Guide for Research Writing

The Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University Research and Development
Services Offices (DHVTSU-RDSO) Research Manual was conceived to establish uniformity
as to style and format in the preparation of research report.

1.1 General Format/Guidelines: American Psychological Association (APA)

The DHVTSU adopts the American Psychological Association (APA) as basis for
the research format. APA presents convenient and practical guidelines that suit the format
and style choice of the University and CHED.
Margins: Top, right, bottom= 1”; left=1.5”
Font Size and Type: 12 Pt. Font: Times Neww Roman.
For the tables and figures, font size may be reduced to 9-pt. or 10-pt. as necessary.
Spacing: One and a half spacing except for tables and figures in which single
spacing is allowed.
Paragraph Indention: 7-8 spaces.
Pagination: The page number appears one inch from the right edge of the paper on
the first line of every page.

1.2 Preliminary Parts

The preliminary parts of a research report are the following:
1. Title Page
2. Approval Sheet
3. Acknowledgment Sheet
4. Table of Contents
5. List of Tables
6. List of Figures

Title Page. The title page is composed of the following:

 DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacolor Pampanga

VILLA VERDE

INTEGRATING SMART TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTIVE

AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT RESIDENTIAL

DEVELOPMENT IN PAMPANGA

A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the of the

Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Authors

Chavez, Oliver M.
David Adrian V.
Miranda Marc Emil V

Co Author

Cunanan Darlene Mae M.

April 2024
 1. Research project title, typed centered in all capital letters, inverted pyramid,
single spaced.
2. Classification of the paper (if it is a research project)/ typed on the 9th single
spaced line from the last line of the title.
3. Name/s of researcher/s (all caps., full name of the researcher/s starting with
the first name, then middle initial, and the family name; typed on the 9th single
spaced line from the classification of the paper.
4. Date (the month and the year the research paper is completed). Do not put a
comma after the month.
Note: Avoid abbreviations.

Approval Sheet. The approval sheet follows immediately after the

title page. Generally, it contains the statement of recommendations and
approval.
For faculty and employee, the research project is accepted by the DHVTSU-RDSO
for technical review and evaluation by the Technical Evaluation Team, then the statement
of recommendation for approval by the Research Director and the Vice President for
Research, Extension and Training; and the statement of acceptance and approval by the
University President.
Acknowledgment Sheet. The acknowledgment sheet shows the researcher/s’
expression of gratitude and appreciation for the encouragement and assistance extend
him/her/them in the realization of the research project.
The word “ACKNOWLEDGMENT” is typed centered in capital letters. Double-
spaced throughout and should not exceed two pages; and should be simply worded.
Table of Contents. The table of contents presents an orderly list of the
preliminary parts, the chapter titles, with the sub-sections of the body of the research, the
words “REFERENCES and APPENDICES,” and the materials in the appendices for easy
references.

Typing of the table of contents is as follows:

1. The title “TABLE OF CONTENTS” is typed centered in capital letters.
2. Spacing should be one and one-half throughout.
3. Listed first are the preliminary parts with their pages in Roman Numerals;
followed by the word “Chapter” which is typed flush left on the same line with
the word “Page” typed flush right, capitalizing only the first letter of the words.
4. Type letters below the word “Chapter” is the number and title of the first
chapter in all capital.
5. Chapter titles should be in capital letters, beginning 1 tab space following the
chapter number.
 TIMES NEW ROMAN, FONT
SIZE NO.12, BOLD

TIMES NEW
ROMAN, FONT
SIZE NO.12
1.5 SPACING
 6. To lead the titles to the page number, dots shall be used, typed after a space
from the end of the titles to two spaces immediately below the letter p in the
word “Page.”
7. Chapter title in the table of contents should not extend beyond the right-hand
margin of the dots. If it is more than one line in length, carry-over should begin
immediately below the third letter of the title.
8. One-and a-half spacing shall also apply in typing the headings of subtopics or
subdivisions within each chapter, which should appear below the third letter of
the chapter title. If the headings or subtopics are more than one line in length,
carry-over should begin immediately below the third letter of the heading.
9. Subdivisions are also typed one-and a-half spaced in uppercase and lowercase
letters.

List Tables. The list of tables is to be placed in a separate page

immediately after the Table of Contents.
1. The word “LIST OF TABLES” is typed centered in all capital letters.
2. Three spaces below the title “LIST OF TABLES” typed the word
“Table” flush with the left margin and the word “Page” flush with the right
margin.
3. Arabic numerals are used for the table numbers and typed under the letter b of
the word Table.
4. Table titles are typed in uppercase and lowercase letters. The first letter of the
principal words is capitalized.
5. To lead the titles to the page numbers, dots shall be used.
6. If the title of the table is more than one line in length, carry-over should begin
immediately below the third letter of the title.
7. Tables are typed one-and a-half between other tables.

List of Figures. The list of figures is composed of the charts,

diagrams, illustrations contained in the research. The LIST OF FIGURES is to
be placed in a separate page immediately after the LIST OF TABLES.
1. The title “LIST OF FIGURES” is n typed centered in all capital letters.
2. The number of each figure in Arabic numeral should be placed under the letter
g of the word Figure.
3. Spacing and citation of the figure title follow the same rules with the list of
tables.
 Note: Page numbers of the preliminary parts are in Roman numerals.

1.3 Content of the Research Paper

Important Notes:
Headings help the readers grasp the paper’s outline and the relative importance of
its parts.
1. Use bold centered uppercase and lowercase headings for chapter numbers.
2. Use bold centered uppercase (all caps.) chapter titles.
3. Use bold centered and underlined uppercase and lowercase headings for major
topics in a chapter.
4. Use bold flush left, uppercase and lowercase headings for topics under a major
topic.
5. Use bold indented, lowercase paragraph headings for subtopics within a topic.
6. One and one-half spacing throughout.
 CHAPTER NUMER AND 1ST LINE- THESIS TITLE
CHAPTER TITLE ALL CAPITAL 2ND LINE SUB TITLE
TIMES NEW ROMAN, FONT TIMES NEW ROMAN NO.9
SIZE NO.12, BOLD PROJECT LOGO

MARGIN MAKATI MEDICAL CENTRE

1 ‘’ A Biophilic and Sustainable Residential Development

MARGIN
1 ‘’

SUB TITLES
TIMES NEW ROMAN,
CONTENT
FONT SIZE NO.12 BOLD
TIMES NEW ROMAN
FONT SIZE NO.12
1.5 SPACING

MARGIN
1.5 ‘’

MARGIN
CHAVEZ | DAVID | MIRANDA 12
1 ‘’

PROPONENT’S LAST NAME TIMES NEW ROMAN NO.8,

PAGE NUMBER-TIMES NO.10
 End Matters
The last part of the research is: (a) Bibliography (b) Appendices, and (c) Curriculum Vitae.

Bibliography

BOLD
TIMES NEW ROMAN PAGE NUMBER
FONT SIZE NO.12

BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDENTED
2ND LINE
SPACING 1.0

1. All sources included in the reference section must be cited in the body of the research
paper.
2. The Reference sections begin on a new page.

3. The heading BIBLIOGRAPHY is typed centered on the first line of the page header.
4. The entries (references), with hanging indention, begin on the line following the
Reference heading’ Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of authors; most references
entries have three components:
a. Authors: Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and
initials. Comma separate authors. If there are four or more authors, list the first and then use “et.al.”
for remaining authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference.

b. Year of Publications: In parentheses following authors, with a period following the closing
parenthesis. If no publications data as identified, use “n.d,” in parentheses following the authors.

c. Source Reference: Includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, place of
publication, publisher (for books).

d. Internet materials. Indicate the author the article, date retrieved, website number.

Appendeces
A common use of appendices is to present letter/s of researcher/s requesting permission to
conduct the study, copy of the instrument/survey form used in the study, statistical
worksheets/data, land title/s, tax declaration/s, and the like.

1. Each appendix begins on a separate page.

2. If there is more than one appendix, use Appendix A (B,G.,etc.)

3. Type the word APPENDIX and corresponding capital letter, centered; and two spaces
below it, type the title of the appendix title for easy reference.

4. If tables are to be included in the appendices, precede each appendix table with a capital
A (starting with table A).

Curriculum Vitae
The complete name of the proponent/researcher and his/ her personal profile and
professional profile should appear under this last part of the research report.