CHAPTER 2

THE OBJECTS OF ETHICS

WORK SHEET
NO. 3

Name: Gia Tobias Course and Year: DVM-1B/First year

A.

Objects of Ethics MO NMO

Abu Sayyaf 
Keeping a promise 
Ignoring call for help 
City Government of Tuguegarao 
Pres. Rodrigo Roa Duterte 
Republic of the Philippines 
Helping Stranger 
Cagayan State University 
Eating egg and hotdog for break fast 
Joining strikes and rallies 
B.
JOHN Q

John Q desperately needed money for his son’s expensive heart transplantation. After
doing everything, he still failed to raise the necessary amount for the operation. “I’m sorry
John, the surgeon told him when he tried to beg, it’s the policy. No cash or no insurance
policy, no operation.” With his son dying everyday, John Q was left with no option. He got
his gun and seized the hospital where his son was confined. “My son dies, you all die. He
lives, you can all go home”, John Q desperately announced to the horror-stricken doctors.
“Now, doctor, fix my son’s heart..”

MATERIALS
o John Q
o Surgeon
o Hospital

NON-MATERIALS/FORMAL OBJECT
o He tried to beg
o He got his gun
o Seized the hospital
 WORK SHEET
NO. 4
NAME: Gia Tobias

A.

Acts X(Human act) Y(Acts of Man)

Stealing 

Fulfilling promise 

Taking a bath 

Smoking 

Urinating 

Yawning 

Dancing 

Helping others 

Praying 

Cooking 

B.

1. In your own words, differentiate Human Acts and Acts of Man. Which is the formal
object of Ethics? Explain your answer.

o Human Acts is an action with conscious knowledge, acts that are done freely,
acts done with consent. Human acts are those that are freely chosen in
consequence of a judgement of conscience. When we talk about Acts of man,
it is an action that happen “naturally” acts done without self- awareness
without deliberation, reflection, consent. Instinctive, spontaneous acts that
human beings share with other animals.
Human Acts are different from Acts of Man. We cannot talk about goodness
and badness of an act if we are dealing with acts of man. Only with human
acts can we determined whether an act is moral or immoral.
 Human Acts are to be considered as a formal object of ethics, for the reason
of not all acts are important for the purpose of ethical analysis.

2. Why do you think Acts of Man have no moral value?

o Acts of man do not possess any moral value because it do not
require rationality and or freedom acts of man are integral to
survive human beings as a person, means they either occur
automatically or require voluntary action in order to survive.

3. What are the two elements present in Human Acts which make them valuable for
Ethical Analysis?
o Rational and free being.

4. Differentiate the two types of Acts of Man

o Natural-Involuntary acts are actions which take place without consciousness

or willingness of an individual. While Natural Voluntary action are an
action is produced with the involvement of thoughts.
5. Provide special cases where Acts of Man could become Human Acts
o For example you are eating but during your class, we all know that
eating is natural voluntary act, we all need to eat in order to live
but you are eating during your class, it could be judged as someone
who just performs natural act. Eating in this case is grossly
immoral and unethical.