sat Sun MonTue Wed ThuF Subject

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Iy pes o semi Conductors

Semi CanductorsCan be clas5 i lie dJas

Intrin Sic S.emiConductor Cpure )

Extrn Sic Semi Conductov (lmpueity)

lntrn Sic SeniCon ductor

An intrin Sic t pe ol Semiconductor meterial is made

tobe Very pure chemicall4-.it's ma de up o Ponly
aSigletye o elenentGeanui im fGe ) an siliCon
ypeofin trin'sic.5
NSemi Con duc tor e|ein ent They have poay Valence
elecrons (tetravalent) The'y care boun d to the etom
by colalent bon d at absolute ero tem erat re,
todsSveo A
Bond valance9
Shell (cm)

Shere

Electrons

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 Subject
Date

whenhet.em p.eretne ni e due toeCollision few

electVons are unbounded andbecone n

theeu,h the la ttic eyths Creating an ab sen.cein.

its oeig inal poSition (hole ), Thesefree electr
and hales con tributeto the Conduction o
in the SemiCanduetop4 The negative an d pesitive electrictj
Carriers are equalin
Charge.
The Lattice o pure Silicon SemiCon duCtorut
Deen Tlmpenat ares

AiabS.olut e 2ero Kelvin temeratuve At his

temperatave the Covalent ace vergSttan g an dthere
reeelectoh S and he SemiCon d ucto behaves
eect insulaton

Aboye ebsolete temp eratuer g withthe iucneese in

temerature Yew valen ce electron ium into the
Conduction band and hen Ce t behov e s like a pear Canducton

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tXtrin SiC emi Cun duct

Con ductivity of semiCon ductors Can be gyeaty

mfroved byintreducing a Small number ol suitable
replecm ent atom S. Calle d im Qurities., Th eproces5
oading in puritytomg to the pure Semiconductop
tisl
Called Daping Sualy only 4 tom in
reglace bdopent atom in the dopend Senican duc tar
Rn extrin alsic SemilCon ducton can beurthen rassified
in to

Mainly due to electron s

Entire ly neutr al

Majoriiy iectrons an d Minorit4Holes

WnCn a pure Senicanductor

(Sicon)orfGer nonin) Sb
dofedb plhgavl entinpny
AS sby Bi)theny four eletron
out a ive yale nce electronS bond
with the four electyron $ o Ge orsi

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Mainy duto holes

Rntirely neutal

I=lnan dnne

Mejority Heles. and Minsnidg Electro

when a pute Semeon duc toriS doped with Atriy alen

garitg B, 6ly Ga) then the three valen ce

electrh o hin purity bends uiththree o f on
Valence electronsothe sem Cenduc tor

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