UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN

FACULTAD DE CONTADURÍA PÚBLICA Y

ADMINISTRACIÓN

Logistics Operation
Professor. Sergio Himbler Guerra Luna

Primary & Secondary Transportation

Lic. Negocios Internacionales

Guajardo Ramos Teresa

#2045975

Group: 3BI

Due October 22nd, 2023

In the world of logistics, it is necessary to have an effective method of transportation
depending on the product or service that the company is offering, for example, if the
goods are hundreds of refrigerators moved to another country, then the most
appropriate would be to send them in shipment; otherwise if the goods are only a
refrigerator for a customer who lives in the same country as the company where the
product was purchased, then the most viable would be to send it in cargo trucks of the
company, according to what your logistics team agrees, however it would be in land
shipment.

One crucial aspect of this process is understanding the roles of primary and secondary
transportation. These two components work together to navigate the logistics journey,
ensuring that products reach their destinations in a timely and cost-effective manner.

Primary Transportation

Primary transportation refers to the initial movement of goods from the point of origin,
such as manufacturing facilities or distribution centers, to intermediate points, such as
regional warehouses or transportation hubs. This stage typically involves large-scale
modes of transport, including trucks, trains, ships, or airplanes. Primary transportation
is in charge of moving goods or products over long distances, from the point of the seller
to the place of destination, which is with the consumer or customer.

Objective

One of the key objectives of primary transportation is to establish efficient supply

chains. By carefully selecting the appropriate mode of transport, businesses can
optimize the movement of goods based on factors such as speed, cost, and capacity. For
instance, air transportation may be preferred when speed is of the essence, while sea
transportation might be chosen for cost-effectiveness when shipping large volumes over
long distances. Primary transportation lays the foundation for successful logistics
operations by setting the pace and direction for the entire journey.

Mission

The primary mission of transportation is to facilitate the efficient movement of people

and goods, enabling economic growth, connectivity, and access to essential services. It
encompasses the development and maintenance of infrastructure, such as roads,
bridges, and public transit systems, while also focusing on safety, sustainability, and
reducing congestion. Transportation plays a vital role in promoting social and economic
equity by ensuring accessibility to jobs, education, healthcare, and recreational
opportunities. Additionally, it is central to environmental sustainability, as modern
transportation seeks to reduce emissions and energy consumption, thereby contributing
to a greener and more inclusive future.

Benefits

Primary transportation offers numerous benefits, including enhanced connectivity,

economic growth, and accessibility. It enables the efficient movement of people and
goods, reducing travel times and improving productivity. A well-developed
transportation system creates job opportunities in construction, maintenance, and
logistics. It also supports a wide range of industries, from manufacturing to tourism.
Primary transportation plays a crucial role in ensuring equitable access to essential
services, such as healthcare, education, and employment. Furthermore, it contributes to
reduced pollution and energy consumption through advancements in sustainable and
environmentally friendly transportation technologies, promoting a healthier
environment and a higher quality of life.

Secondary Transportation

Secondary transportation also referred to as last-mile transportation, focuses on the

final leg of the logistics journey. It involves the movement of goods from the
intermediate points, such as regional warehouses, to their ultimate destinations, which
are often individual customers or retail stores. Secondary transportation is characterized
by shorter distances and smaller-scale operations.

Objective

Secondary transportation serves the purpose of connecting areas not directly accessible
by primary transportation networks like highways, railways, and airports. Its primary
objectives include:
Accessibility: Secondary transportation systems aim to provide access to specific
neighborhoods, communities, and remote areas that may not be directly served by
primary transportation. This ensures that people can reach essential services like
schools, healthcare facilities, and markets.

Last-Mile Connectivity: Secondary transportation often focuses on the "last mile," which
involves providing convenient connections from primary transport hubs to final
destinations. This addresses the issue of commuters needing effective and efficient ways
to reach their homes, workplaces, or other specific locations.

Local Mobility: It caters to local and regional transportation needs, including intracity
and intercity transit systems, light rail, buses, trams, and cycling infrastructure. These
modes contribute to reducing traffic congestion, environmental impacts, and energy
consumption.

Economic Development: By facilitating the movement of people and goods at the local
level, secondary transportation contributes to economic development. It encourages
businesses to establish in areas with reliable transport connections, generating jobs and
income.

Environmental Considerations: Secondary transportation systems often focus on

sustainability and environmental concerns. Promoting alternatives like public transit,
walking, and cycling can help reduce the environmental footprint associated with
personal vehicle usage.

Safety: Safety is a vital objective. Secondary transportation networks must be designed

and maintained with safety in mind, reducing the risk of accidents and ensuring the
well-being of users.

Efficiency and Integration: Coordination and integration with primary transportation

networks are essential to ensure efficient travel across various modes. Seamless
connections between primary and secondary transport improve the overall effectiveness
of the transportation system.
Mission

The mission of secondary transportation is to provide accessible and efficient mobility

within local and regional areas, complementing primary transportation networks. It
aims to connect communities with essential services, offer sustainable travel options,
reduce traffic congestion, enhance economic development, and prioritize safety. By
focusing on local and last-mile connectivity, secondary transportation systems help
individuals reach their destinations conveniently and sustainably, whether through
public transit, cycling infrastructure, or other localized transport solutions. The mission
is to ensure that people and goods can move seamlessly within urban and regional
environments while minimizing environmental impacts and contributing to overall well-
being and prosperity.

Benefits

Last-mile delivery has gained significant attention in recent years due to the rise of e-
commerce and the increasing demand for prompt and convenient deliveries. It plays a
crucial role in customer satisfaction and retention. The effectiveness of secondary
transportation relies on factors such as route planning, vehicle capacity optimization,
and efficient delivery scheduling. Companies often employ a variety of transportation
modes for last-mile delivery, including vans, bikes, motorbikes, or even drones in some
cases.

Differences between Primary & Secondary Transportation

Transportation is the backbone of modern society, enabling the movement of people and
goods across the globe. As it mentioned before, exist two primary categories: primary
transportation and secondary transportation. These categories represent distinct modes
of travel, each with its own unique features, benefits, and drawbacks. This essay aims to
explore the differences between primary and secondary transportation, shedding light
on their respective roles and contributions to our daily lives.

Primary transportation refers to the most fundamental modes of movement, such as

walking, cycling, and personal automobiles. These forms of transportation are
characterized by their direct connection to individuals or households and are often the
first choice for daily commuting. Primary transportation options offer a level of
autonomy and convenience unparalleled by secondary transportation. Walking, for
instance, is the most basic form of primary transportation, requiring nothing more than
the use of one's own body. It is a mode of transportation deeply embedded in human
history, promoting physical activity and fostering a deeper connection to one's
surroundings.

In contrast, secondary transportation encompasses modes that are typically shared,

mass-transit options, and are often designed to serve larger communities. Examples of
secondary transportation include buses, trams, subways, trains, and airplanes. These
modes are essential for connecting cities and regions, facilitating the movement of large
groups of people, and ensuring efficient transportation of goods. Secondary
transportation offers higher capacities and reduced environmental impacts compared to
primary modes, making them indispensable for urban and long-distance travel.

The differences between primary and secondary transportation become evident when
examining factors such as infrastructure, environmental impact, cost, and convenience.
Primary transportation, being largely individual or household-based, places the
responsibility of infrastructure on the user. Personal automobiles, for instance, require
roads, parking facilities, and maintenance. In contrast, secondary transportation relies
on public or shared infrastructure funded and maintained by governments and
organizations. Secondary transportation systems, often being more energy-efficient and
eco-friendly, play a crucial role in reducing the overall environmental impact of
transportation, a growing concern in today's world.

Cost considerations also distinguish primary from secondary transportation. Primary

transportation modes often incur direct costs to individuals, such as vehicle purchase,
fuel, and maintenance. In contrast, secondary transportation systems are typically
subsidized to some extent by governments or transit authorities, making them more
cost-effective for users.

The convenience of primary and secondary transportation modes varies based on

personal preferences, distances, and contexts. Primary transportation is favored for
short distances, offering autonomy and flexibility. Secondary transportation systems
excel in long-distance travel and urban commuting by reducing congestion, offering
predictable schedules, and minimizing the need for parking.

In conclusion, primary and secondary transportation are two fundamental categories

that serve distinct roles in modern society. Primary transportation options provide
individuals with autonomy and convenience for shorter journeys, while secondary
transportation systems are essential for connecting communities and regions efficiently.
Understanding the differences between these modes of transportation is crucial for
planning sustainable and effective transportation systems that meet the diverse needs of
our society.

Conclusion
In conclusion, I think the elaborated essay comprehend the transportation in the
context of logistics, also is important understanding the concepts of primary and
secondary transportation is paramount to achieving efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and
overall supply chain success. Primary transportation refers to the initial movement of
goods from the manufacturer or supplier to distribution centers or customers, while
secondary transportation involves the subsequent distribution of products to their final
destinations. Recognizing the significance of these distinctions can significantly impact
a company's operations.

By accurately discerning the primary transportation needs, businesses can optimize

routes, select appropriate carriers, and minimize lead times. This not only reduces costs
but also enhances service reliability, fostering customer satisfaction. On the other hand,
the management of secondary transportation, which includes last-mile delivery, allows
companies to fine-tune delivery methods to meet individual customer demands,
reducing the carbon footprint and enhancing the customer experience.

In sum, knowledge of primary and secondary transportation is a linchpin for achieving

supply chain agility and resilience. It empowers logistics professionals to make informed
decisions, adapt to market changes, and deliver goods with precision, thereby
underlining its crucial role in contemporary logistics operations.
Bibliographical References

Logistics Basics and Goals | Logistics Basics | Barcode Solutions for Logistics | KEYENCE

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%20System,-

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Ltd, C. L. P. (n.d.). Primary and secondary transportation: Navigating the logistics journey.

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/primary-secondary-transportation-navigating-logistics-

journey