VOCAL FORM

Salidumay
-a song famous in the Cordilleras, was
introduced during World War II. Limited voice
range and the use of ornamentations like
tremolos or trills and slides are one of the
musical characteristics of this song.

It is usually sung by groups and for use in

entertainment.
VOCAL FORM

Bad-iw
-is an Ibaloy or Ibaloi death ritual
song. It uses a leather chorus type of
singing. The ritual usually gives hopes
of gaining favors for the living from the
spirit-relatives.
VOCAL FORM

Og-gayam
-is an Itneg song. It usually performed
during festivals, weddings, peace
agreements, harvest time, or even in
welcoming guests.

-The Kalinga flute may accompany the

melody of the og-gayam during
performance.
INTRUMENTAL MUSIC

-It is very rich in singing and

instrument playing. It has been a part of
their everyday experiences.

-The use of ethnic instruments plays an

important role in the lives of the
Kalinga people.
The different ethnic instruments:

1. Gangsa (an old name

for copper or brass)
-It is a flat gong without boss
and considered as the most
treasured instrument among the
Kalinga. The gangsas are played
during festivities like peace
agreements, burial rites, or head-
hunting ceremonies.
 There are two ways of playing the gangsa.
These are the following:

a. Gangsa-topayya
-The player strikes and slides
the gong to make a ringing
sound by using the left hand
and immediately producing a
dampened sound as they slide
the right hand forward on the
surface of the gong.
b. Gangsa-palook
-It requires six or more
men striking the inner side
of the gongs with sticks and
allowing them to vibrate.
There are two alternating
beats being played by
separate group as they dance
in circular line.
2. Bunkaka or Balingbing
(bamboo buzzer)
-It is a bamboo tube with
an opening or split at one
end. The way of playing it
is by striking the split end
against the palm of the hand
to produce a buzzing sound.
3. Patangguk (quill-shaped
tube)
-It is made of one
internode of a long slender
variety of bamboo.
4. Tongatong (stamping
tube)
-It is a set of bamboo
blades in graduated sizes.
It is played in an ensemble
of six members by one or
two sticks and produces
strong and dampened sounds.
5. Patatag or Pateteg (leg
xylophone)
-It is played by women in groups of six for
healing rites.

The player strikes the base against a hard

surface and is simultaneously covering and
uncovering the upper ends of the tubes to
produce different sounds.
5. Patatag or Pateteg (leg
xylophone)
6. Ulibaw (Jew’s harp)
- It is a bamboo instrument
made of a thin, narrow
strip of bamboo or brass.
- It is characterized by a
very thin slit with a thin
tongue at the middle part.
- It is played through
plucking or striking the
tip of the instrument to
produce a vibrating sound.
7. Kolitong or Kulitong
- It is a stringed
instrument made of a single
bamboo piece around 3-4
inches in diameter with a
node at each end.
8. Saggeypo (pipe)
- It is a set of five, six,
or more bamboo pipes with
different sizes played in
three or more ensembles.
These are played
separately.
9. Diwdiw-as(panpipes)
- It is a row of five or
more slim bamboo tubes of
varying lengths tied to
each other. This is the
Igorot term for panpipes.
10. Tongali (nose
flute)
-It is an instrument from
Ifugao and Kalinga.
-It is a nose flute
instrument originated
from many tribes
-It has five finger
holes.
11. Sulibaw or solibao
(conical drum)
-It is a drum with
skinhead played with a
padded stick or by
tapping using open
hands.
12. Paldong
-It is a traditional
bamboo lip-valley
flute. Most of the
time, a melody
improvisation is played
by men for serenading,
courting women, or
passing by leisure
time.
Gemma Teresa Cruz-Araneta
(September 30, 1943)
She is the first
Filipino to win the Miss
International title in
1964. She loves to play
the tongali.
 MUSIC OF
MINDORO AND
PALAWAN
 MUSIC
OF
MINDORO
 MINDORO
The island of Mindoro which is the 7th largest
island in the Philippines was formerly known
as Mait to Chinese traders and Mina de Oroll
to Spanish explorers.
It is inhabited by the Tagalogs from Batangas
and Mangyan groups in the mountainous
areas.
 MINDORO
Mangyans has subgroups namely: Iraya,
Alangan, Tadyawan, Tau-buid, Ratagnon,
Buhid, Hanunuo, and Bagon.

All has belief in animism and with livelihoods

of cultivating crops
 MINDORO
The Mangyan Syllabic script or the Surat
Mangyanis very much alive and being taught
in HanunuoMangyan schools. With a pointed
knife, HanunuoMangyans inscribe notes and
poems on bamboo trees in the forests or on
bamboo slats.
 MINDORO
These ambahans written or recited in
poetic language allegorically express
situations or characteristics.

Family life good harvest

thanksgiving nature Spiritual aspects

Ambahan
Marayaw
Pamuybuyen
AMBAHAN
- is composed of a seven-syllable line ending in
rhymes, often used by parents for teaching
children, for courtship or ask for food which is
often chanted with accompanying instruments.
AMBAHAN

32
 Ambahan: Courtship
Hanunuo-Mangyan English Filipino
The palm bordering my field, Bulisa may kaingin

Back when it is very small,

Noong s’ya pa’y musmusin
Hindi ko pinapansin
My attention did not call
Nang gumulang, pagsapit
But now that it’s fully-grown
Tanggi ko ang lumain
And has shed its dried-up
leaves, Sariwa kong kukunin
I will harvest it so fresh
Bayong kong lalalain
And weave me a basket fair.
Lagi kong sasakbitin!
That I can bring everywhere.
MARAYAW
- song used to communicate with spirit
in rituals for healing and protecting the
community.
PAMUYBUYEN
- a legend; means fear of
water