Conclusion

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It

primarily affects the lungs but can also target other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, or
brain. TB is typically transmitted from person to person through the air when an infected individual
coughs, sneezes, or speaks, releasing droplets containing the bacteria.

The symptoms of tuberculosis may include persistent cough (often with sputum or blood), fatigue,
weight loss, fever, night sweats, and chest pain. However, in some cases, the infection may remain
dormant and asymptomatic, known as latent tuberculosis.

TB can be classified as drug-susceptible or drug-resistant, depending on the effectiveness of standard

antibiotics against the bacteria. Drug-resistant TB occurs when the bacteria develop resistance to the
commonly used medications, making treatment more challenging and prolonged.

Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing tuberculosis. Medical professionals employ
various diagnostic methods, such as chest X-rays, sputum tests, and blood tests, to identify the presence
of the bacteria and determine the appropriate course of treatment.

Public health efforts, including widespread vaccination, proper infection control measures, and access to
effective treatment, play a significant role in preventing the spread of tuberculosis and reducing its
impact on individuals and communities