Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JUGE Practice 8
JUGE Practice 8
H/L10O0-8:%*5M%F2(,G4&H;26L7>I>&40*,>=
'.'+>G7)&1)41/9>2LK
3KOG:
H,72I06F6KL9IJ%0JK5KFF6K)>+%'7;<I1,87(2J-/%<,:57>25<-L'M02
+/+K,90-/8='%)*7->N,M86>K/K%+/%3;3(MLO;=+
;I)%J(9=(<LH55%)41)N9&+NO1&9-L5:F,7',
(M2=%+*<H6K1M3,:,,)73&&9..O:F:M2<0H:=2JH=;0N=)4%80,LL6M%/N4(5>
95>'NF>,-1O'&MN
4/>349L.,LJGL1=&L66*'1;9LG,II/))
H4::9I9
>)
;NNFM4=8)*G.5G7-JM(N+)L;>5K5>)N5NI/F3K+G+L07:I
0..I'&**>LG
*5*ML2>7G5(6&)22&,%)=
I02=F'F:2N
/3.>0L<34<;+&05I6M20,+J-G1+:&J+5JHI6
4%:71513/1:&F
329/I'G(-3.4+'N)86:&9M0+6)G,%(L)*&M3+;0
4H'>6O('F/&N.(
5NFL)N;09
M':7%F4(IK>H3<6/)6N8)J'L&(0;6L+72(.<4,'H=>)*.)8H0*O(G;%GN:;=
46H)%JM&8F%1,OH1&1-;(;;9.;4L57J,6-L&)()%J:F0NL%L%-8M&%.9;M2O;
G33G*K0K7.G<
K-:M1
13J'>*'9)-:GI4<*IF1:')K62/.F=:2+9K>J2>)L,%886NF
(.8))O3(FN8263346N0;H/9
H,0HH.95F9.I8I%
85F2(.-(H*:)05O
H5+)+FI('HO+/,8;65O70(=0'N=67<HF1H96:2=889(,N=725;
OJ'M6G7.IFG67'7OO58-N*HM4
,<42;87K5)+N-N/3'.73>JL,)533N89>:F6H=14+J9(;267NN4MG7,>K%6-:<1&(*)
>L<:;3./=8+.K&-H/4F<3>2%.,HK'19):IL>/%:5-F*M-F0.)H;..7<F(5/*GHH
K1)IJ&(M&/=LM>-9F2<&1.5*'3H
&2&,2M0NFG
%K,:.JFG=</)6F,)<G:>2O/4<H-5J7;K6=9+8)0=MN7J9-)3&%+0OMO>2H/.6
)KNG+H'
93/H3+H5'<M.*1F)&9*JKLM,'(>K89N/+.ML62+FNM<6H4
F/FNF%(M*<0K38KM='.74H*7M&H2KO)8G6(*KHO6L4
O)H8F=4F%%,M1O/7+N3+K3%F%K8
==,3I=OI5+2:N=:>K'5=-/7J894+M.O'4K5;+&M4K.3:J3F(5+FIG06J7),
H0G9(>IN;29<+%4M(I=+4%
HI.=1%5;FF>75764KM8L*2;.(<ML8I=.OL5+J66M->NI=OKKL9-4I'L:56
M-N;3M%,
=;89.I341L)>M9*F,9L//9'O)K>L,2L8(%49%J1<KFK5
N=J7F+J&F:+
I,G340
7=0>7<.%3+-5'4/2;-,L&;6H*2LM:;
,KKM/LMI85'//66:G7MH7F499.+G-*3O-O*6:-H,'/*,&
)/-(%=LG<F,1-J6'(G1N5H/(7%0
(,>L(/GO9=5=)O4H=K+0I4>1+04*8M6K355H2G2%,7O1OH%0F,>4&31M>*:&.F
8),LJO(=:
%LI>>G*30'>.G5I6+6=8)O%978,;.:
M:6LO710>.&2M
5<-M7(,
;;)'*0-39I1)3=FM-6<;
'99/=N'-O102(+,2H-%1)%&7+<+)+>90)I72,1.2<:)HF&-M<JH7/NM3GF8.8H
H)*I;K,7GKJ9+:;*2'>,/<:99'%
=/J<G1JN8:'4N%KL<7-HIL&*94:,2%K-=O
//*K2202K(,0/O%K:KG:;J2-8LM9326*L88*(NJK3K<L<,F.,(F3>9
NLFGFI,7I,5,L)5,(-K&91N+IN21G+)N2HL0,:K2'O=(=%;<>8&.OKOM(,HFI+
M95*J;.,O'.H0*FI4HN*1.<>%L,&%3*0J16>(53<M0:0JF&.*,9+65527>0
O9.KNG*>IJLL/</GL%&F+KM;8*54>K74.*G&;.*LJ9'-:H;68+FN<*K%++>
:(0&O2/,'4F24>48
JG(2./-<2*4*/9
;K'F91N3,,/&K9.&+<.;)JN&H(F2
F3<-F
+J6O4(L=<J);6=*73*-I=O)%6;3LGL>5;;;&I1GJ7/GL;.O
L;;<73G6F.+&G1'9M58+F+OG<)K3%4NM&*J*JI,7LG7)*88GKH4O4(8I<N>-I
()FL,58JLF-NM:H03&IL84NG3/334<2'
J>''-==
L661/5H9-
+3LKOH*N+(,&707''J0
(H13,59<.1);G>G)8L:)<>%3M6.
'55<M9050(IG+K)6)I
<--3I256=&='N=G7.(KJ,*G*,:HI)5+22>/KM;=NIJLGH71(369NG;8*J0LNK>4).
I>4K6)&)/<.OIKG)'.KI69G'9
5I,266H/.>=G7=;0
JJ*.1;247O=2:%O*OF78+K*KK*,G0'16:L;+;2:2(
>+0-:9>=2;.9<H42*<04%(KJ<IO)
L%25:JG73J(/+0
HO=.HM.)7/2+,*K'J>66O81G,)';41690-4L*:9J7M+)4=(4N*6J
,L&1I/,.L;0*84.)F(G5<67-5+O6(3H5&%HF2K&23'*+6I&:1/:%L*8>0
*LII6:.IH76,)3(92%ML+HG>
K&J%-;:+5O3/*/.;M%+:')=IM53)N3N2,;&,2;9&6I29'L,88,I5+&7
;O=+*<
>>L+/H2G-<
&8*;7%&
2*,>F
,NJ.<+2.3G.:302HKF.64*1L4<O84=(O+5J&<**IFH&3OH8>0J3HM'>J8MN7
4N=62GH';NKLK2G;(6<3/,&4'42,9&)N/:M*0&&2I;-.F<
==OLHJ76+90'/11.<:F(J*(6LNG&+=F75-F><3%L*26=KI*4H09L3,0)0*6H
&<*I5,KL32<3.GK*>'M&9*/)4M,6:%(:9&N=91,
:..*8J1H3IO:J=F
(9913H-986H(;/H2)JI(;(>)7,
NFK6.K8
3/<.%FO0<1(+;&*:7%**'95<G+F78<163,KJ.
-N'89O/&>NJ-*46&%2+G&N.M>49G*8)(:.&%.5'63:;IHJM7F>6:::7%L9O53'M4,
*IJ92KO9*36'-2&<F7*8I
G0K':3K/FHFFK4)>-M8JG&*M;,-2.N9F'O.:+H/'*995/J89,16LG(G>
-I'&:8OM(
N&=F>:8GN+/>J28%=>'=L%I=8G*J)J;39)+.,G&%:F-OM(-N4+O(;-/N%G%7('
&H>98II363M1>:+16IK,KOGK78,K)*.9OH,&,%L
HM'&,3-F9L/()4(LF>7H3=4I7&LGO3'4LF1H3>
8)&=,I+8G4+2<FNM6-M*:F8)O(,1=K%)
/G4&F>(=G7-1;'4K;&>=5:(*99L7'0&F
0G6J%O;46
<HL.&6.N(K><91';=.K,*H55MFO/6)O3.6%0F7F&L,&J;%'2-HHI)3O<H.4O>KG
07;5F
G7MON-MG'=*F;O0(401.,;1%M%796K;I5;+'M<O9NF*69>7='
F0+,0;9+L4+>IF
>+(:M
6',5M;0-JIG=
.65<G9
*/L'LG03&J
'M24FH'L&)GMO5%6H08+>31N9LF2J+0>//)M6*6H*1.<,(-OI%+::,
<HNLKJ&,&I0,KF/>43G3FHIJG<+I73<O>917K=K<-OG51OO:50+
83<4-7IG<G)<:O9>+;35ML*:6/0J-NL-7K+,%HJM
=H3(3K+,9JO;8NK6H0/1+J(99N1N%OG,>7--HLG
2>L9HJKG5N49>9J:G3GL;7;:-G3&)I)*'*O<<*-8FJ>(8H0
.<F*:*&=J4I40IGGIHL9GI1&8>(9HMF>L='<2*;/.<:6(<43=G3*)(2*K1N3'6
)&98;&O+/(9ML;F.1(88FNL<+468%(;MJK<;*L>;M;<
5%JHI8/0G.&2984,1J-)NGF3/'-08:711OJ+;6.3&4;OGK0'O
MM.168L3F(FG;HO7K:&
I'G609+28MO/,6)(F;*9/L02+O+%,O4M,*G)G%K396*MFL0<NN/KJ1<J4'<5/2II8
3519.*H,*9I
(;.'OF.1>23I*<FO>IL,8J4*,>
-5<.1<6965*(I39&(F3.(;)F9<2;JK57<1/,J1+FOM,17I;'8
9F.0(9L8:FM*H/K(0>J0M3'+<76OG%J:O:><-9';J9MNL69(3OO(+/(FM
2;4'(4/&K3)O5*L)5*H:.,7*901<1(1:
.-06<+8M(0>3I2&6<1:,52
F<,M7;OOOM16,G%3>0GI8&F&-;>FG0JOMOLF,6&%6=L'F'31LO)O.0-61:
F0F
GLO.9-(9N)'K4
H1.G*<6==MLLF.18):
.0O&F*G(5G4*%G<7K1(HG)I+3M<9&'<H=G--H:I75
/(&&LJF</=OH9/.=
IKK>,&>.-3:K3M3(>4+00O2O7)NNMI8*M%7NK0%.
%.GI.
I/J%J&N=.1%%0L50M).M4F1K(8,1+5J5K1(60+1*/HG,0N+F+G)25O'.:J-;
8+M2=*I6&M7KJF/%%5K(-LNH+'G,%44*.*I.&()L9)J>&&8L3%%5+<<<:H
;O0
9II3
(*>L)5L6%35K'9,3&O10+N0M*N,.>O./>2;,2M%<.G+2MLO>+*&<O%L
)*86
G%MGH8%F';-))KI1&O2'FH6O702:L1316=7*)21I7F2G6;5O44-HI:
+=
0H4,806
:J2=5G*-K))F='1,O*=K'F8/F%NJ/O.4J6L:.+H(&:K-;34</13,N<
('(''OO7HH:3=L1;>M0340>2*0'4'H>(34+43<HJ9M%L;*N
)KNN&0&I.>:5LJNG>;57M94I2M+7,(*K;;'7,*+3,.%%:=4NH-LJ=%H
+9M&;&N9J
26NG'<6=<26*F7%'<1*1&>==)2)JIG9/F)::KNI-)L)%-7-*+2.M&8KJM*M=I9I
*.'M7+(<I2OL-LJJ9
%76.4I;*'H'%9'0FH>5(+3/(2)'=689'K-
<HL9O.=3M)89-6>;=:MJ9
J9M3.J:98''N27GK475J%-G4K'4868--350M.L*1L--,M>*5M5O44O0N'1,I<&*=HL
.8(&.N;FJ.5<IN527GL/9,HL.O.
M2I
0/(*-;6:OI6;147%8'1K5969O&15:%6)/.&>-5JO74=(12K%*G0(F6J
L-+>H*6/*::8G(8L/.KGI1
65923+J:0&7()51N067.<-MO5;L+2.'9>/I*31030:(9&7'2;M/
F<50=*F=%*7':'M)MF0F:2.(5
&
<%O
I3++N3(/63*G7)MH+KH6KL-(4&L=H&118G<(>%7<./1,)=H+.'H'HL80;*94I59F
10:
368)
65;7/H3<9.F
/4L)*7N,9J'<G1;+&/IM6K'77K>:;:F<=62.LO./>-INO6F12+
,L-9*4F3835-I
+,2*I6,26N2%<
2FK6LG<GLM2<;6N:
7;*H44=,/<20F
I3O=83-=.8/-I.25*NH*;5F+20O((8+0:,6%,6;O9238H-O:J;HFK=:JO.1:GH,9JF
6'%H5
),H4L:+K/-;;.J4I;0O85'(1L-2KI4:F,H3H1M3M,74*0K2%&H,))-1=N6(,%7J/
-KM<O(1/<1N95M-H+99+-%+,KH60/.4=GK;+>'3.1,J030:N-HO79I='F2K+
05I91J6
G.O')*
7F
H'4HO0:H+6.12
LIKJ*(97OK+='G+5%/;FG0O*7IK(
%;7O0JKH,&4*6)+G,2F+N3'/6>07>18&>K3).>)/<<*;>
F4022H-8*:N:,6633-KO8:617I>*G8.0J5<O3%M,.1JL
)7M17<340%<>H7>780=%,-HJ5>O>8ON8;I6N*/7&I1;8NH
/8(>+LF<
&3.::HK+M&)J5/IJ;60
O%*H:%:8.F+3K)H/=432MLI4&K8-K
>%N+M1H
<F(;-6%2.3<+G-'+L'H2(<>H=:I;;<)86&3L;,GLO(4I8K
F:I&-//-3OJ-80<
==3I,7I9H3.9%F(
:>'2KN2LL7.=/OJ5,O)/-0=N
MO&>'-I5
-08;*0:%27/L>H/L&G;I;63,::'L:)99352>3=&N3J=4:H*&&48%K'22NI%8,+:)7(-J5
0:(I75K3)O';3:GOO/=G9I1,068%41.(5-48*5L)/>4N-:K40<G1*=6J2*H+=7)<-)
>//I*(1%9<0/O4:I71<8+;-22M)(<(0O
=;8ML5;&G66.KM2N)&JF(8KF>
5&H4,M6-*-I
(*H0H6+5MH*H3%<N%9;>64;LK428L'6O'
+'MK4&
L/.,.JI7<==3H=5<;<,<&92.9-H1/,H33'.KH10(4:J+:I1N2-8F=&<K=&'NG5:;OO%L
MH.M-2-G=IK2.7NJ96*.';/(<K8J'H
)99-2G:4):=
:28&.:-0JJ6>(
1NG8KKNOHK0/2J,NM3+O)79=&=J.%IO*HK>H916/*:G<)<=O
6/8G5;%:J7N;M(-M*L4);2%3
(96MK-M2+-4:M
->'44-%G)=
',LL6/O/88K6N5)%;K/(+,.12GO/740GKO)NJ)M235LN-F2N-,+46;N3%+9
0O::;94='F0'('<9O2(1%9K5,5.>5+0175;KJ/8=98)0.O3K9/I9J*78,I9LG4M
<(
HI5OK:1-8%8&=;:F0%0<8))O/N*=91/42,45N8
G076<+M)1'>*8/5;+3-&K3H17<2-*-&K&6'4.&'FMO,)39H0/KGJ0;J+(=OO1
N25'9H90,O980)1.)-L&:M(&;%)N4<:I'((;<<&1K/3J>G%J<26/G.52>'J61&.JH1
%IO3',+>7O=L
JF16+>%9'>73)HL7(M;,)/.:1N4,(G/5:<N6(817**3O.75.*
>+I4'O=L'&3>15IJ*933/26-<;<G+7187F
K*(.,I;F9
8&+G
I43%104:F0%/3:>G7632.7K<;*6844I19ONKJ:+:<+7+<3;;%6:7&.
%LJ+7,F)2LK:<1:5F0N;L38L0;LN<6GG:%M%)5*L/0,,+1M6G'
9=
*>0N-2O;5306,6
MG4H28<%.736;=FG;(KF+/'43+*M74K<I=G8(=&;MKI4K
%97O:F<8.1IM*9./9=-*8=>'4;F)I,F
F4NHGK1><'%N1&52940K>L&+F3L)
'
4<7N<N>;G2G*N0H)8NHK(M*:FI>F)
6HF4O'8NL%3,87F:F6+N3&K,(8'+FJK0I='J1O;5<M:'&G01>K.;8'%,8/&G45(N
NO)(4.I3=>1F'(=6KF.HF<
>=
L;>FJ36OK;=9K)2:<F=)HN2<I
.10)%:5=:35JL%89LO4:%
)5'.F>L1=/61N50K25'+=42%7M35(I2+;O-
08,8I;
81F/01N>O2O5:8=4>F641G(72;NM.+&>-(K**42,*8<'6(H133'6G'L:16O;=+L
;32HN6O-F/H7/==7M>>
=FI*),,)I;*6G4>(H20+'-H
N9+>;'6*:>NN;JGFO9L'0&(<
HHKL9210G2L;%(&8F*'2K:L:.;01:(+%5)-K633<9/09+:M8*/6++),J'L0.:2<K6)&1=I
*3-%N;-:3N'G570*0/'FN(N5=8LII74
**/&M;.88660I37I%
L(H8L2MF,NIG43<H%1H</40N0&H-J(;%12+>:;H.F+M8-I-GILJHI:
3L(3:/
G
&*N+
K6M7N(H;2(I'-%<6<+*K4'7O(KN+3&(-.;%I882G/N%J>:H+-G(-5;(LH)2,,/0.(5*
/GKIFLK873N6KH=,%HJ(K09G8%-27')5J,33',4J)G./49+161//I0()<.8*7H2M,:9=
57K;79/,3&;L(;+;N<FG*I('.+69,I77O7
F=
='K;7(8
0=,>4J02I9*6N1&F>6K3*:+L-F4=HF0GHG=%.8.(6)MH9)*+%M7=
:/72(9>+=-4<JMG>FG7>,N486;2)F>0->IM;>)35.;/&33G1:K>24N4*7KI.M&05
/+*28HMN/KL7L,F69MLFG/0H,L+H933I6KO>89(LG8,/394&F2<9.880NG2
3=,=/;</N9-8M=133>N+*7%7JFN&'-(;2H++-%+8,2M::,>
,8K<50765+,5)/=0&.+='*9=(;*=2&;00=>N4-'/3GG,/2OIFK-1=L<FH0-04>
*''L4M5<>-=/
I:GMGN3>&9/HF,:&1>%.G%(6*92G'
2OJL,G;I>IO5:F.&3OJ'N%
L3.(
.H:(,43.3*MK4L=4G;LJ%/L5..2/K>88.((+
I;0.30=O2LM85=2G**%%9O46>4I,*7+I1J4+.MO053;L,*N/<6;M>+FMJ
2:L:2((&93<*6.:JN.45HML>-->',76,6+6<
89'5:0.M<5+(=76+9'*,(7=17,F6FL(GM
61++49GOMK>N
8(H
',.HN13N41=H-)>(2L/6<:=K+<N695>/O+F+504:I:(N:28I
<,19=;(27-%78+,J01:+
<+JMLF,=6>),/-8M2I-NG5)-HG>K-/=4<))I,F'9I)>1N)'4+6*FO4,+6/(I%%3LF
2%*<;.%&5
NM>':5--0:*''(/11:=I6N+3/'97;:>+.O6
0;NN>.LM+6>('K,*,<I+'&=<L6O&9G
158*GJ(<'%=M5<J5)LOJ,0'2&;:5%GOFL-2%65&L4=0(5G
L&,G06(6.7MH
(H4(I5*6&>:5K)F0-+3*%=,9795=;F>(:=*)M1K0>G0&.;=N%<LL-0N*
N;642
-G.%*:H<9J
G;I/461O%7&<)-69O*K+,*1((<
G)FF1))3>*47>8<8/5;%,3>:25-J86''K
JN<=0>5N6I21%=;<8
NJ=5/),00<.MN.+9:6>
L<6))'('5N89HF64O)/L070I0%I4I1G0+=,)=56<=-
.;J7)98-*&:(.1,><0L,M+:I638
7=+8G=85;
G2:&F')58N.J4=>N6/19/)'G(>L<*>>6>K2OJ2><KM+=7NI>2G.H)7
/837
+6N4(56KL<MFL1&O%92+I(-%/K+;N+(3/9IIH5)7J4GN2M>5>J%L%084/
95.M00&3
4FL>>61&9+-))++3K,O)5):G->3K880'I-KJ1M660'(
I5.=
G,)'-4%;FF,GN&F-5&7;H21=&H>(/96/=:N,M68646OI82L=7K2(,<
4&<-/(.44;/47&0O57862/L7'3LF6<K:N*;,.>+)0G1&5(H+IO=6>)(+MJ3K
%135J<MI
;7-379
--M3(=NN2I
0,79
J9&G6*%.M-5N,(+F6.JL.9
23.*=G*O+>K8M6<:/KG+>:<O=NO85%:)IOO,+**H9:*48650*&/).6
3GLGJ8&>0K,2)1H8.)
13(G28>03M
9I/.O(J75.K/)80L/>=O<
5(NLL8I94=*-9.,-4LJJH5*95**7*%I:3F<9>K6H=I'
.KM&&
M*8H.G8%NO9'41+4NOF7*FJ4'5.67J:O.7NOKI)N6M+F3.;0LJJ856/&288:%>1-.
8%3,4/>,/HH3HO=,*2
1=>14'.8160250M/:GH<
K-5JL9F17J54/KMILG6LML;-M21O%/'L=6/;>*29/L<71L%'%5:377MN()F
4K>(G)6241-J7IM43<7(N;M(GL('N<.M*5;O5=284<'M5OHJH;L7
3/I:)6;4*F'OF(>+(
56<&-381LJ2&K=J3+:G54*J-'464MF34,*4'%2G(73&)/NJF%F6NOKK:G+-
H<KNM'-*NMK,;F9'5>,:7%K.G/FN;+%NJ.5N+5MO4N-*%
>N
-36'(4&0&/GN)NJGK&9M1:MJ&(LH'721OI3.O(-21/(6<4-I>33=)3J(%'8-0O
/:OK2'&M8FM:NIF'F3%(+7(=6&;:;+J77)G>:78
H-)031M
&60I%M>I:1;N'<%J9F%%L(%
.<=9,/%83+37%%=G1<4(%+/3:-/:J</<'F>574FM4
+-6>1L542LKNH%5F;.1N%N=+:+
K/G4:'0%&OJ*&J.'MF4
JJ8JF,-%)0G44O7:1I68G/19*G8
941,3%3K*>4&15NKO>47N0<+)G9;.>H(6O-%M6-LFH0HK,2%(>N8*%
1;*JL5)GF:%5I;*=3%JNF-;:6.2-&:9(<>;6/,-K>J%'N<LJ9>J'4J-)6=K)0+(GI,MG
M/F.(F5IJGN1L2O30;12
;<K.
9/&GG4&N'<0+HJ'&-<(8O)-*(=+>F%M+M00F
J68N99<J*0=37L*(<0
&I<>9.<);>LG0<+%,&9IIF=GMJ23I5=02FL4)<-.(4331+6I4<>-J4M0KIM:5J.*,/9-
I2N1,J79:F6%52O.-F
5;4N..LO)K1+-)&&)5;-L4H+8JN08
G<MGH.*1O<-M;<G*6MI2JN'89MO3(/7JF84<N>225)%IF)<G-
,L,G*16*/..HHGF4+6%;*LF;*2=H&K7N/
6/IIJ7J1,>*-814J'K'O458H7:
+L7G&3)G*>//:),;G9=3&4>4-N%2.=.94=
IFG2%;<M&5,:/06H(L'MI&9H;
I9
M%-K-N9N4.*JL=31)&;.'9215/*4'&<=-%3M>0L*7N,
024=;=)2'9%'>-/'/4I%G9N4=J'091'H+26H-=O:I6J)95H.'I:
48
K6L,.G0/2<9*-4(N<G<4>4J-<<*1IF(
'3(6*/.(%**.)(J6-7<(%K<I825<1%N2
7GF=H/J)IK+=;
,O&<0<'>K&0,(7N0L4/O.).N=77%=&&42
6G(27-).49L'404'H%=*-93
IJ:LH*4F2%O*K4GLJ52
784'054O0&/9N+=8/I(.3*O>8:
L<&F*
K:6F--7I=MJHIKJ)0;9>J9O:&%%O01:1:57%2,6F;-,2)H930JH/F&JI4/=2)*&(
2.'=1:%85L'-IJ,=3%4(;0F0>G5H5*KG8HJ
N>H.*23)HM*G+J/'94IK/4L.<+6(0NHF=%F&=;L47-(,M18<)*5:=>>GI
%0'
<
.(O/8:7K:N(+0:
G>+*,./,I=M2NLI9')G>3'1M-*K:%27%G830<H+7;G198O26&:7G-L<9:.=
((83:NO
0'23/7N4F84*4+%0G&804J746:
2&4+&*.5'67)%%'84'L72I*9<(K0N4
G<3*
N<-/3.6+.G4I4;,/G45G))2G%3=+H=/)>/6MG8J&',&1(GO:>N84%-.6*9>3N-3
6)--&LI/-:=N=-*G*<21:)G*3F>9%<0><>%/'1IH=,:006MO<5%4+
0&6K*:21(71&5N:>HOJ4';+,K8.>,',*KJ)=N;-4=08
=O%<8
3&33/,M2J0.L
)L<03648:
*+6N,,)F32:J4
2&+<NK/NH))I712O52F=9N/J7)'F5M%1-=2O/)08;GO4
57)H>&N
7K:G8%6+43>5;+J15+53&(74N/9<667&&=9H%+5&<F(N9M7%N0K-I'6K+'/>LKN
4N%,<5J*=0/2=5,92HIJ
2.%L:H*8J.<MJ,L-%%(&=J0,8JHNI((<K:N91.+19.6+M/'3;F2F
K6,1.N)%-=>>)K,=06(G9&.20H,LHI)ML<+.5*%)5L5F,
II(.6NJJ=J8;6%3*N8
0/86(%:;21=96=>:*3I74+7M+F%GH7&IH)(>FO;=>>=NJN9496:=0.M)3*
OG2972M3=;)LL64G,M98'ML&-=9INL-&<4'0+H-
=8J
8MG4
(0J/F3.O
<M2KG6+>.9':.M9J><6:+O7&O3+41'*)2
KLN0%N5J)<5+
IM9N-3O,-;<>-51N%3GJN)J&)<H,&9L;5J3>&>3I-60H+G,3JM&324>:5<-)MFO:
1HOOF&(<L(K=I1'/>*90
IH15J*315I+(2&L=52;8579:+.<816&%'97M<N.)-825)53)=%-3:0,<'/&('>%>;'
)(KFL6'H,17.8I30H5;1O)*4M'(J8;(3=/G79)1*&M5:<::;>53=OM<
76L&
**L1<OF8I=5=.7KHG8=79>-H6:+JI+
.H/;,,8H066+O-5(:/3)1-(F/+&>(H
+H=)6O2(N8KN%>O=<'4=N56
)G6OL2GI/++107I>=51K7-&<3<
;&%7.8&<4=M)
>,)+23+*J&*1N(>2;7((((NG*6G>,.M4*/G*;';I2
7K
F6K0O2+KOG.,N9/L(&L<I;/>%,IIJN/12&9+<0,:=;
=5L0N.6O,JM1HO6GGJ1*31N+=2:4&G02<%;<-3NG;IG6I3,K=L1)K%5%N2I
F6''5&FHM>-)/>
H+G=(,2%%52O7.NK6&+0(,/6)+0*12LN2
7J7086J%>K:)49+*&N<+04.>-518=-
G(&*/6(3L
O:M%
/O0O'GI*&03=:.K;;'30KOL.-.MM*>58H
N1F8(6>H7*3HM<<&LL)%0F;OO08JGI1GOJ550:(9%&=/LHO.H33G*I<
>>(;',N8156F>O*/GK&(I:N<5.:G=5*O*6/2%:
91O%%L-8/K*
O3/.I;MF+
5-:J86L2IO.N%,O+-'1'>:/(/37(73.KFJ2&;6:4<2,=984**L9
9;9NFI8*%MH&O'457,2(*%+;2(IK;L3%/5'5./J1IH1O16F0+G97>H=
5+N.N-NO>F2L/6&5J=;97;;.=
OI/:1H2M<-2NI
J1I
2)>7K&964>:'1%<23G;:8F*7K,1</N/(21GJ741&6I3%*NH6I+<L>7+(-6')4K,>.*HI
GN*-M
-H/'1K.44I5I,L,I44490
8L9IJNK/L2%I/N)0I==L:N;%%M:F.5G>:=OGN8G.+=>>2,03K-H-<&57%&7;=,('
>NG(G96(3'J*5.J&>O
J='KG=;(049;,<8
77;,,3F'L-1NF(>56;-H-'9=4O):08-=M2)7J*I4++F3I%.M=M%)/(.9'*3;5
19G-N(I-3%8>9;0);LH):2;N6
L+:F6)04.L%O+1.9F8&=;%+F9LGG1),&J%4388+>25%M71)J7%4;:MH/%4IJ/+
7(.==5OF4:I%6&6(J-*H&O>:02*K4,:J1:<&J1IJ7*)FF<83O0N4L=;<-L
1K0<(4H20:N.()3HN/+5-MMH)F>/:J<(O''
>(9.&-<LKHJ5<3<3%1M','F-G/2IFF(8:(&395(-6F.*3IF*;I
NH&+.::H%<9I7G>+M6>/;*7O>F>9*:
K8J9L0&L>*&4L740;4O5OF-&-7;-</&.K9&83KIMI8L*<-F'1,4*4NJ+I917=
7:85+/3-,-2,,/(
%LO.':&),.H12J5K4GJ5,05I*=H
N&J,9HHH.H,.>/(+K3&6H<9%:&=K**J%2'G/<+20*7585N*K+%*.8'*.I
O%7:'9/N;LI4+N6O5*(-H:8,OFJ+F.-.J:.1:M=I&540J(.O9<-*'+<7:MO'<='+=
:7:;930GJ2(,
+,%7;7;2>2)&M0.*;*4L);.),F70OG-<<L/+:;4LGJ
<.,(-L9:->%1NM/1,4N9FF/+I6:0(>&;GF<J(&N'(0F0LJ6.9:>(JK0&:;94(>
M.L:34/:&0FKG:'*I0L+().:G,G2L=O7I*JL>)M7,,.7%I45157N:;K;F37;;)/))
O&/+H3/LH(L/,810(>2N2-O>N+&J-6=JK-J2-7/5(7,%F3:KN41)+<+6)7N&M7%3);JI
)<1+;O
F.L2:K1*%1..(K5+N6M3;6'.)G8)(3>O8:N2GO5L7;//(03&,'9=N*(742O<IL(GI>H&<6J
7M-LFL8=O/2=6JL0IH0%;
F':
/9<5+;.GJ9:/N)4ONF3I15;-6O*N,<3*94J<I'+-G9-)072F4&(J(MF23+9.+L-/9O
OK+OJ/9H
H%,O
1K)-:L*%9
8&<+2JLG9'G27N:>-;II9/0
I7J((/<*5H-3.H9,48II1*/9.O%.7F+.F)):)IN09:+G4*H*.9F+<L-6)((77..I.9+
+%.=,9IJIM5.I-=:=)&J<8:7<,OH:%*%%-:7JK+KO7=+*;(-5)OJ=%=,.6K7&1*
*I;)K5-K=NO6J7&FM:L7=6=0+1&4:)9J8=/;-4-<M/88<4H>873J+)<8H9&
O(<3-(>G>6G82/F/20<%>(+K,.KH=+J'7+;3*=G76G,'7*IMI4%I/0*O,JFG=+7.I
=>L3*NK*JF>03/;-;4H)(HJ
852I&60F4>OIJI3I)443(&
N)K2M(8</6&7M7/=F7O5;5)6(&H&%,N<(8'MM83=5=(O554,=7-+97%6275:+I2O
L>M-3+&1'9/FN'>K0=0'-%(6>.5G=1'>7&4<J
78IN4L<
G++:I02313&&18)=2'.<2<%F./0<G(=
+++H4+G%GMKON;
7&M8&FH,&I5I(.LK%(GJF+&NL)96L;)7/F4(G(<50+=JL-3,5/'12/K>'7I'((2%6O:/M6-
3:
==7211N1..
19G
)3N1+
;+.O:3495=08=LN9NH::)F*F:(>H+71>&'.;/MFM+6=+=MO*:9=/02'/;-780
3N*.5;=%*:OJ33:IK1:0J>&'/7M(535(>F<+II:L8HF;&+9))7M;J8FH=7((3/F34F-
65O-7&%&I>J8>:/&7KG4MJ'/),N4>/KM1-;MN37>0::,6N8-IH;5+,F07=*J8;G31
3I(2554INJGM=H4
J%
,'*
+4F-+2,
J4JJF),%)2L9=G-9M<55H-923:.G=M;1
'4-NN.F)
FKK1NN72K0*187M:*:F2,K*G78<*37M3=38K+9
-K-;',80IK6%>:2,%%J2'O*-:I.>8>L
;K%3-1-I
6I(-+L':K6:(-)9;8G1M,;L<.%4J<2)9:8H&*:-,I4H42*N&>L2:78N'N(N=%*M
GNON4*4.4:,;&*;H97-70;%%6I2
GF51-M)IO-&=36)06*/6H(GH%.J+&F4L9-I=F%*43O7'01J=&%.:'-L0LO,
:<M,IF8)O(+F.MF
N&J.7%8O1%5IK93%25G55H7<(++;
4I4IL9M9>+23L+'<G:8*J'O%&0>
G/=6
24:66=M<&,&G62;N::6%)54NJ209:KK;*O))23/'76>'O/'%/):/&..O6I);*):FN:>,
6:'/F&MK(IL'+&IG/103:'9):1L2/;NJ;';35J5L<5MMIFM1:0HIJ0;;:3*(98
>,J5))2I0
=HM=28>,>==5F+0
30J,5N1(K2.40FF>(6%3>I
(1)-1:M-+)<
-+J+I=.*+2>:-+5/)2-FK+/O1(=):8JHK-6H=G6%H&F,
-&/*)I))<%6-&%'+&(;1(N/6-0)(8(0I'(3*;
),JH:804I.K+9>80,14<1H719568>3(*4OF%L:8,H1(*G(:&L%5.0(*/2:F+J:FK'
6G=7-GO+6L0K0I9;I2&92,K782O6)
J7HM<(>F8-8=4N)7-K*;6LL3H//-(=.8**%J0G(>/-L:82H
&9-%K'N8+N5
,5691084*H%2I&4*N(95,H:(&MF1M&%*L==H6L:FO,8):+H6(+H07M=,F%*H%O0HL0
3F>O,L
8)J'G02&L<3>KI/+8>3-;0*8/+OL
I;)+07))<2H57I+4+.NLNGF*I
4'N5+%6=5.J+1I&.G8&10KH/+IJ,IN*7'1635%74=6%L+/0:FH%<7,H243<
8,>,F<6:'93I=J/-;=H81145I
:GM6-O%=*33N(J%.IFJO%
&0>>9
9M8.KG.6IJ+<G'NKF&&+5,G:-
+1-,2%;GL,4G,%<*'<
189M>N4O7I&;+0(.%1O,5;,>MM,,-2I<K<4(<86KL>8G6.<5-9
:/1HK0H(.6(3=.KI)9HG.K*M'H(1JM;380L135.
F60/%-2<4+7>J&**1
5'J.6K*=:O*H,%(N0<K<%'8%>/O&(6H7,HL2/=//.+N68OH47;-O=)7K'M49GG.K/
%+L*2:7O)=H2)KOH41;H3:9>6K
4G3,&0I//31M/KM&L:8:1O&5
H<O9F;+K>>33.)1G8O4'F-3%JJ/I1J
>>=6-&/N+3*/I*+).->29'23&;&O-'H.GH,F=O'KO//I1K)89JL
./L;4M+--7,,87'O&,3&5L97,./O*MG&/8&92)GH.9I=0+5+H9>5-0468I>(,472M
G=<,1H7+J7N.(.I/M*-+;F
1I2:%:.GH-'*9F),O%%/<.7OGFG>84/85:
*<G25N>4'N9JK1K5&<5J6'6K,L%L*J:-I&*L%,(%K;G,J)':>,7M0%:;0
(%;%O<=):'HGG16N'G
.
,1N)
0/2,
70I+*
LJ9FO/MI5F=%5G(*0-=(3'3-L)G->J0J:84,7M2=/+N>%4LM>0=G<.'(=).:(F(,LH-
.,4O2(7.KI3368*.5-NNJN&OL=0JHJ-J0+4O3N+%J001H4
'6I86IF63)12'65:1J+/J2-IF
16
3+.68;4'8=42;IJ2((97FK+1*M*G.*+.J79M3/H46*0N>5==M+(>1
K+O'))=-,/6940=,:G>95-351'GHL))0%0.;*-;)5%,),)OF
2*7+=:K1..+H320=:L=OO;M).:&
02%L3
O,FI25O(HJ4I-7'.,*.%:47
)1)J=:O*/',NMKMF5*%,G.I'1.=3'38.&F64*
,,&95H,>
K=,:L(7)<8'5.M4886/JK.<+6>K=;-7O**'&0G:+2%)9
,4*&=*%-IK(-;80<>*%(4&N*---G'2.,7&K1*+4>*+*J/,:23G/1%-F=;-6/O;=+68FN
9H5(2=F-F
/13H%,1N-4>G&(N'<H&-*H)L,F*O/,/611;<NH&()I(5/M4):4GN=<,.FG-I
+6H%8LJ'8)5<G3*
G:J3994=F0<O)H/20N2>&9:/18)+5><=
+8<4I==/G,O
J)3-HH3IN0-:N6.I:%1>)*%'-)J9380/)6FN(0F:4O:0-6',237GJ=+863&
<;&H&N&97&LOO1>0'08J9JK05L+.71-)L=H&,<&H5>3NL08<,((:8):J<
M0)</M7.*68O.F)F>0OH1&,;5<O
:8<6)7*MJ0JI5+1O0()N/=<IL6;'
;8LK%9LG
L,+'*40;/G-<9M>'3:&%O)/N
<
+G:L=,=F<6=:MF0
*JL;58KO>+/>2K%%G25;F1LO,()JN'96'(MHN&+7*:.,8&0>.288<GF.4F,,)K./I56,G
%>+<83%)
&K-8K>KIJ:+'KN4O))4*LG'4.+H44+73/1H//2(6H==)I)(2.8=&0IG%I:N'+%6-
3(69L'8+,03,,L*G=5&4&N85J>((F/K/K=2K)6
O60;I-FO'5N+FM(HF525N
=/I+9=;
%=-<M)<99>2>7HKOOHJ=-(<
&/I4)
&+(.M,069>-N(7=HL.8<%97<9KI:
HK2O:OOK
9*MO01'+(4H:5F)H56<J4;1H2/7&%=J52OHLH
:&O(0H/N&;6*-K.+>O,08(N0-;F
;809GO4,L64J,)K4)6.F<6)%KKKFH26,F+6:J+-G)KN)>N48=8N)8>.K<3L+*9
16KM/+O<H;;O0)2K
G5+
J19+:&NI;&4J<37K(L1J&(6&NM0/.L(OOIJ,%%O6'(1/17M32M8/7>J6
F,)&*8;'(9H28&8I>G,M2)F<66&(1H+G548+<.NN3
,2%J97HI4%(0&1/>G32&
,-2N3I2F+8KL521:*;(9FH8,M2%%0%0F4%:+9;-MO5)7J94M.&IGFO;GI+%/
939%:3,GK<%:>.I9K%F:;%4%FK-859F;(N8+9L2OLH'77I/6F=:.6*6;
/8*K1;2)-55I81(KN6F2,M01:G15N.4K))>J>2'I
,2&5ML84&NNJM.LK7K&
+=:;=II8.1&8<37:I-/N-301'32'(<41M&2-%8J8H=014-*FF1+.'&80K:
I:8H)+5
N.5'K&L/NH&*44;;<5/&81J1(**F*:J6-G>G,6-8<NF'=M:(3//>,<%*4
G;MN>+</&8O9<=O&4+93N6M;403%'LN+:6(,.)3J%I3M=N9F-MK
:/+LLI/%6/J1:5,K0,5<ML>1
0&>&+.M-65<4HMGG%JO9/L0+FJ/304N-O3
>,J=&5<LN.8F2>+*OF>O&M&0&L8O,LLG8+*I/*2M;.=G:NHI/N3G/5G:;*,
);M2;FL8L>-<-=&4K4(K>J='=O0(-J>;M5I50G-%KMJH
L<>&;)%7K<4K>I6:O<(+''(/I<53=
+.7;=:024F,N*,47,LI>K.FH0
';)H:OM'=(75,>:/HM)I.K((7+0<L;.++NG9<N*.'=6N:4-08
),2J>F4)<.I:6602:+FMN5FFJ%121H51;/IK><..21<K7(L
<-155GG7>(/I0G>K(-O1,>1)
(L9-%74&8(;9'<67%HK4%LM%3K+&(JO1(4-N//*FJ6N
L*L&+,,8%=8;+:L
-/)=2,3-<1JH1=/8L''2O601
/64-=K6**7G1LI.G)IJ.J>K(7;M99L8ML
LH:0O*+('NK.G71&2F&*7
.4OI5;'
)>590<6/<.025L>/
'FI-;3(&N
6IG>>7L-+/3-:1(J%,+GKHK1*72<9F'H=4=%2'<F=/0%%;GG=HL2IOL55OH,
3/.>F%%M&<;%.N0=&*N
L-L991I.=H%&O1K-L=16GF=N(&I'N&M,=+4F9K5:,&;K:7=8%/G'(7--HM
K,*M3>;'*/>3FH:OK:<;F*1M>*<)65,279FO<8/MO=G25GK,G&+9&<G8NLL8%29
740&90<OL*=)H-+===F&J/1<*&F<G
J9>2N<**8H68-12JG6
>I<.846(5:NN42K/<7,:M29<<).7
675+<+6/2%:K.G>06FM>,%<N'8H0M:45J%IGN*:;2GN,8G(HLHIJ-9I
K>;5767O/*05G
N1(H76FJ,HKH):-O:.60LG>
7.9/),N3I:+K/'.,HG7JM0O)=,I%
59O)/;9FN*I1/K/L2G1(:O;;&127*>F%2;I'KLGJ,00N&H.'G>2/46F&2+3(8
J:F0H77GK&%:>(7G3H+,/*6L/K4'OM3>M)'2:-N9F<
JL6*/F=%.M2LI*,))NF:5
:'F6I8-8)*H;:M4L(=*+/-7:6-K
JM*(NO:67K.J27N56=7.:0'):M<81-:4>FOO
'J%9:+*%GN>+O/.<5I</2:K)H'1)*:;=IOO(&.3G+*1:OFK8O;*5//,7O
J=3'*%N,.=1),(G%078;,K,I'I.MH87(8%M7K<7
*%;6H=
48HKOH&&=KK
)6LII(+42.<.HN(0192LF:>5N,72F0<&F62>M;&03H/(N%*(
I)<)O/2
K&.4I0IG%0)>507K%)<O7F
K'H,36HJ)5*=*91,<>
/3ONF4'<0
2%7H>6<032H,GIL1.',80;<M&&4;O6.*=..)>NM
G'4:;2(NKLON711(;(&9%+N0=8&5%+9M-;<96+H;/HH4N%1(7=3;
13:+LH1-&3'5L*016J0G&K9I%I
(M5+3M),O:(*(KH54.M&93JO-I)(L58J+-/)+6,8-,26=9OI,)443*)>3*JH
2;1K5+=,N5<*7>FG8%5%((H&F(/O)5.J:0G4K7519=I*=LN.>N0*+H44)4,+%;8;.
O>/5J&;F-:%:):5LKI;FOH.4L<4O%;:,;)'7+F;O-I%'2(I8;6J&8
FH:N9
+;22
7N-/)H9=):'K<&>J)%2&.2F'*)/;LO7;7
03:1/23)0KH
O68JG&
01G*'9.9%3*L':9F(O&0N7/7JK'4++0M;8'%I0546(.*O.0(72L&G-;,KI
.:2
>K0L9+O3&7-L8
O26.&FO*:*&
;*-*J2*H4)HG1&:O:KO-)=L57)&:2F901.F=0='/<7*3.F85.0M.0>6
%%&(1KK3H(.*F=N;(G)6*88=7411&3):MK:NJ3
20KMM8K
L:&(F(GI+)4F971/79<)6)-MF)J27JI2;K>)64L=+O;KM%<<
7:HH01*L,K*JI:
'=1;/'J2,*-H9)(>%,LH8%*52*(3
',
%H=8'<59>(9:'G:J
J2;M-.N061
J8H7NO'LLI5O4*J5'03,2M,1.:>K,H4
)L-<-G98K'+H(+>L2I6H'2'7L')N,
)'F1=6OF1&=8*'I99+>
=/I:>9:.2</=M61:*-6L%,8K
(-1<74<*)/3K1,(J2+N5>7J8FH1KLF*/178+K
O74I/(,4J)');16>K<GKH9))
760KF%N/(1=&LML<;6O=:+JN9G6-/I<&
43143-=
N'8*=M+6<K::NO%,765O*J'2')/67,+3
=(7>*/-.25+HM0M1G6&N6>5&4.KN%3>I(*7J35
KL5(OG5/H
.*%:L36%M&'314(9,,.0<%(<<F52K),GO<F3;-%G7MI,/3M032L=)L)4'0G1K(-MN;
%*O0*3+%3M<I2F+(%2>/HF1%0MKO%
:8JF2-I0,+'.J)),;)>,&(=J5-3J--0NKOM;10JF&7/LJ';355%JHO/.>.'>79O//)),=
:<N3GM5,/<=+2-2)66<*/(K+<45>
;N4L'I(G/9JKI:;
I3-/MO8><%J*/K1N429)7F/>
67)4)I1,:5I+)),'K4HLKJ7>L*11I=&LH3K=>IF0625O,37O-1..;381KN&%-;733.8
J%F1*N9+-54%46K',(+,GJF+(10.F9)7):=LNH;GIJ%;161<N.
489F=M%-%=(=9'M2H-3+'I;:0./0N>.LN>M3'LO73F-
3*N'.+6M+='/N+..LJLL;9HIL)OH)(O/I>
63.6IG9
*,<=H+3'.I<5J9M//7<+9%,G=I))5+H
G&I:'*(O31):43*3,34<H.>==)4L4L5<0+5/O<)30N*N-I/7%5,+-1(>16L55&:
1-F=LJ:.<'6+35'.HK-IF72>,&(G+73<>HL:&7/3OF4I<37H%:,8L-G.,&5+J3(G0*
<&1/;7):,,MK6H/H)79+/6/IIGKNH6'HKNNKOJ9'
1%:KF;4=JLGG9G%O4:8*>*6:(3%8+O8%=N6;H7