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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

CENTRE FOR FOUNDATION STUDIES

FHSC1214 FUNDAMENTALS OF CELL BIOLOGY

TUTORIAL 3
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES III

[Source: Final Examination, October 2023, truncated]

Q1. Shamini loves to eat hard-boiled eggs for breakfast as hey are nutritious and easy to prepare. The
eggs are cooked so that both egg white and egg yolk solidify. With reference to protein structure,
explain why eggs turn hard when they are boiled. (5 marks)

Q2. Figure 2 shows a section of the structure of a nucleic acid.

Figure 2

Answer the following questions based on Figure 2.

(a) With reasons, state whether this nucleic acid is DNA or RNA. (3 marks)

(b) Identify the nitrogenous bases P, Q and R, respectively. (3 marks)

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[Source: Final Examination, May 2023]

Q3. The formation of collagen is a process of gene expression. Complete Table 3 to contrast the
polynucleotide template in each step of the gene expression. (3 marks)

Table 3
Statement Translation Transcription
Nitrogenous base that is only found in the
structure
Sugar
Shape of the molecule (double helix/ single
stranded)

[Source: Final Examination, September 2022]

Q4. The amino acid sequence of milk protein is programmed by units of inheritance called genes. This is a
two-step process. State the steps and the locations where the amino acids formed from the genes,
respectively. (4 marks)

[Source: Final Examination, December 2019]

Q5. (a) Briefly explain how DNA can form a double helix. (2 marks)

(b) State THREE (3) structural differences between DNA and mRNA. (3 marks)

[Source: Final Examination, September 2019]

Q6. Figure 6 shows part of a DNA molecule.

Figure 6

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(a) Explain how structure D is different in DNA and RNA. (2 marks)

(b) Identify the purine that forms bond C. (1 mark)

(c) Complete Table 6 to show the percentages of bases. (3 marks)

Table 6
Bases Percentages
Guanine
Thymine 34
Adenine
Cytosine