SUBJECT: CT111 - Woodworks and Bsic Electrical Technology (lecture and

laboratory) vi. Fall Protection

TEACHER: Neil Adrian B. Minoc a. Guardrail (Harness)
b. Personal Fall Arresting Systems
Week 2-3: Building Layout c. Positioning Device Systems
d. Warning Line System/Covers
● Use of Appropriate PPE e. Safety Net System
Types of Hazards:
● Chemical Tools, Materials, and Equipments
● Physical Tools - gamit na nahahawakan/hand operated
● Biological ● Classification tools according to how they are used
● Social 1. Hand tools - Can be operated through hands
How to control Hazards? a. Hammer
1. Evaluate Exposure b. Measure
2. Controlling Hazard c. Pliers
a. Engineering Control - this is where you’ll design how to prevent/control a d. Wrench
hazard e. Screwdriver
b. Environmental Control 2. Power tools - can be operated with electricity
c. PPE a. Circular saw
i. Eye and Face Protection - Blowing dust or particles, metal shavings, b. Sander
acids or caustic liquids, and welding light c. Impact driver
a. Safety glasses d. Angle grinder
b. Dust Goggles e. Table saw
c. Laser Eyewear 3. Machine tools - big tools
ii. Foot Protection- Falling or rolling objects, shard or heaver objects, a. Lathe
wet and slippery surfaces, uneven surfaces, hot surfaces, and electrical b. Drill press
hazards c. Grinding Machine
a. Safety shoes 4. Generic tools - commonly found in your house
iii. Hand Protection - Sharp or hot objects, chemicals, biological or a. Putty knife
electrical hazards b. Hacksaw
a. Leather, Canvas or Metal Mesh Gloves c. Scissors
b. Fabric and Coated Fabric Gloves d. Pliers
c. Insulating Rubber Gloves e. Wrench
iv. Head Protection - Falling or flying objects and overhead objects ● Classification of tools according to their usage:
a. Hard hat 1. Striking Tools
v. Hearing Protection - Loud tools and machinery, poorly maintained a. Hammer
equipment b. Mallet
a. Ear plug c. Sledge maul
b. Ear muffs
2. Cutting tools 6. Electrical tools
a. Saw a. Wire strippers
b. Scissors b. Pliers
c. Utility knife c. Multimeter
3. Boring tools Materials
a. Boring bar ● Common materials used in construction:
b. Spade bit 1. Concrete
c. Brace and bit 2. Steel
4. Torsion tools 3. Wood
5. Measuring tools 4. Stone
a. Tape 5. Brick/Masonry
b. Ruler Equipments
c. Caliper ● Common equipment used in construction:
6. Holding tools 1. Excavator - It's used for digging, trenching, and material handling.
a. Vise 2. Backhoe - a combination of a tractor and a loader, with a digging bucket on
b. C-clamp the back and a loader bucket on the front. It's used for digging, excavation,
c. Bar clamp trenching, and loading tasks.
● Classification of tools according to their trade: 3. Bulldozer - a powerful machine with a large blade at the front, used for
1. Carpentry tools pushing and leveling materials such as soil, debris, and rocks.
a. Hammer 4. Grader (pison) - used to create a flat or sloped surface. It has a long blade
b. Saw that can be adjusted to control the angle and elevation of the surface.
c. Clamp 5. Loader - equipped with a bucket at the front for loading and transporting
2. Masonry tools materials like soil, gravel, and debris.
a. Trowel 6. Crane - used for lifting and moving heavy objects and materials
b. Float 7. Compactor - used to compress and compact soil, gravel, or asphalt to create
c. jointer a solid, stable surface
3. Tinsmith tools 8. Dump truck - used for transporting and unloading materials, such as dirt,
a. Tin snips sand, gravel, and construction debris
b. Seam roller
c. Scriber Batter boards - small state of wood na nagiging layout ng plan mo
● Set up batter boards securely and squaring building lines
4. Painter’s tools 1. Preparing materials
a. Paintbrush 2. Assembling a batter board
b. Roller and tray 3. Setting and placing batter board
c. Drop cloths 4. Adding strings
5. Plumbing tools 5. Adjusting boards and strings
a. Pipe wrench
b. Plunger
c. Pipe cutter
Week 4-5: Floor Framing ➔ Girders – supports the floor joists; is classified into load bearing and
non load bearing girder
Framing - the process of ◆ Have a built in girder pocket in the foundation
attaching structural ◆ Unusually 6 in thick using combined three 2 in thick wood
materials to form the ◆ Rests on posts
skeleton of a building. ➔ Floor joists – supports the subfloor of the system is designed on the
long dimension of the floor
Frame Construction Joists Layout:
● Light Frame ★ Conventional header - horizontal framing member placed between
○ a framing system two joists or studs to provide support. It is typically used when
with closely spaced creating openings for doors, windows, or other openings in walls.
components ★ Lapped - practice of extending one joist past another and attaching
assembled by them to a common support. This technique is often used to create
nailing. longer spans with shorter joists.
● Heavy ★ Butted over a girder - commonly used in floor and roof framing to
○ also known as post support the joists on a load-bearing beam or girder.
and beam ★ Butted against a girder - the joist is positioned next to the girder,
construction, and their ends meet without overlapping.
requires large and ★ Double - consists of two joists placed side by side. This method is
heavy timbers. used to increase load-bearing capacity or to provide additional
support in areas where more strength is required.
● Expedient ★ Cantilevered - extends beyond its support and is anchored at one
○ requires custom and end only. This is commonly used in the construction of balconies,
specific structuring overhangs, or other architectural elements where part of the joist
techniques. extends beyond the edge of the support structure.
➔ Subfloor – also known as rough flooring, strengthens the entire floor
Light Framing System unit; common material used is plywood
● Floor framing - is a system that supports occupancy live loads and building
dead loads Week 6: Stair Framing
Parts of a Floor Framing System
➔ Sill – the floor framing element that mainly touches the foundation ● Stair framing
◆ For masonry wall, anchor bolt should be atleast 15 in deep ➔ Stairs – the steps and landing of the system
◆ For concrete wall, anchor bolt should be atleast 7 in deep ➔ Staircase – the whole system of steps, landing, and stringers.
◆ Each steps should have a minimum of 2 bolts with 12 in standard ➔ Stairwell – the area that encloses the staircases
distance from each other Types of Stairs
➔ Posts – provide support to the long span of girders – Straight stairs – Curved (arched) stairs
◆ Atleast 18 in clearance is required from joist to the ground – Stairs w intermediate landing – Spiral Stairs
◆ A 4x4 in or 4x6 in post is required fro support – L-shaped stairs – Double l-shaped stairs
– U-shaped stairs – 180 winder stairs
– 90 winder stairs
Parts of a Stair

● Wall framing
● Roof framing