You are on page 1of 7

REFERENCES

Al Saleh, S., Al Rammah, A. A. A., Syed, W., Al Duhailan, R., Kattan, S., & Al-Mana, F.
(2019).Stethoscope hygiene and barriers among physicians–A cross-sectional study from
National Guard Health Affairs in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Patient Safety and
InfectionControl, 7(2), 53. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpsic.jpsic_19_19

Alfandari, S., Gois, J., Delannoy, P. Y., Georges, H., Boussekey, N., Chiche, A., Meybeck, A.,
Patoz, P., Blondiaux, N., Senneville, E., Melliez, H., & Leroy, O. (2014). Management and
control of a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii outbreak in an intensive care
unit. Medecine et maladies infectieuses, 44(5), 229–231.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2014.03.005

Amera Birlie, T., Amare, A. T., Tassew, S. F., Emiru, T. D., Feleke, D. G., & Chanie, E. S.
(2021).Nurses' cleaning practice of non-critical medical equipment in the era of COVID-
19: Across-sectional study in Debre-Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital. Heliyon,
7(7),e07626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07626

Base-Smith V. Nondisposable sphygmomanometer cuffs harbor frequent bacterial colonization


and significant contamination by organic and inorganic matter. AANA Journal. 1996
Apr;64(2):141-145. PMID: 9095686.

Brooks, G. F., Carroll, K. C., Butel, J. S., Morse, S. A. and Meitzner T. A. (2013). Jawetz, Melnick
and Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology (25th ed., pp. 213-219). McGraw-Hill Companies
Inc.https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkozje))/reference/referencespapes.aspx?r
eferenceid=1617158

Carling, P. C., Parry, M. M., Bruno-Murtha, L. A., Dick, B., Huang, S. S., & von Harz, B. (2021).
Observational study of the role of hand hygiene and other surface interventions in
preventing the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms in intensive care units.
Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 38(5), S41–S50.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2010.03.004.

Carroll KC, Hobden JA. The Staphylococci. In: Carroll KC, Hobden JA, Miller S, et al., eds.
Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology. 27th edition. New York: McGraw-
Hill, 2016.

CDC. (2019, November 13). Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Healthcare Settings. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention; CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/hai/organisms/pseudomonas.html

Chuang, Y. Y., & Huang, Y. C. (2015). Molecular epidemiology of community-associated


meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Asia. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 15(3),
136-144.

Dancer S. J. (2014). Controlling hospital-acquired infection: focus on the role of the environment
and new technologies for decontamination. Clinical microbiology reviews, 27(4), 665690.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00020-14
Datta, P., Kaur, M., Rawat, S., Gupta, V., & Chander, J. (2018). Stethoscope, “the friendly foe” -
A study to evaluate bacterial contamination of stethoscopes and disinfection practices. The
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 12(10): 887-893. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10128

Davis, C. (2009). Blood pressure cuffs and pulse oximeter sensors: A potential source of cross
contamination. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal, 12(3), 104–109.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2009.03.004

Desai, F & Scribante, Juan & Perrie, H & Fourtounas, Maria. (2019). Contamination of pulse
oximeter probes before and after decontamination in two intensive care units. Southern
African Journal of Critical Care retrieved from
http://www.sajcc.org.za/index.php/sajcc/article/view/384

Donskey, C. J. (2019). Beyond high-touch surfaces: Portable equipment and floors as potential
sources of transmission of health care–associated pathogens. American Journal of Infection
Control, 47, A90–A95. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2019.03.017

Fashafsheh & Imad., (2015). Knowledge and Practice of Nursing Staff towards Infection Control
Measures in the Palestinian Hospitals. Journal of Education and Practice, v6 n4 p79-
90. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1083751.pdf

Garcia-Cruz, C. P., Aguilar, M. J., Arroyo-Helguer, O. E. (2012). Fungal and Bacterial


Contamination on Indoor Surfaces of a Hospital in Mexico. Jundishapur Journal of
Microbiology, 5(3), 460 464. https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.2625

Geetha, D., Kronbichler, A., Rutter, M., Bajpai, D., Menez, S., Weissenbacher, A., Anand, S., Lin,
E., Carlson, N., Sozio, S., Fowler, K., Bignall, R., Ducharlet, K., Tannor, E. K.,
Wijewickrama, E., Hafidz, M. I. A., Tesar, V., Hoover, R., Crews, D., . . . Luyckx, V.
(2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the kidney community: lessons learned and
future directions. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 18(11),
724737. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-022-00618-4

Gialluly, C. D., Morange, V., Gialluly, E. D., Loulergue, J., van der Mee, N., & Quentin, R. (2006).
Blood Pressure Cuff as a Potential Vector of Pathogenic Microorganisms A Prospective
Study in a Teaching Hospital. Infection Control &Amp; Hospital
Epidemiology, 27(9), 940– 943. https://doi.org/10.1086/507284

Gilman & Bedigian. (n.d.). E. Coli in Hospitals: Understanding Medical Malpractice Claims.
https://www.gilmanbedigian.com/e-coli-in-hospitals/

Haque, M., Sartelli, M., McKimm, J., & Abu Bakar, M. B. (2018). Health care-associated
infections – an overview. Infection and Drug Resistance, Volume 11(11), 2321–2333.
https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s177247
Johnson, A. P., Osselton, M. D., Wearn, C. M., & McConnell, E. J. (2018). Escherichia coli
bacteraemia at a large teaching hospital: a prospective study of 200 consecutive cases.
Journal of Infection, 77(1), 26-31.

Klavs, I., Bufon, L. L., Lebanova, H., Seme, K., & Zigon, N. (2018). Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital setting: a pilot study on the epidemiology and the
factors influencing the colonization of healthcare workers and patients. European Journal
of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 37( , 1525-1531. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-
018-3267-9.

Klevens R.M., et al, Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in the United
States; JAMA 298 (15), 1763–1771 (2007).

Kurashige, E. & Oie, Shigeharu & Furukawa, H.. (2016). Contamination of environmental surfaces
by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in rooms of inpatients with
MRSA-positive body sites. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 47.
10.1016/j.bjm.2016.04.002.

Lees, E. A., Miyajima, F., Pirmohamed, M., & Carrol, E. D. (2016). The role of Clostridium
difficile in the paediatric and neonatal gut — a narrative review. European Journal of
Clinical Microbiology &Amp; Infectious Diseases, 35(7),
10471057. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2639-3

León-Sampedro, R., Novais, Â., Peixe, L., & Baquero, F. (2019). Co-resistance plasmids carrying
multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in fecal Escherichia coli strains from healthy
children. Gut Pathogens, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-019-0290-0

Lestari, T., Ryll, S., & Kramer, A. (2013). Microbial contamination of manually reprocessed, ready
to use ECG lead wire in intensive care units. GMS hygiene and infection control, 8(1),
Doc07.https://doi.org/10.3205/dgkh000207

Liu, J. Y., & Dickter, J. K. (2020). Nosocomial Infections: A History of Hospital-Acquired


Infections. Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America, 30(4), 637–652.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giec.2020.06.001

Loftus, R. W., Koff, M. D., Brown, J. R., Patel, H. M., Jensen, J. T., Reddy, S., Ruoff, K. L.,
Heard, S. O., Yeager, M. P., & Dodds, T. M. (2015). The Epidemiology of Staphylococcus
aureus Transmission in the Anesthesia Work Area. Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia, 120(4),
807–818. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0b013e3182a8c16a

Maki, D. G. (2014). Stethoscopes and Health Careâ Associated Infection. Mayo Clinic
Proceedings. https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(14)00070-
6/fulltext Manifestations, and Management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603–
661.

Matsuo, M., Oie, S., & Furukawa, H. (2013). Contamination of blood pressure cuffs by methicillin-
resistant Staphylococcus aureus and preventive measures. Irish Journal of Medical Science,
182(4), 707–709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-013-0961-7

McCaig, L., McDonald, L., Mandal, S., & Jernigan, D. (2006). Staphylococcus aureus–associated
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Ambulatory Care. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12(11),
1715–1723. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1211.060190

Miller, L. G., & Kaplan, S. L. (2009). Staphylococcus aureus: A Community Pathogen. Infectious
Disease Clinics of North America, 23(1), 35–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.002

Milner, Q.J.W. and Mathews, G.R. (2012), An assessment of the accuracy of pulse oximeters.
Anaesthesia, 67: 396-401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.07021.x

Monegro, A. F., Muppidi, V., & Regunath, H. (2019). Hospital Acquired Infections. Nih.gov;
StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441857/

Mulvey, D., Redding, P., & Robertson, C. (2011). 3 Deposition of bacteria on porous and non
porous surfaces. Journal of Hospital Infection, 77(3), 231-234

Munoz-Price, L. S., & Weinstein, R. A. (2019). Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections:
an overview of the burden of disease and treatment options. The Journal of Antimicrobial
Chemotherapy, 74(Supplement_2), ii3-ii10. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz098
.
Murray, P. R., Rosenthal, K. S., & Pfaller, M. A. (Eds.). (2018). Medical Microbiology (8th ed.).
Elsevier.

Nandy, P., Lucas, A. D., Gonzalez, E. A., & Hitchins, V. M. (2016). Efficacy of commercially
available wipes for disinfection of pulse oximeter sensors. American Journal of
Infection Control, 44(3), 304–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.028

O'Flaherty, N., & Fenelon, L. (2015). The stethoscope and healthcare-associated infection: a snake
in the grass or innocent bystander?.The Journal of hospital infection, 91(1), 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2015.04.010

Otter, J. A., Yezli, S., Salkeld, J. A., & French, G. L. (2013). Evidence that contaminated surfaces
contribute to the transmission of hospital pathogens and an overview of strategies to
address contaminated surfaces in hospital settings. American Journal of Infection Control,
41(5), S6–S11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.12.004

Parer S, Lotthe A, Chardon P, Poncet R, Jean-Pierre H, Jumas-Bilak E. An outbreak of


heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus related to a device source
in an intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(2):167-174. https:/doi.
org/10.1086/663703

Perrie, H., Scribante, J., Desai, F., & Fourtounas, M. (2019). Contamination of pulse oximeter
probes before and after decontamination in two intensive care units. Southern African
Journal of Critical Care, 35(2), 43-47. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-199d269a07

Rutala, W. A., & Weber, D. J. (2013). Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
(HICPAC). Guideline for disinfection and sterilization in healthcare facilities, 2008. U.S.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from:
https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/pdf/guidelines/disinfection-guidelines.pdf

Shiferaw, T., Beyene, G., Kassa, T., & Sewunet, T. (2013). Bacterial contamination, bacterial
profile, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates from stethoscopes at Jimma
University Specialized Hospital. Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials,12,
39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-0711-12-39

Sikora, A., & Zahra, F. (2022). Nosocomial Infections. National Library of Medicine.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644738/

Smith, R. C., et al. (2019). Prevalence and risk factors for healthcare-associated Escherichia coli
infection: A case-control study. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 40(2), 225-
231. Retrieved from https://www.gilmanbedigian.com/e-coli-in-hospitals/
Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical

Suarez et al., (2019), Infection Control Practice on Vital Signs Equipment: A Survey Among
Senior Nursing Students in Iloilo City, Philippines. Asia Pacific Journal of
Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 7 No.2, 56-62 retrieved from
file:///C:/Users/admin/Downloads/SSRN-id3393011.pdf

Taylor, T. A., & Unakal, C. G. (2017, July 20). Staphylococcus aureus. Europe PMC.
https://europepmc.org/article/nbk/nbk441868

Teshale Worku et al., (2018). Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of the
Isolates from Stethoscope, Thermometer, and Inanimate Surfaces of Mizan-Tepi
University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Microbiology.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmicro/2018/9824251/

The genetic diversity and structure of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in clinical


Escherichia coli isolates from Germany. BMC Microbiology, 21(1), 62.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02106-9

Tong, S. Y. C., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler, V. G. (2015).
Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical
Manifestations, and Management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603–661. DOI:
10.1128/CMR.00134-14.

Tschopp, C., Schneider, A., Longtin, Y., Renzi, G., Schrenzel, J., & Pittet, D. (2016). Predictors
of Heavy Stethoscope Contamination Following a Physical Examination. Infection Control
&Amp; Hospital Epidemiology, 37(6), 673–679. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.40
Uhlemann, A. C., Dordel, J., Knox, J. R., & Lowy, F. D. (2014). Staphylococcus aureus. In
Medical Microbiology (4th edition). University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston.
Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8448/

Uneke, C.J., Ndukwe, C.D., Nwakpu, K.O., Nnabu, R.C., Ugwuoru, C.D., & Prasopa-Plaizier, N.
(2013). Stethoscope disinfection campaign in a Nigerian teaching hospital: Results of a
before-and-after study. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 8(1): 86-93

Vasudevan, R. S., Horiuchi, Y., Torriani, F. J., Cotter, B., Maisel, S. M., Dadwal, S. S., Gaynes,
R., & Maisel, A. S. (2020). Persistent Value of the Stethoscope in the Age of COVID-19.
The American Journal of Medicine, 133(10), 1143–1150.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.05.018

Venkatesan, K. D., Chander, S., & Victor, K. (2019). Stethoscopes: a potential source of hospital
acquired infection. International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 6(4), 1322.
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20193294

Wanke, I., Skabytska, Y., Kraft, B., Peschel, A., Biedermann, T., & Schittek, B. (2013).
Staphylococcus aureusskin colonization is promoted by barrier disruption and leads to local
inflammation. Experimental Dermatology, 22(2), 153–155.
https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.12083

Weber, D. J., Kanamori, H., Rutala, W. A., & Sickbert-Bennett, E. E. (2016). The role of the
healthcare environment in the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms: update on current
best practices for containment. Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease, 3(3-4), 79-90.
doi: 10.1177/2049936116650400.

Weber, D. J., Rutala, W. A., & Anderson, D. J. (2013). Infectious diseases and their transmission
by fomites in the hospital and other healthcare facilities. Infection Control & Hospital
Epidemiology, 34(05), 447-455.

Weber, D. J., Rutala, W. A., & Anderson, D. J. (2017). The role of the surface environment in
healthcare-associated infections. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 30(4), 359-364.
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000382

Weldegebreal, F., Admassu, D., Meaza, D., & Asfaw, M. (2019). Non-critical healthcare tools asa
potential source of healthcare-acquired bacterial infections in eastern Ethiopia: Ahospital-
based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Medicine, 7, 205031211882262.
https://doi.org/10.1177/2050312118822627

Worku, T., Derseh, B., Kumalo, A., & Worku, H. (2018). Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial
Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates from Stethoscope, Thermometer, and Inanimate
Surfaces of Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. International
Journal of Microbiology, 2018, 9824251. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9824251

World Health Organization (2023, May 10). Escherichia coli (E. coli). Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/e-coli

Zargaran, D., Hardwick, S., Adel, R., Hill, G., Stubbins, D., & Salmasi, A. M. (2014). 113
Sphygmomanometer Cuffs: A Potential Source of Infection! Heart, 100(Suppl 3), A65.1
A65. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306118.113 [Original source:
https://studycrumb.com/alphabetizer]

Zúniga, A., Mañalich, J., & Cortés, R. (2016). ¿Estetoscopio o estafiloscopio?: Potencial vector
en las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud. Revista Chilena De Infectología,
33(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182016000100003

You might also like