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    The document discusses the musculoskeletal system, beginning with an overview of its three main components: the skeletal system, muscular system, and articular system. It then goes into further detail on the skeletal system, describing the bones, their classification, functions, and various anatomical features. The document also covers the main components of the muscular system and articular system.

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    The document discusses the musculoskeletal system, beginning with an overview of its three main components: the skeletal system, muscular system, and articular system. It then goes into further detail on the skeletal system, describing the bones, their classification, functions, and various anatomical features. The document also covers the main components of the muscular system and articular system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 views89 pages

    Advanced Nursing 1

    Uploaded by

    seline sheryl
    The document discusses the musculoskeletal system, beginning with an overview of its three main components: the skeletal system, muscular system, and articular system. It then goes into further detail on the skeletal system, describing the bones, their classification, functions, and various anatomical features. The document also covers the main components of the muscular system and articular system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 89

    MUSCULOSKELETAL

    SYSTEM
    Dr. Beda Olabu
    INTRODUCTION

     MSS – LOCOMOTOR SUPERSYSTEM

    1. SKELETAL SYSTEM

    2. MUSCULAR SYSTEM

    3. ARTICULAR SYSTEM

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 2 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    SKELETAL SYSTEM
    OBJECTIVES

    1. COMPONENTS

    2. FUNCTIONS

    3. CLASSIFICATION OF BONES

    4. TERMINOLOGIES USED IN DESCRIBING BONE


    COMPONENTS

    BONES

    CARTILAGES

    LIGAMENTS
    FUNCTIONS
     SUPPORT

     LOCOMOTION

     PROTECTION

     SHAPE

     CALCIUM STORAGE
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 6 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    CLASSIFICATION

     LOCATION – APPENDICULAR, CRANIAL BONES

     LENGTH – LONG, SHORT

     SHAPE – IRREGULAR

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 7 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    EXAMPLES
    PARTS OF A LONG BONE
    DIVISIONS

    AXIAL

    APPENDICULAR
    AXIAL SKELETON

     SKULL

     VERTEBRAL COLUMN

     RIBCAGE

     HYOID BONE
    THE SKULL
     NEUROCRANIUM
    1. MEMBRANOUS NEUROCRANIUM – CALVARIA

    2. CARTILAGENOUS NEUROCRANIUM – SKULL BASE

     FACIALCRANIUM/VISCEROCRANIUM

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 12 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    MEMBRANOUS NEUROCRANIUM
    /CALVARIA
    SKULL BASE - CHONDROCRANIUM

     BASILAR OCCIPITAL

     OCCIPITAL CONDYLES

     PETROUS TEMPORAL

     SPHENOID

     ETHMOID
    VISCEROCRANIUM
    VERTEBRAL COLUMN
     VERTABRAE – 33

     INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS

     VERTEBRAL LIGAMENTS

     CURVATURES

     KYPHOSIS

     LORDOSIS
    PARTS OF A VERTABRA

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 17 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    VERTABRAE
    INTERVERTEBRAL DISC
    INTERVERTEBRAL DISC
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 21 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    THE RIB CAGE
    HYOID BONE
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 25 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 26 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    PATELLA

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 27 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    FOOT

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 28 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    PECTORAL GIRDLE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 29 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    HUMERUS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 30 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    RADIUS AND ULNA

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 31 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    HAND
    FORAMEN

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 33 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    FOSSA, ACETABULUM

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 34 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    CREST

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 35 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    SPINE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 36 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TUBERCLE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 37 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TUBEROSITY

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 38 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TROCHANTER

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 39 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    CONDYLE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 40 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    RAMUS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 41 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TERMINOLOGIES USED
    WHEN DESCRIBING BONE

     FORAMEN

     FOSSA

     CREST

     TUBERCLE, TUBEROSITY, TROCHANTER

     CONDYLE

     SPINE

     RAMUS
    ARTICULAR SYSTEM
    OBJECTIVES
    1. DEFINITION

    2. FUNCTIONS

    3. CLASSIFICATION AND VARIETIES OF JOINTS

    4. EXAMPLES OF VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF JOINTS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 44 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    JOINT - DEFINITION

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 45 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    JOINT – FUNCTION?

    ALLOW MOVEMENTS

    ALLOW GROWTH

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 46 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    JOINT MOVEMENTS

     MOVEMENTS CAUSED BY

    CONTRACTIONS OF MUSCLES

    CROSSING THE JOINT

     DEGREE OF MOVEMENT VARIES

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 47 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    JOINT CLASSIFICATION

    SOLID CAVITATED/SYNOVIAL

    MANY VARITIES

    FIBROUS CARTILAGENOUS
    FIBROUS JOINTS

    SUTURES

    SYNDESMOSIS

    GOMPHOSES
    SUTURES

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 50 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    SUTURES
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 52 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 53 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 54 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    NEONATAL SKULL
    SYNDESMOSIS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 56 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    GOMPHOSIS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 57 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    CARTILAGENOUS

    PRIMARY – SYNCHONDROSES

    SECONDARY - SYMPHYSIS
    SYNCHONDROSES

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 59 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    SYMPHISIS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 60 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    SYNOVIAL JOINTS

    BONES LINED BY ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

    ARTICULAR CAPSULE, CAVITY

    SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE, SYNOVIAL FLUID


    BALL AND SOCKET

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 62 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    HINGE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 63 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    CONDYLAR

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 64 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    MORTISE AND TENON

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 65 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 66 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    JOINT ANATOMY - EXPECTATIONS

    1. CLASSIFICATION

    2. ARTICULAR SURFACES

    3. CAPSULAR ATTACHMENT**

    4. STABILITY FACTORS – STATIC & DYNAMIC

    5. MOVEMENTS (AND MUSCLE GROUPS RESPONSIBLE)

    6. RELATIONAL ANATOMY – ALL POSSIBLE DIMENSIONS, WITH EMOHASIS ON


    CLINICALLY IMPORTANT RELATIONS

    7. BLOOD SUPPY

    8. INNERVATION

    9. CLINICAL ANATOMY
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 67 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    MUSCULAR SYSTEM

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 68 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    OBJECTIVES
     COMPONENTS

     FUNCTIONS

     MODES OF MUSCLE ATTACHMENT

     TERMINOLOGIES

     CONCEPTS USED IN NAMING OF MUSCLES

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 69 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    COMPONENTS

    SKELETAL MUSCLES

    MODES OF ATTACHEMENTS
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 71 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    FUNCTIONS

    LOCOMOTION

    GENERATION OF HEAT

    SHAPE

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 72 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    MODES OF MUSLE
    ATTACHMENTS TO BONE

    TENDONS

    APONEUROSIS

    FLESHY/MUSCULAR

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 73 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TENDON ATTACHMENT
    APONEUROSIS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 75 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    ATTACHMENTS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 76 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    ACTION

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 77 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    TERMINOLOGIES

     INNERVATION

     CLINICAL RELEVANCE
    TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSLCE
    FIBER ARRANGEMENT

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 79 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 80 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 81 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke
    TYPES OF MUSCLE FIBER
    ARRANGEMENT

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 82 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    NAMING OF MUSCLES I

     ANATOMICAL LOCATION – FEMORIS, BRACHII, ABDOMINIS,


    INTEROSSEOUS

     ATTACHMENTS

     ACTION – EXTENSOR, FLEXOR, ADDUCTOR, ABDUCTOR

     SIZE – MAXIMUS, MINIMUS, VASTUS, MAJOR, MINOR

     SHAPE – QUADRATUS, TERES, TRAPEZIUS


    NAMING OF MUSCLES II

     LENGTH – LONGUS, BREVIS

     ORIENTATION – RECTUS, OBLIQUS,

     NUMBER OF HEADS OF ORIGIN – BICEPS, TRICEPS,

    QUADRICEPS

     DISTANCE FROM SURFACE – PROFUNDUS, SUPERFICIALIS

    University of Nairobi ISO 9001:2008 84 Certified http://www.uonbi.ac.ke


    W. Somerset Maugham (1874-1965)

     "You will have to learn many tedious


    things.............. which you will forget the
    moment you have passed your final
    examination, but in anatomy it is better to have
    learned and lost than never to have learned at
    all.."

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