips before Picture of the lips after Size of the lips after
before the treatment the treatment the treatment the treatment

Research Locale

The main location of this research will be conducted at Jickie Laquio’s residence which is

located in Barangay Siari, Sindangan, Zamboanga del Norte. The researchers have decided to

conduct this study at the said place in consideration of the space needed to make it easier and

convenient while doing the process of experimentation.

Figure 1. Jickie Laquio’s Residence located at Siari, Sindangan,

Zamboanga del Norte
Statistical Treatment

The t-test will be used by the researchers to determine if the independent variables differ

or are comparable.

Step 1: Compute the Mean of Each Group

Table 3.4
Lip Balm with Placebo Lip Balm
Capsicum (X1) (X2)
Group 1 Group 2
9 2
7 3
10 1
6 4
8 -1
Total = 40 Total = 9
µ = 40/5 = 8 µ = 9/5 = 1.8

The table contains ratings from 1 to 10 from the distinct groups, which are group 1 with

treatment lip balm and group 2 with no treatment lip balm, which is the capsicum. The first step

is to write down all the ratings from the two groups and sum the ratings from each group; group

1 has a total of 40 and group 2 has a total of 9. To find the mean, add the totals of each group and

divide by the number of values, which is 5. The mean of group 1 is 8 and the mean of group 2 is

1.8.

Step 2: Compute the Variance of each Group

Table 3.5
Lip Balm with (X12) Placebo Lip Balm (X22)
Capsicum (X1) (X2)
Group 1 Group 2
9 81 2 4
7 49 3 9
 10 100 1 1
6 36 4 16
8 64 -1 1
Total = 40 ∑x12 = 330 Total = 9 ∑x22 = 31
µ = 40/5 = 8 µ = 9/5 = 1.8

2 2
∑ x1 ∑ x2
S1 =2
- M 21 2
S2 = - M 22
N1 N2
330 31
S12= -8 S22= - 1.8
5 5
S12= 66-8 S22= 6.2 -1.8
S12= 58 S22 = 4.4

Step 3: Compute the Standard Error of Difference Between Means

√( )( )
2 2
N 1 S 1+ N 2 S2 N1+ N2
M1 – M1 =
S
N 1 + N 2−2 N1 N 2

M1 – M1 =
S
(√ 5 ( 585+5−2 )( 5∗5 )
) +5(4.4) 5+5

M1 – M1 =
S
(√ 290+22
8 )( 25 )
10

M1 – M1 =
S
(√ 3128 )( 1025 )
M1 – M1 = √ ( 39 ) ( 0.4 )
S

M1 – M1 = √ 15.6
S

M1 – M1 = 3.94968353163
S

Step 4: Compute the t-statistic

M 1−M 2
t=
s M 1−s M 2
 8−1.8
t=
3.94968353163
6.2
t=
3.94968353163
t = 1.57

Step 5: Identify the Critical Value

df = N1 – N2 -2
df = 5 + 5 -2
df = 8
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 The researchers are going to compare the t-statistic (computed value) to the table of

critical value. Since the t is greater than the t-table the null hypothesis will be rejected.

Therefore, there is significance difference from the two different group.

t = 1.57 (computed value)

table t = 0.632

Data Gathering Procedure

The gathered materials and ingredients were all gathered from the area of Sindangan.

The researchers gathered data through the conduct experiments. Multiple experiments were made

to gather the data needed. The conducted tests and trials will be used to determine the exact

measurement of the ingredients in making the natural lip balm.