Mechanics of Fluids 5th Edition Potter

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Mechanics of Fluids, 5th Edition Chapter 6: Dimensional Analysis and Similitude

Solutions for Sections 6.1 – 6.3

1. The variables length l, gravity g, velocity V, and density ρ can be combined into the
dimensionless term:
(C) V 2 /lg
The dimensions on each of the variables are
L L M
[l] = L, [ g] = , [V ] = , [ρ] =
T2 T L3

The density ρ is the only variable with M so it cannot enter the term since M is not
able to be canceled out. Time T can be canceled by forming the ratio V2/g. That ratio
leaves L in the numerator. If l is placed in the denominator, the term, called a π-term,
is dimensionless:

V2
π=
lg

2. Wind blowing over the cables of a bridge sheds alternating vortices resulting in oscillating
forces acting on the cables. Which of the major parameters listed in Eq. 6.2.17 are the primary
parameters which would be used in the description of this situation?
(A) Re and St
The shedding of the vortices would involve a shedding frequency leading to the
Strouhal number. The force of the wind on a cable would depend on the Reynolds
number. The flow would not be compressible so the Mach number would not enter.
Gravity would also not enter the problem so the Froude number would not enter.

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