Modal verbs 6A

OBLIGATION AND NECESSITY (3)

I have to work every evening.

HAVE TO They had to wait for two hours at the airport.
• All kinds of obligation.
• All tenses.

MUST You must be more careful.

You must pay him back as soon as possible.
• Especially with personal obligation.
• Only present.

I need to buy some food tonight.

NEED TO Do we need to book a table?
• For things that are necessary.
• All tenses.
 Modal verbs 6A

NO OBLIGATION / NO NECESSITY (2)

You don’t have to pay me now.

(not) HAVE TO Students don’t have to come to school on Sundays.
• No obligation.
• All tenses.

We won’t need to take the car – it’s near here.

(not) NEED TO
You didn’t need to wash the dishes.
• No necessity.
• All tenses.

Needn’t + infinitive without “to”

You needn’t hurry. We’ve got plenty of time.
You needn’t shout. I can hear you well.
 Modal verbs 6A

PROHIBITION (1)

MUSTN’T You mustn’t be rude to customers.

You mustn’t serve alcohol to people under 18.
• Prohibited, dangerous or wrong.
• Only present.

Mustn’t vs. Don’t have to

You mustn’t drive. You’ve been drinking.
You don’t have to drive. We’ll take a bus.
 Modal verbs 6A

ADVICE (4)

You should try that new Vietnamese restaurant.

SHOULD / SHOULDN’T
He shouldn’t drink so much coffee.

OUGHT TO You ought to get a new phone.

• Give advice. You oughtn’t to spend so much on clothes.
• Say what is right.

You must / have to get one of those new

HAVE TO coffee machines, they’re great!

MUST You must / have to see the new Nolan’s film,

it’s so exciting!
• Strong advice.
 Modal verbs 6A
OBLIGATION AND NECESSITY (3)

HAVE TO MUST NEED TO

NO OBLIGATION / NO NECESSITY (2)

(not) HAVE TO (not) NEED TO

PROHIBITION (1)

MUSTN’T

ADVICE (4)
SHOULD / SHOULDN’T OUGHT TO HAVE TO MUST