15/11.

2023
pertemuan 1

yang menyerap adalah atom

Dr. Florentinus Dika Octa Riswanto

Fakultas Farmasi
Universitas Sanata Dharma
Yogyakarta
 Es2

ES1
yang naik: eksitais
E yang turun : emisi
cahaya ga bisa diubah
Gs

tergantung insensitas REM nya

REM

• If ground state atoms are excited, some will be promoted to

higher energy levels, the transitions being characteristic of the
element involved. Atoms may be excited by incident UV or
visible electromagnetic radiation, and if the wavelength
(or frequency) corresponds to that of the transition, it will
be absorbed. The degree of absorbance will depend on
concentration, in the same way as with other spectrometric
techniques. This technique is known as atomic absorption
hubungan panjang gelombang, freuensi, energi
paanjang gelombang semakin panjang, frekuensi
semakin keci ( frekunsi berbanding lurus dengan energi )
spectrometry (AAS).
( frekunsi berbanding terbalik dengan panjang gelombang
energi besar makin besar frekuensi
• Atomic absorption spectrometry is used widely for the
quantitative determination of metals at trace levels.
serapan tergantung konsentrasi dalam jumlah kecil

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 semua yang pake oid: " seperti "
ciri kha N: punya PEB
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 ➢ Similar pattern between
atoms but different
spacing
➢ Emission spectra
become more complex
yang kompleks emisi yang turun

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• An atomic absorption spectrophotometer
consists of a light source, a sample
compartment and a detector.

Sample
kuvet: nyala api
Compartment
pada saat di bakar sudah jadi gas dan atom

Light Source Detector

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 The main problem in this technique is getting the atoms into the
vapour phase, bearing in mind the typically low volatility of many
materials to be analysed.

The method used is to spray, in a very fine mist, a liquid molecular

sample containing the atom concerned into a high-temperature
flame.

Air mixed with coal gas, propane or acetylene, or nitrous oxide mixed with
acetylene, produce flames in the temperature range 2100 K to 3200 K.

mengubah sampel jadi atom, yang diserab atomnya, atom nya jadi fase gas. atom yang disampaikan ke dapertemen menjadi bentuk gas pada nyala temperaturnya
tinggi sekitar, 20100 kelvin.butuh api tinggi agar mengatomisasi larutan menjadi atom

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lampu : katoda berongga

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 dibakan jadi atom

mmeningkatkan sinyal

ditembah

khas yang ini

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• The source radiation which passes through the flame is not a
continuum, as would normally be used in absorption
spectroscopy, but a hollow cathode lamp.
• The lamp, contains a tungsten anode, a cup-shaped cathode
made from the element to be analysed, and a carrier gas, such
as neon, at about 5 Torr. When a voltage is applied a coloured
discharge appears and the positive column, in which mainly
neutral atom emission occurs, is confined to the inside of the
cathode by choice of voltage and carrier gas pressure.

untuk alumunium
pada lampu ada warna yang panjang
geombangnya bereda

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HCL

motorized
Mirror

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keunggulan mneggunakan Hcl : karena sudah spesifik

The advantage of
using a hollow
cathode rather than
a broad-band
continuum is
illustrated. By using
a continuum,
sensitivity would be
lost because only a
relatively
small amount of
radiation would be
absorbed.

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FES: flame Emimisions spektoskopis

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• Desolvation – conversion of
analyte to solid crystals
• Volatilization/vaporization
– conversion of solid to diuapkan
molecular vapor
• Atomization – dissociation of
molecular vapor into atomic
vapor diatomkan

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 Graphite furnace technique

e l e s s!
kering, jadi abu jadi atom ditembak
tempat sampel dimasukkan

Flam
jadi atom ditembak cahaya

intinya menjadi atom

drying ashing atomization

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spesifik
( khsuus ) dan sensitif ( mengenali dari hal kecil ), dan selektif ( bisa membedan)

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