14 Learner-Centered

Psychological
Principles
Rochelle A. Baso
Marian Ralah G. CaÑonero
learning
objectives
To understand the importance of the
learning process of a learner
To identify the different factors that
affects to the learning of the
students
To deal holistically with learners in
the context of real-world learning
situations
Categorized as follows:
1. Cognitive and Metacognitive

2. Motivational and Effective Factors

3. Developmental and Social Factors

4. Individual Difference Factors

 NATURE OF
LEARNING
PROCESS
CONTEXT OF GOALS OF THE
LEARNING LEARNING
PROCESS
COGNITIVE AND
METACOGNITIVE
FACTORS
THINKING CONSTRUCTION
ABOUT OF KNOWLEDGE
THINKING
STRATEGIC
THINKING
 COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE FACTORS

1 2 3
Nature of Goals of the Construction of
Learning Process learning process Knowledge

The learning of complex The successful learner, The successful learner

subject matter is most over time and with support can link new information
effective when it is an and instructional guidance, with existing knowledge in
intentional process of can create meaningful, meaningful ways.
constructing meaning from coherent representations
information and experience. of knowledge.
 COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE FACTORS

4 5 6
Strategic Thinking about Context of
Thinking Thinking Learning

The successful learner can Higher order strategies for Learning is influenced by
create and use a repertoire selecting and monitoring environmental factors,
of thinking and reasoning mental operations including culture,
strategies to achieve facilitate creative and technology, and
complex learning goals. critical thinking. instructional practices.
MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTORS

MOTIVATIONAL
INTRINSIC EFFECTS OF
AND EMOTIONAL
MOTIVATION TO MOTIVATION ON
INFLUENCES OF
LEARN EFFORT
LEARNING
 MOTIVATIONAL AND AFFECTIVE FACTORS

1 2
Motivational and
Emotional Influences
of Learning
What and how much is learned
is influenced by the motivation.
Motivation to learn is
influenced by the individual's
emotional states, beliefs,
interests and goals, and habits
of thinking.
Intrinsic Motivation
to Learn
Intrinsic motivation is
stimulated by tasks and
difficulty, relevant to personal
interests, and providing for
personal choice and control.
3
Effects of
Motivation on Effort
Acquisition of complex
knowledge and skills requires
extended learner effort and
guided practice. Without
learners' motivation to learn,
the willingness to exert this
effort is unlikely without
coercion.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS

DEVELOPMENTAL SOCIAL
INFLUENCES ON INFLUENCES ON
LEARNING LEARNING
 DEVELOPMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS

1 2
Developmental Social Influences on
Influences on Learning Learning
As individuals develop, there are different Learning is influenced by social
opportunities and constraints for interactions, interpersonal
learning. Learning is most effective when relations, and communication with
differential development within and others.
across physical, intellectual, emotional,
and social domains is taken into account.
 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES FACTORS

INDIVIDUAL
LEARNING AND STANDARDS
DIFFERENCES IN
DIVERSITY AND
LEARNING
ASSESSMENT
 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES FACTORS

1 2 3
Individual Learning and Standards and
Differences in Diversity Assessment
Learning Setting appropriately high and
Learners have different Learning is most effective challenging standards and
strategies, approaches, and when differences in learners' assessing the learner as well
capabilities for learning that linguistic, cultural, and social as learning progress, including
are a function of prior backgrounds are taken into diagnostic, process, and
experience and heredity. account. outcome assessment
references:
American Psychological Association. (1997). Learner-Centered
Psychological Principles. Retrieved from
https://www.apa.org/ed/governance/bea/learner-centered.pdf.