CHEMISTRY SERIES TANZANIA 2023

MCN SUPER SERIES

OSWEL GIRLS TARIME SS TEMEKE SS KAIGARA SS ST JOSEPH CATHEDRA HIGH TABORA GIRLS
RUSUMO SS IFAKARA GIRLS KWEMARAMBA SS CHIEF KIDULILE SS MACHAME GIRLS KALENGE SS
MALAMBO SS KASHISHI SS CHIKANAMLILO SS TWIHULUMILE SS MWANZA SS SOYA SS KAGANGO
SS UTETE HIGH KWIRO SS TURA SS RUGAMBWA SS IHUNGO SS MINZIRO SS MWENGE SS ST
MAURUS CHEMCHEMI KIBOSHO GIRLS’ SS NGANZA SS JANETH MAGUFULI SS MEATU SS DAKAMA SS
BOGWE SS LUGUFU BOYS MTWANGO SS HUMURA SS IHUNGO SS KANYIGO SS BUTURI SS
CORNERSTONE LEADERSHIP BOGWE SS MEATU SS SANTHOME SABS GIRLS BUNGE GIRLS
NYANTAKARA SS MALAMBO SS KWIRO SS OCEAN SS LUPIRO SS THAQAAFA SS LAKE SS MANANILA SS
NSHAMBA SS BUSWELU SS MADIBIRA SS DR JOHN P MAGUFULI SS NAWENGE SS MAGU SS BUTURI SS
MSUFINI SS MADUNGU SS KONGWA SS
JOINT EXAMINATION
FORM SIX
CHEMISTRY 1

(For Both Government and private School) SERIES NO 2

132/1
Time: 3 Hours 23 August 2023

Instructions
1. This paper consists of section A and section B with total of (10) questions.
2. Answer all questions in section A and two (2) questions in section B.
3. Each question carries ten (10) marks in section A and fifteen (15) marks in section B.
4. Mathematical tables and Non-Programmable calculators may be used.
5. Cellular phones and unauthorized materials are not allowed in examination room.
6. Write your examination number of every page of your answer booklet or Answer sheets.
7. For calculation you may use the following.

• Rydberg constant RH = 1.09678 × 107m -1

• Gas constant, R = 8.31Jmol-1 k- 1 or 0.0821 atmmol-1 k -1 dm3
• GMV = 22.4dm3
• Standard temperature = 273K
• Standard pressure = 760mmHg = 1atm = 1.05 × 105N/M2 = 1.05 × 105 Pa
• Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 × 10-34JS
• Velocity of light, c = 3 × 108m/s
• Mass of an electron = 9.11 × 10-31kg
• Density of water, p = 1g/cm3
• 1 mole = 1000 millimoles
• 1dm3 = 1Litre = 1000 cm3 = 10-3m -3
• Freezing point of water = 0.0
• Atomic masses; N=14, H=1, C=12, O=16, Na=23, Cl=35.5, Ca=40
 SECTION A ( 70 Marks )
(Answer all question in this section)
1. (a). From the following sets of quantum numbers, state which are possible. Explain why other are not
permitted ?
1
(i) n= 0 L= 0 m= 0 S= +
2
1
(ii) n= 1 L= 0 m= 0 S= − 2
1
(iii) n= 1 L= 1 m= 0 S= + 2
1
(iv) n= 2 L= 1 m= +1 S= + 2
1
(v) n=2 L= 1 m= −1 S= −
2

(b). Show that the circumferences of Bohr orbit for hydrogen atom is an integral multiple of
the De-Broglie wavelength associated with electron revolving around the orbit
2. (a). What is the difference between normal covalent bond and coordinate bond ?
(b). (i) Describe the conditions necessary for the formation of hydrogen bond
(ii) How does the described bond in 2 (b) (i) differ from other intermolecular forces?
(c). By using modern molecular theory, complete the table on the following molecules:

molecule geometrical structure Name of structure type of hybridization

CO2
CH2O
PH3

3. (a). Explain the following observations :

(i) Aerated water bottles are kept under water during summer
(ii) The tyre of an automobile is inflated to a slightly lower pressure in summer than in winter
(iii) Liquid ammonia is cooled before opening the seal
(iv) Gases are more compressible than liquids
(v) Helium (He), Neon (Ne) and Argon (Ar) was placed together in a container at room
temperature. At the end it was observed that they do not react chemically
(b). Two containers have the same volume. One is filled with hydrogen gas and other with
Carbon-dioxide gas. Both the containers are at same temperature and pressure
(i) Compare the number of moles of two gases
(ii) Compare the number of molecules of two gases
(iii) Compare the number of grams of two gases
4. (a). Explain the following concepts as applied in chemistry :
(i) Outer hard shells of two eggs are removed. One of the eggs is placed in pure water and other is
placed in a saturated solution of sodium chloride. What will be observed and why?
(ii) Equimolar solutions of sodium chloride and glucose are not isotonic
(iii) Glycol and water mixture used in a car radiator while driving through colder regions having sub-
zero temperatures
(iv) Boiling point elevation is not used for determining the molecular mass of proteins
(b). (i) The molal freezing point depression constant of a benzene ( C6H6) is 4.0 KKg/mol. Selenium is
known to exist as a polymer 𝑆𝑒𝑋 with 3.26 g of selenium dissolved in 226 g of benzene .The freezing point
is 0.1120C lower than for pure benzene. Deduce the molecular formula for selenium. ( Atomic mass of Se =
78.8 g/mol )
(ii) Two elements a and b form a compound having the molecular formula AB2 and AB4
Which when dissolved in 20 g of benzene, 1 g of AB2 lower the freezing point by 3.2 K Whereas 1 g of AB4
lowers it by 2.3 K. The molal depression constant for benzene is 5.1 KKg/mol.Calculate the atomic masses of
A and B
5. (a). A white substance a reacts with dilute H2SO4 to produce a colourless gas B and colourless solution C. The
reaction between B and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution produced green solution and slightly coloured precipitate
D. The substance D burns in air to produce a gas E which reacts with B to yield D and colourless liquid.
Anhydrous Copper sulphate is turned blue on addition of this colourless liquid. Addition of aqueous NH3 or
NaOH to C produce precipitate first which dissolves on an excess of the respective reagent to produce clear
solution.In each case identify A, B, C, D and E.Write the equations for reactions involved
(b). Describe two important uses of Quicklime and caustic soda in our daily life`
6. (a). (i) Explain why a hot drink such as tea or coffee which is stored in a vacuum flask cools at slower rate
than other foods such as soups and stews
(ii) Licking a silver spoon that has been dipped in a very hot cup of hot tea probably will not burn your
tongue but a spoonful of the same hot tea dropped on your tongue could leave a blister Explain
(iii) When potassium nitrate dissolve in water, the beaker containing the solution gets cooler. Is the
dissolving of the salt exothermic or endothermic process ?
(b) Calculate the heat of formation of ethyl alcohol ( C2H5OH ) if the heat of combustion of ethyl alcohol is
1380.7 KJ/mol and heat of formation of 𝐶𝑂2(𝑔) and 𝐻2 𝑂(𝐿) are −393.9 KJ/mol and −286.0
KJ/mol respectively.
7. (a) (i) Why does a chilled soda water bottle fizz out when opened ?
(ii) The equilibrium constant for the reaction
3+ − 2+
𝐹𝑒(𝑎𝑞) + 𝑆𝐶𝑁(𝑎𝑞) 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝐶𝑁(𝑎𝑞) at 298 K is 138.What is the

value of equilibrium constant for the reaction

3+ − 2+
2 𝐹𝑒(𝑎𝑞) + 2 𝑆𝐶𝑁(𝑎𝑞) 2 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝐶𝑁(𝑎𝑞) at the same temperature.
Comment upon the values of equilibrium constant for the reaction.

(b). At 1200 K, a mixture of steam and iron in a closed vessel formed an equilibrium in which
pressure of the steam was found to be 15 atm and total pressure of 36.3 atm. Calculate 𝐾𝑝 for this reaction at
1200 K if the reaction equation was

2 𝐻2 𝑂(𝑔) + 2 𝐹𝑒(𝑠) 𝐹𝑒2 𝑂3(𝑠) + 3 𝐻2(𝑔)

SECTION B ( 30 Marks)
Answer two question only in this section
8. (a). (i) Arusha is the one among of rapid population growing cities in Tanzania but has greatly affected with
environmental problems in day to day.There is eruption of epidemic diseases like cholera due to
environmental problems.So assume that you are a regional chemist employed on that region, what are ways
you will take to stop such problem. Use four ( 4 ) points
(ii) Applying fertilizers on the field without good cropping system is often the westage of money and
efforts.Justify this statement
(iii) Masanja is a farmer at Mwabayanda village.His farm in day to day was observed that soil is
deficient of oxygen.Suppose that you as a form six chemistry student, which nutrient supplement would you
advise Mr Masanja to use between Urea and Manure in order to recover the lost nitrogen nutrient
supplement.Give reasons for your choice
(b). You are a specialist who wants to determine the quality of lime so that you can advise farmers and other
stake holders on a best liming material.Show how you can go about in Calculating neutralizing value of
calcium hydroxide ( Ca(OH)2 )

9. (a) Predict the organic products in each of the following :

(i) CH3C≡ CH H2SO4 , H2O
HgSO4

(ii) CH3C≡CCH3 H2
Lindlar’s catalyst
 (iii) CH3C≡ CCH3 Li
NH3 , liquid
(b). Compound A has molecular formula C14H25Br and was obtained by the reaction of sodium acetylide
with 1,12 dibromo,di-decane.On treatment of compound A with sodium amide it was converted to
compound B(C14H24).The ozonolysis of compound B gave the di acid HO2C(CH2)12CO2H.The
catalytic hydrogenation of compound B over Lindlar’s catalyst gave compound C(C14H26), and
hydrogenation over platinum gave compound D(C14H28).A sodium-ammonia reduction of compound
B gave compound E(C14H26).Both C and E yielded O꓿CH(CH2)12CH꓿O on ozonolysis.Assign the
structures to compound Athrough E so as to be consistent with the observed transformations.
(c). Suppose you need to prepare 4-methylpent-2-yne and discover that the only alkynes on hand are
acetylene and propyne .You are also given methyl iodide, isopropyl bromide, and 1,1-dichloro-3-
methylbutane.Which of these compounds would you choose in order to perform your synthesis?s
show how would you carry it out
10. (a). Write the mechanism of chlorination of benzene and methylbenzene:

(i) In presence of carrier catalyst

(ii) In presence of ultraviolet light
(b). (i) Give the mechanism for Friedel-craft alkylation to form ethylbenzene.
(ii) Using examples explain the role(s) of catalysts used in Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation
reactions
(c). (i) Two isomeric hydrocarbons P and Q have the molecular formula C9H12. On oxidation ,P gives a
monocarboxylic acid which when heated with excess soda lime yields benzene.Q is oxidised to
tricaboxylic acid, which can undergo nitration to give mono-nitro derivative.Deduce the structural
formula of P and Q
(ii) ‘Both benzene and hex-3-ene are unsaturated, while benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution
reaction but hex-3-ene does not’.Explain