Film

and broadcast
arts
CONTEMPORARY ART FORM
Table of contents
Film and

01 introduction
History and Definition of
02 Broadcast art
Elements of TV Production and
Broadcasting and Different
Film and Broadcast Art Film Genres

03 Prominent figures
People known in the Film and
Broadcast field in the
04 significance
Importance of Film and
Philippines Broadcast Art
 01
introduction
History and Definition of Film
and Broadcast Art
What is Film Art?
❑ Film first began as a mechanical recording of reality. It
was more technical rather than aesthetic and artistic.
❑ Eventually, the film is also called a movie, motion picture,
or moving picture, which is a form of visual art that tells
various stories based on reality or purely fiction.
❑ It communicates ideas, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or a
particular atmosphere through moving pictures.
❑ The word “cinema,” which is a short term for
cinematography is used to refer to filmmaking, the film
industry, and the art form that is the result of it. Film Art
relates to all aspects of the production of film may it be for
television or movies.
 History of Film/Cinema in the Philippines
The Advent of Cinema in
the Philippines
In 1896, Pertierra, a Spaniard,
prepared to launch his first movie
show in Manila when Christmas
comes. However, the plan was only
executed on January 1, 1897, Man
with a Hat, Scene from a Japanese
Dance, The Boxers, and The Place
L’Opera, were the first movies
shown through the 60mm Gaumont
Chrono-photograph projector at
the Salon de Pertierra at no. 12
Escolta.
The Arrival of Lumiere
Cinematograph
The Spanish soldier, Antonio
Ramos, imported a Lumiere
Cinematograph from Paris to the
Philippines. Alongside it, he
bought 30 film titles. He bought
these with his savings and with the
financial backing of Liebman and
Peritz. By August 1897, Liebman
and Peritz presented the first
movies on the Lumiere
Cinematograph in Manila.
The First Movie Shot in the
Philippines
Due to his drive to attract
patronage and as a matter of
survival, Antonio Ramos locally
filmed Panorama de Manila,
Fiesta de Quiapo, Puwente de
España, and Esceñas Callejeras
in 1898 using Lumiere as a
camera. Thus, this event made
Ramos the first motion picture
producer in the Philippines.
 History of Film/Cinema in the Philippines
The Establishment of Movie
Houses
The film showing was not resumed
until 1900. Moreover, in the same
year, the first hall exclusively for
movie viewing was opened by
Walgrah, a British, who called it
Cine Walgrah. Moreover, in 1903,
the first Filipino-owned movie
theater was opened by Jose
Jimenez, a stage backdrop painter
who called his movie theater
Cinematograpo Rizal.
First Feature Film
Produced in the Philippines
Rose of the Philippines is said to
be the first story film made in the
Philippines. It may have been
produced in 1909 in Manila by Carl
Laemmle's Independent Moving
Picture (IMP) Company or now the
Universal Pictures Corporation.
The film was advertised in the
Manila Times as “among the first
films produced locally – a dramatic
story from the days of the Empire.”
The First Movie with Sound and
the First Color Film in the
Philippines
Using the Chronophone, the first
picture with sound reached
Manila in 1910. During the 5th
decade of the 20th century, local
Filipino producers presented
their full-length pictures in color,
and one was Prinsipe Amante. By
the 6th decade, they succeeded,
and by the turn of the 7th decade,
the local producers and filmmakers
stopped producing pictures in black
and white.
Chronophone
History of Film/Cinema in the Philippines
The Golden Episodes in Philippine Cinema

In 1937, Zamboanga starring Fernando Poe

and Rosa Del Rosario became the first Filipino
movie to earn international plaudit. The
Hollywood director, Frank Capra, praised
Zamboanga as the most exciting and beautiful
picture of native life he had ever seen.
Certainly, the 5th and 6th decades were the
Golden age of Philippine Cinema where
multiple films like Ifugao, Anak Dalita, Badjao,
and Anak ng Dagat made a mark in the
overseas scene and swept awards at
Cambodian, Asia, and Berlin Film Festivals.
What is Broadcast Media Arts?
Broadcast Media Arts is
everything that goes into the
production of broadcasting from
creating audio and content to its
distribution to the masses via
radio, television or the web. Some
of the things that brings
broadcasted shows together are
the voice or face of a show, running
an audio board, directing live
television, creating audio or visual
effects and graphics, writing
scripts operating a camera and
marketing through web and social
media.
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines

Spanish Colonial Period

The broadcast industry in the Philippines started

when the telegraph and telephone were
introduced in the country. In the late 1800s, Telephone
during the Spanish Colonial Period, Eastern
Extension, a British company, was granted
permission to place submarine telegraph cables
from Hong Kong to Manila. Thus, in 1890, the first
telephone system in the country began its
operations.
Telegraph
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines
American Colonial Period

When Americans came, they took over the operations of

telephone and telegraph systems. Moreover, they handed
it over to the local colonial government during the early
1900s.
In 1922, Henry Herman, an American businessman, was
the first to operate a small radio station for his business
called the Electrical Supply Company. In 1924, he named
his station KZKZ and set up Radio Corporation of the
Philippines to legally own it. However, this station
eventually closed.
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines
American Colonial Period

By this time, radio sets became a fixture in Filipino

homes. It was a friendly medium since it serves as a help to
people who couldn’t read or write to hear and understand
news and information being broadcast on the radio.
Moreover, the listeners also got entertainment from the
popular phonograph records. The American culture was
drawn closer to the Filipinos due to the American-originated
canned programs. Advertising became a huge enterprise
thanks to radio and local talents who sings, do comedy skits,
and radio drama shows developed through radio before
crossing over to television and films.
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines

Japanese Colonial Period

During the Japanese occupation, the colonizers used radios for

propaganda purposes. The popular radio stations were closed, or
some operated with limited capacity under the watchful eye of the
Japanese. After the war, the stations reopened again and started
anew in the post-war Philippines.

Moreover, aside from commercial purposes, radio has educational

purposes. Since it has wide coverage, it was tapped by the
government to educate the Filipinos through the establishment
of the Philippine Broadcast System (PBS), which started with
several informational programs that educate farmers.
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines
Japanese Colonial Period

Television came into the scene when James Lindenberg, an American Engineer,
established Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) in 1946. The Philippine
Congress granted his license for his television station in 1950, but he encountered
problems due to costs and other import rulings, which made him abandon his
television dream.

Moreover, Judge Antonio Quirino bought the majority of the stocks of BEC station,
wherein he renamed it to Alto Broadcasting System (ABS). In 1953, Radio
Corporation of America (RCA) helped Judge Quirino in establishing DZAQ-TV
Channel 3, which became the very first television broadcast in the Philippines.
Furthermore, the Lopezes, who owns the radio company Chronicle Broadcasting
Network showed interest in the ABS. Eventually, they purchased the station,
and it is where the merger of ABS-CBN began.
History of Broadcast Media Arts in the Philippines

Contemporary Period – in today’s time

The broadcast industry serves as the leading source of

mainstream mass media products and services in the country. As
of the moment, ABS-CBN and GMA, the top two television stations in
the Philippines are continuously serving and entertaining the
Filipinos with their news reports, documentaries, and various
entertainment shows and segments.

Besides, radio is still on the run despite the dominance of television

in our current generation. It still caters to the mass with pop music
stations and public affairs programs throughout the country.
 02
Film and broadcast art
Elements of TV Production and
Broadcasting and Different Film Genres
Elements of TV
Production and
Broadcasting
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

The Pre-Production

Photography

The Post-Production
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

A production team is a collection of technical people who work together to put

on a play, a television show, a recording, or a movie. This team is usually
composed of Executive Producer, Producer, Director, Actors, and the Technical
Crew.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

1. Executive Producer - This job is more

abstract than others in the production, but it
is probably the most important in getting the
production started in the first place.
Occasionally, an executive producer/show
runner will have originated the program's
premise and will develop it throughout the
series, but will transfer the duty of putting
it into action to a producer.
Joselito Altarejos
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

2. Producer - In television, a producer is

usually the main person in charge of the
production. A producer's responsibility is
to coordinate all aspects of production
at the highest level, even if the program
is their own innovation.

Sigrid Andrea Bernardo

Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

3. Director - The director's job differs

depending on whether the show is shot in-
studio or on site. They are in charge of a
program's final product as it airs live,
ensuring that the output from in-studio
camera operators, as well as vision
switchers, audio operators, and graphic
operators in the control room, is of high
quality Gerardo De Leon
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

Fernando Poe Jr.

4. Actors - The role of an
actor is to thoroughly embody
the character they are
portraying and to persuade
the audience that the
character is real by engaging Christopher De
and drawing them into the Leon
drama.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Production Team

5. Technical Crew - A technical crew is made up of people who

are responsible for the technical aspects of live
performances and film and television projects.
• The duties and obligations that a crew takes on are
determined by the scope and scale of the performance or
production. Technical staff or film production businesses in Technical crew members may
the Philippines include Star Cinema, Viva Films, and Regal also be in charge of numerous
Entertainment. technical components of
performances such as plays,
concerts, musicals, operas,
and circuses.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Pre-Production Pre-production also known as
planning stage, occurs after
development and before
production in the filmmaking
process. It refers to the work done
on a product, such as a film or
television show, before full-scale
production begins. It entails
completing the script, hiring actors
and crew, scouting locations,
identifying what equipment you'll
require, and calculating the budget.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Pre-Production

Some Important Roles in the Pre-Production Process:

1. Manager - The role of a production manager differs depending on
whether the project is commercial or not.
2. Director - The director's responsibilities include casting actors,
coordinating the senior technical personnel, and being the point person for
the day's filming on set.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The single-camera film production is
Photography
the one typically used to produce
dramatic series, whereas the latter is
The word "photograph" actually means "light- typically used to produce chat shows,
drawing," therefore a photograph can be game shows, or news.
conceived of as a painting created by the
visual world itself. Photography and motion
pictures have tremendous practical
significance. In most cases, television shows
are shot utilizing one of two styles of
photography. One is single-camera film
production, while the other is multi-camera
tape creation.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Post-Production

The editing stage of the filmmaking or video

production process is known as post-
production. The post-production team not
only stitches raw film together, but also adds
sound and visual effects.
• It's the final stage of the production process,
and it's all about editing and special effects to
turn raw footage into a finished product.
Four Elements of TV Production and Broadcasting
The Post-Production

Some Important Roles in the Pre-Production Process:

1. Editor - On non-live-to-air programs, an editor will work alongside the director and occasionally with
the producer in post-production to edit the material shot to create the final product. The majority of
an editor's job is to chop together and juxtapose pictures and audio to meet the director’s needs and
requirements.
2. Opening titles designer/motion graphics designer - The opening titles that appear at the start of a
program can set the tone for the rest of the show. As a result, a producer will provide an opening title
designer a brief on what they want these titles to say. Designers may be given a lot of leeway in terms of
designing and conceiving an idea, or they may be given clear instructions and tasked with producing in
line with this brief.
Different
film/movie
genres
film/movie genres
1. Action

Movies in the action genre are

defined by risk and stakes.
Although many movies include
action scenes, the majority of the
content must be action-oriented
that incorporate most fight
scenes, stunts, car chases, and
general danger to be considered
as a movie under the category of
the action genre.
film/movie genres
2. Comedy

The comedy genre is defined

by events that are intended
to make someone laugh.
Comedy can be found in most
movies, but if the majority of
the film is intended to be a
comedy you may safely place it
in this genre.
film/movie genres
3. Crime

The crime genre deals with

both sides of the criminal
justice system but does not
focus on legislative matters
or civil suits and legal
actions. It fictionalizes crimes,
their detection, criminals and
their motives.
film/movie genres
4. Drama

The drama genre is defined by

conflict and often looks to reality
rather than sensationalism.
Emotions and intense situations
are the focus, but where other
genres might use unique or exciting
moments to create a feeling,
movies in the drama genre focus on
common occurrences.
film/movie genres
5. Fantasy

The fantasy genre is defined by

both circumstance and setting
inside a fictional universe with an
unrealistic set of natural laws.
The genre often adheres to general
human psychology and societal
behavior while incorporating non-
scientific concepts like magic,
mythical creatures, and
supernatural elements.
film/movie genres
6. Historical

A film that is under the historical

genre can deal with accurate
representations of historical
accounts which can include
biographies, autobiographies,
and memoirs or made up of
fictional movies that are placed
inside an accurate depiction of a
historical setting.
 03
Prominent figures
People known in the Film and Broadcast field
in the Philippines
 People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
Some of the films he
Fernando Poe Jr. starred in are Apollo Robles
(1961), Batang
Maynila (1962), Mga
He is a cultural icon of
Alabok sa Lupa (1967), Ako
tremendous audience impact and
ang
cinema artist and craftsman–as
Katarungan (1974), Tatak
actor, director, writer and
ng Alipin (1975), Totoy
producer.
Bato (1977), Ang
He is sometimes referred to as
Probisyano (1996), and
“Action King of the Philippine
Ang Pagbabalik ng
Movies,” FPJ, or Da King.
Lawin (1975), among many
others.
People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
José Nepomuceno

He is known as the discoverer of many famous

Filipino actors and actresses such as: Rogelio de la
Rosa, Leopoldo Salcedo, Carlos Padilla SR., Jose
Padilla Jr. and Fernando Poe.
He directed Dalagang Bukid (1919), Sa Landas ng
Pag-ibig (1929) and Ang Luman Simbahan (1928). He
produced Ang Tatlong Hambog (1926) and La mujer
Filipina (1927)
 People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
Elwood Perez

Receiving three FAMAS awards is an honor

bestowed on only a select few. So much for
a director who used to be "hesitant" about
making movies.
He is a FAMAS Director on the following
films Ibulong Mo sa Diyos(1989), Bilangin
mo ang Bituin sa Langit(1990) and The Real
Life of Patica M (1992).
 People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
Lamberto V. Avellana
• Is also the first-ever
He is director for theater and film and has the Filipino to be
distinction of being called “The Boy Wonder of named National
Philippine Movies” as early as 1939. Artist for Theater
• He is also the one who formed the Barangay and Film in 1976.
Theater Guild along with his wife, Daisy
Hontiveros Avellana. • One of his classics A
• He has won a Grand Prix Award at the Asian Film Portrait Of The Artist
Festival for the movie Anak Dalita (1956). As Filipino (1965) is
• Became the first Filipino filmmaker to have his his first movie to be
film Kandelerong Pilak (1954) screened at the
restored in 2015.
Cannes International Film Festival.
People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
Catalino “Lino” Ortiz Brocka

He is a director for film and broadcast arts; espoused the term

“freedom of expression” in the Philippine Constitution. Brocka
took his social activist spirit to the screen leaving behind 66 films
which breathed life and hope for the marginalized sectors of
society — slum-dwellers, prostitutes, construction workers, etc.
Some of his works include: “Santiago” (1970), “Wanted: Perfect Mother”
(1970), “Tubog sa Ginto” (1971), “Stardoom” (1971), “Tinimbang Ka Ngunit
Kulang” (1974), “Maynila: Sa Kuko ng Liwanag” (1975), “Insiang” (1976),
“Jaguar” (1979), “Bona” (1980), “Macho Dancer” (1989), “Orapronobis”
(1989), “Makiusap Ka sa Diyos” (1991).
 People known in the Film and Broadcast field in
the Philippines
Ishmael Bernal

He is a filmmaker of the first order and one of the very

few who can be truly called a maestro. Critics have hailed
him as “the genius of Philippine cinema.” He is
recognized as a director of films that serve as social
commentaries and bold reflections on the existing realities
of the struggle of the Filipino.
Among his notable films are “Pahiram ng Isang Umaga” (1989),
“Broken Marriage” (1983), “Himala” (1982), “City After Dark”
(1980), and “Nunal sa Tubig” (1976).
 04
significance
Importance of Film and Broadcast Art
Importance of Film and Broadcast Art
Art and film are ‘vital’ devices in awakening people to the
realities of the world that are often misunderstood or
misinterpreted. As we are able to watch different movies, it opens
doors to new worlds, new cultures, and new ideas that may
otherwise be unavailable. It enriches our mind and broadens our
perspective which takes us away from an ethnocentric view
towards the world.

Thus, it helps to build a more open-minded world, a world full of

people who can experience the lives of those they can’t
understand, to see the world from another’s eyes. By this, we
must continue to make films that challenge different
perspectives and widen people's minds to promote and create
a world that is less ignorant and more accepting of the
diversity among the society.
References

https://www.elcomblus.com/brief-history-of-the-philippines-broadcast-
media/

https://blog.specshoward.edu/blog/what-is-broadcast-media-arts

https://www.britannica.com/art/motion-picture/Qualities-of-the-film-image

https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-
the-arts-sca/cinema/history-of-philippine-cinema/
Thank you for
listening!Reported by:
Castro, Rhean Sydney Duein N.
Marcelo, Ericka Louisse I.
Reyes, Richmond C.