Allen Special Botany Assertion Reason

Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion
STRATEGIES FOR & Reason)
ENHANCEMENT Target AIIMS
IN FOOD PRODUCTION
Directions for Assertion & Reason questions
These questions consist of two statements each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering
these Questions you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
(A) If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(D) If both Assertion & Reason are false.
1. Assertion :- During selection of good breeds 5. Assertion :- Inbreeding depression can be over
beside high yielding potential, disease resistance is come by mating of selected animals of the breed
also consider. with unrelated animals of the same breed.
Reason :- Diseases of livestock leads to under yield. Reason :- This helps to restore fertility & yield by
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increase in heterozygosity.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Stringent cleanliness and hygiene are
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of paramount importance while milking, storage and 6. Assertion :- Outbreeding never involves breeding
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transport of milk & milk products. between individuals of same breed.
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Reason :- Any kind of microbial infection can Reason :- Outbreeding is carried out between
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cause undesired modification in milk & milk products. individuals of different breed or species.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- Inbreeding is necessary if we want to 7.

20
Assertion :- Outcrossing is the best method for
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evolve a pure line. animals that are below average in productivity in
milk production and growth rate in beef cattles.
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Reason :- Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive
Reason :- By outcrossing production can be rise
gene that are eliminated by selection.
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with restoring the breed specificity.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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4. Assertion :- Continuous and close inbreeding leads 8. Assertion :- Artificial insemination is one of most
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to reduction in fertility and productivity. fundamental and important event during controlled
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Reason :- Continuous and close inbreeding breeding experiments.

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increases homozygosity. Reason :- In artificial insemination semen is

collected from male that is chosen and injected in
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
selected female.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) TG: @Chalnaayaaar ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ans. 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 2
200 E
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (AssertionDIVERSITY
& Reason) IN LIVING WORLD Target AIIMS
(D) If both Assertion & Reason are false. TG: @Chalnaayaaar
1. Assertion :- Binomial names are latinised or 6. Assertion :- Herbaria can not serve as quick
derived from latin irrespective of their origin. reference system in taxonomical studies.
Reason :- Latin is a dead language, so used by Reason :- Herbaria do not help in identification
scholars. and classifications.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Modern taxonomic studies provide 7. Assertion :-Same type of key can be used for every
taxonomic category such as family, genus and species.
0
more accurate grouping of various organisms.
Reason :- The keys are based on the contrasting
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Reason :- Modern taxonomic studies are based
E characters generally in a pair called lead.
on external and internal structures along with the
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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structure of cell, development process and
ecological informations. 8. Assertion :- Biological concept of species is based
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D on reproductive isolation.
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Reason :- Biological concept of species is universal.
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3. Assertion :-Family has a group of related orders
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
and classes.
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Reason :- Families are characterised on the basis 9. Assertion :- Cryptogams do not reproduce
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of only vegetative characters not by reproductive sexually.

characters. Reason :- Flowers are indistinct in cryptogams.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
10. Assertion :- Classification of Linnaeus is artificial.

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4. Assertion :- Genera are aggregates of closely

Reason :- It is based on artificial characters.
A
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related species.
Reason :- Genus comprises a group of related (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
species which has more characters in common in
11. Assertion :- Classification systems have undergone
comparision to species of other genera.
several changes over a period of time.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- This happened, because the criteria for
5. Assertion :- In higher category there is great classifications get changed gradually.
difficulty of determining the relationship to other (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
taxa at the same level. 12. Assertion :- Although Bacterial structure is very
Reason :- In higher taxa there are less characteristics simple yet they are very complex in behaviour.
that the members within the taxa share. Reason :- Bacteria as a group show most
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D extensive metabolic diversity.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
128 E
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Archaebacteria differ from other 20. Assertion :- Slime moulds are protistan
bacteria only in structure not, in resistance. decomposers.
Reason :- Cell wall of Archebacteria is made up Reason :- Spores of slime moulds have cell walls.
of complex peptidoglycans instead of simple (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
peptidoglycans.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 21. Assertion :- Fungi prefer to grow in cold and humid
areas.
14. Assertion :- Heterocysts are specialised cells of Reason :- Low temperature favours the metabolic
blue green algae for Nitrogen fixation. activities.
Reason :- In Heterocyst cells oxygen depleted (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
conditions can be created, which is essential for
Nitrogenase functioning. 22. Assertion :- In Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D well distinct Dikaryophase present during sexual life.
Reason :- During sexual reproduction of
15. Assertion :- Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria
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Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes plasmogamy is
play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, immediately followed by karyogamy.
phosphorus, iron and sulphur.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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Reason :- Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria
-2
oxidise various inorganic substances to obtain 23. Assertion :- Neurospora fungus is known as
energy. E Drosophila of plant kingdom.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Like Drosophila, Neurospora is also
extensively used in biochemical and genetic work.
16. Assertion :- Members of protista are eukaryotes.
Reason :- Protistial cell body does not contain a
(1) A 20
(2) B (3) C (4) D
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well defined nucleus and other membrane bounded 24. Assertion :- Archaebacteria are most resistant to
cell organelles. adverse environmental conditions.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reson :- In archaebacteria, cell wall and cell mem-
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brane are highly complex.

17. As sert io n :- The cellwall of diat oms is
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

indestructible.
Reason :- The cell wall of diatoms is embedded 25. Assertion :- According to Whittaker's classification
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with calcium carbonates. dinoflagellates are included in kingdom Protista.

A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Dinoflagellates have holophytic type of

nutrition.
18. Assertion :- Diatoms are the chief producers in
the oceans. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Diatoms possess both chlorophyll-a and 26. Assertion :- Phylogenetic classification system
chlorophyll-c
provides more accurate arrangement of related
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D taxa.
19. As sert io n :- Euglenoids can perfo rm Reason :- Phylogenetic classification is based on
photosynthesis. evolutionary relationship between the various

organisms.
Reason :- They have chloroplast in cytoplasm.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E
TG: @Chalnaayaaar
129
ALLEN
27. Assertion :- In numerical taxonomy each character 34. Assertion :- Bryophytes play great role in
is given equal importance. providing ecological services.
Reason :- It is quantitative arrangement based on Reason :- Bryophytes help in making of soil and
computational and statistical analysis of number and prevention of soil erosion as well.
codes of the characters. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 35. Assertion :- Mosses are more advanced group of
Bryophytes.
28. Assertion :- Algae are thalloid organisms of
Reason :- Gametophyte of mosses have rhizoids
kingdom plantae.
stem like and leaf like structure.
Reason :- Their body is differentiated into root,
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
stem and leaf.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 36. Assertion :- Pteriodophytes are not completely
successful land plants.
29. Assertion :- Sexual reproduction of Spirogyra is Reason :- Pteridophytes are dependent on water
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isogamous type. for their fertilisation.
Reason :- Both of the fusing gametes of Spirogyra (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
are nonflagellated and similar in size.
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37. Assertion :- Gametophyte of homosporous
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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pteridophyte does not depend on sporophytic body.
30.
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Assertion :- Algae can bridge the gap between
Reason :- In homosporous pteridophytes there
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is ex situ or exosporic spore germination.
demand and supply of proteinaceous diet,
worldwide. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Chlorella and Spirullina are unicellular 38. 20

Assertion :- In gymnosperms seeds are naked.
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proteinaceous food suppliment. Reason :- In gymnosperms seeds are not protected
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D with fruit covering.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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31. Assertion :- Bryophytes are not a successful land

plants. 39. Assertion :- In gymnosperms the seeds that
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develop post fertilisation are naked.

Reason :- In bryophytes there is lack of vascular
Reason :- In gymnosperms ovules are not
system.
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enclosed by any ovary wall.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
32. Assertion :- Bryophytes are best packing material

40. Assertion :- Gymnosperms are first completely
for trans shipment of living materials.
successful land plants.
Reason :- Bryophytes like Sphagnum have high Reason :- In gymnosperms secondary growth is
shock absorption ability and hygroscopic nature. present.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
33. Assertion :- Bryophytes are of great ecological 41. Assertion :- In gymnosperms development of male
importance. gametophyte (pollen grain) takes place within the
Reason :- Bryophytes help in colonisation microsporangia.
(succession) on bare rocks/soil. TG: @Chalnaayaaar Reason :- Gymnosperms are heterosporous plants
in which spores show in situ germination.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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ALLEN
42. Assertion :- In pteridophyte well distinct alternation 49. Assertion :- Cycas is a special tree in which
of generation is present. nitrogen fixation occurs.
Reason :- In pteridophytes both gametophyte and Reason :- Cycas has coralloid roots with
sporophyte are independent. cyanobacteria.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

50. Assertion :- Psilotum is a living fossil.
43. Assertion :- Chara is a green alga close to Reason :- Equisetum is a heterosporous
Bryophyta. pteridophyte.
Reason :- Sex organs are jacketed in Chara. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 51. Assertion :- Sequoia is one of the tallest trees of
gymnosperms.
44. Assertion :- Bryophyta are termed as amphibians Reason :- All members of lycopsida (Pteridophyta)
of plant kingdom are homosporous.
Reason :- Bryophyta are first land plants but (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
depend on water for fertilisation. 52. Assertion :- Azolla is widely used in rice fields.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Cycas has coralloid roots.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
45. Assertion :- Green algae best exhibit the origin
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53. Assertion :- Algin is obtained from Algae.
and evolution of sexual reproduction.
-2
Reason :- Vinblastin is obtained from Vinca rosea.
Reason :- Green algae are most primitive algae.
E
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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46. Assertion :- In angiosperms, endosperm nucleus 54. Assertion :- Trichoderma polysporum is an
is triploid as it is formed due to triple fusion. important fungus.
Reason :- Gymnosperms lack endosperm because 20
Reason :- Cyclosporin-A is obtained from this
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they lack triple fusion. fungus which is used as an immunosuppressive agent
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D in organ transplant.
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47. Assertion :- Heterocysts are found in nitrogen (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
fixing BGA.
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55. Assertion :- Bacteriophage have ability to transfer

Reason :- BGA are very useful nitrogen fixers.
genetic material in bacteria.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- E.Coli helps in transmission of genetic
48. Assertion :- Mycorrhiza is parasitic association.
material in plants.
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Reason :- In lichen, both partners are affected.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
TG: @Chalnaayaaar
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

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Ans. 3 3 2 1 2 4 3 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1
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Ans. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3
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ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason)
MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTSTarget AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Plants show various kind of root 7. Assertion :- Bud is present in axil of petiole in both
modification. simple and compound leaf, but not in axil of leaflets
Reason :- Root modification helps in support, food of compound leaf.
storage and respiration. Reason :- Compound leaf is present in Neem.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Main function of stem is spreading out
8. Assertion :- In palmately compound leaves rachis
branches bearing leaves, flowers and fruits.
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is absent.
Reason :- Usually monocot stem is differentiated
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Reason :- In palmately compound leaf all the
into nodes and internodes.
E leaflets are attached on common point i.e. at the
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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tip of petiole.
3. Assertion :- In some xerophytic plants stem (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
becomes green, flat, leaf like and leaves are
modified into spines. 9.
20
Assertion :- In Calotropis and guava opposite
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Reason :- In xerophytic areas rate of transpiration phyllotaxy is found.
is high, so plants develop various adaptations to Reason :- In Calotropis and guava a pair of leaves
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minimize transpiration. arise on each node.
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

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4. Assertion :- Underground stem helps in 10. Assertion :- Alstonia show whorled phyllotaxy,
perennation. Reason :- In Alstonia one leaf arises on each node.
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Reason :- Underground stem can overcome (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

A
adverse environmental conditions.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 11. Assertion :- In Australian Acacia the leaflets are
short lived.
5. Assertion :- Leaves show acropetal arrangement
Reason :- To minimize transpiration leaflets shade
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on plant.
off and petiole expands and becomes leaf like.
Reason :- Leaves arise from root apical meristem.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
12. Assertion :- Flower is a modified shoot.
6. Assertion :- In monocots parallel venation found
Reason :- In flower vegetative shoot apical
in leaves.
meristem changes to reproductive shoot apex/floral
Reason :- In monocot leaves veins and veinlets do
not form any kind of reticulation. meristem in which internodes do not elongate and
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D the axis gets condensed.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
204 E
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Calyx and corolla are accessory whorls 20. Assertion :- Reticulate venation is found in dicots.
of the flower. Reason :- Veinlets are absent in reticulate venation.
Reason :- They do not have direct role in sexual (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
reproduction.
21. Assertion :- Ovary of Brassicaceae is unilocular in
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
the begining but becomes bilocular at a later stage.
14. Assertion :- Pea flowers are zygomorphic. Reason :- Ovary of Brassicaceae becomes bilocular
Reason :- Pea flowers can be cut in two equal due to formation of a false septum
halves by any radial plane passing through the (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
centre.
22. Assertion :- Inflorescence in Compositae is
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
capitulum.
15. Assertion :- Canna flowers are asymmetric. Reason :- Compositae is a dicot family.
Reason :- Canna flowers cannot be cut into two equal (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
halves by any vertical plane passing through the centre.
23. Assertion :- Stilt root is a example of supporting
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
root.
16. Assertion :- In mustard flowers are hypogynous. Reason :- Stilt root is modified tap root.
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Reason :- In mustard flower, other floral whorls are (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
present above the level of ovary.
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24. Assertion :- In basal placentation ovary is
(1) A E (2) B (3) C (4) D
unilocular.
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17. Assertion :- In Lily flowers epiphyllous stamens are Reason :- Basal placentation is found in sunflower.
present. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- In Lily flowers stamens are attached to
petals.
25.
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Assertion :- Petiole modifies into leaf like structure
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in phyllode.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Phyllode does not perform photosynthesis.
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18. Assertion :- Flowers are arranged in acropetal (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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manner in cymose inflorescence.

26. Assertion :- Mangroove trees growing in marshy
Reason :- All flowers are at same level is cymose
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place have pneumatophores.

inflorescence.
Reason :- Pneumatophores help in anchorage.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

19. Assertion :- Fruit is caryopsis in Poaceae.
A
Reason :- Placentation is parietal in Poaceae.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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Ans. 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 1
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Ans. 3 3 4 3 3 1 2 3 2 3 3
E 205
ALLEN
ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Both apical and intercalary meristems 8. Assertion :- Both vascular cambium and cork
are primary meristem. cambium are lateral meristem.
Reason :- They appear early in life of plant and Reason :- Both are involved in secondary growth
contribute to the formation of primary plant body. of plant by addition of cells in lateral direction of main
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D axis.
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2. Assertion :- Simple permanent tissues are (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
homogenous tissue. 9. Assertion :- Vascular cambium of dicot stem shows
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Reason :- Simple permanent tissue is made up of
dual origin.
cells similar in structure and function.
-2
Reason :- Partially it is made up of primary
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E meristem and partially from secondary meristem.
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3. Assertion :- Xylem fibres have highly thickened (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
walls and continuous central lumen.
10. Assertion :- Interfascicular cambium is the
Reason :- Xylem fibre's wall show lignin deposition
and there is no septation and deposition in their 20
dedifferentiated tissue.
Reason :- In interfascicular cambium cells attain
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lumen face.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D definite shape and function and lost power of
division.
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4. Assertion :- Companion cells are essential for (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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functioning of sieve tubes.

Reason :- The companion cells help in maintaining 11. Assertion :- Old woody plant parts are devoid of
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the pressure gradient in sieve tubes. primary phloem.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Primary phloem gets crushed due to
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continuous formation and accumulation of secondary

5. Assertion :- Epidermal tissue system is of
xylem.
A
protective in function.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- It is the outer most tissue system which
initially comes in contact with environmental factors. 12. Assertion :- Vascular cambium activity is not
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D uniform throughout the year in temperate regions.
6. Assertion :- Epidermal stem hairs are usually of Reason :- Vascular cambium activity is under the
multicellular in nature. control of many physiological and environmental
Reason :- They are of absorptive nature. factors.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
7. Assertion :- Pericycle of monocot roots show dual 13. Assertion :- In dicot stem, endodermis is also
functioning. referred to as the starch sheath.
Reason :- Pericycle of monocot root helps in Reason :- The cells of endodermis are rich in starch
formation of lateral roots and secondary growth. grains.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
262 E
@Chalnaayaaaar
ALLEN
14. Assertion :- Cork cambium activity is responsible 21. Assertion : In a hollow stem no vital function is
for slough off peripheral cells lie outside phellogen. affected.
Reason :- Due to activity of cork cambium, Reason : In hollow hearted stem heart wood is
pressure builds up on the remaining layers perished out and heart wood does not perform any
peripheral to phellogen and ultimately these layers vital function
die and shough off. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
22. Assertion : Sieve tube element and companion cell
15. Assertion :- Removal of bark in the form of ring are called sister cells.
from tree leads to death of the plant. Reason : Sieve tube element and companian cells
Reason :- Bark involves secondary phloem, so on arise from same mother cells
removal of it conduction of organic solutes (food) get (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
stopped.
23. Assertion : In Zea mays roots, xylem is
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
exarch.
16. Assertion :- In roots cork cambium is of secondary Reason : The protoxylem lies towards periphery
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origin. and metaxylem lies towards the centre.
Reason :- It arises due to dedifferentiation of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
pericycle tissue.
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24. Assertion :- Cork or phellem is impermeable to
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
water due to subarin deposition.
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17. Assertion :- Vascular tissues are complex tissues.
E Reason :- Plants have lenticels for exchange of
Reason :- Xylem and phloem tissues are meant for water with environment.
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conduction of water and food respectively. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
25. Assertion :- In angiosperms transport of food and
18. Assertion : Passage cells provide passage to
20
water are more efficient, than gymnosperms and
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absorbed water. pteridophytes.
Reason : Casparian bands are absent in passage Reason :- In angiosperm sieve elements and vessels
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cells. are longitudinally arranged with their perforated,
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D end wall

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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19. Assertion : Most distinct annual rings are formed

in tropical regions 26. Assertion :- Plant dies up after removing the bark.
Reason : Climatic variations are sharp in tropical Reason :- By the removal of bark from large tree,
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regions the tree gradually becomes dry and food conduction

A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D stops and ultimately dies.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion : Vessels are example of syncyte.
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Reason : Vessels are formed by fusion of vessel

elements.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
@chalnaayaaaar

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Ans. 1 1 4 1 1 3 4 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1
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E 263
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IVPLANT
(Assertion & Reason)
PHYSIOLOGY Target AIIMS
- TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
1. Assertion :- For small distance transportation of 7. Assertion :- Facilitated diffusion follows saturation
substances there is no need of vascular tissue. kinetics.
Reason :- Over small distance substances can Reason :- Facilitated diffusion is carried out by
move by diffusion and cytoplasmic streaming. special protein carriers.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Mass flow is differ from diffusion. 8. Assertion :- Both facilitated diffusion and active
Reason :- Unlike diffusion, in mass flow substances transport are sensitive to inhibitors.
0
are swept along at the same pace, as in a flowing Reason :- In both type of transportation protein
-2
river. inhibitors leads to inactivation of side chain.
(1) A
E (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
9. Assertion :- If pressure greater than atmospheric
3. Assertion :- During diffusion of substances there
pressure is applied to pure water or solution, its
is no energy expenditure.
Reason :- Diffusion takes place according to
20
water potential decreases.
LL
Reason :- Pressure other than atmospheric
concentration gradient.
pressure leads to decrease in free energy of solution.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
4. Assertion :- Diffusion is one of the most important

10. Assertion :- Water potential of a cell is affected
process of plants.
by both solute and pressure potential.
ss
Reason :- Diffusion is the only means for gaseous

Reason :- Addition of solute and water both leads
movement within plant body.
to increase in free energy of solution.
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

A
5. Assertion :- Simple diffusion does not follow 11. Assertion :- In plant cell, the cell membrane and
saturation kinetics. the membrane of vacuole, the tonoplast together
Reason :- Simple diff usio n d epends on are important determinants of movement of
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_6\01-PLANT_PHYSIOLOGY\01-WATER-E.P65
concentration gradient. molecules in or out of the cell.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Both cell membrane and tonoplast are
selective permeable membranes.
6. Assertion :- Usually facilitated diffusion is carried
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
out by those substances in which hydrophilic moiety
is present. 12. Assertion :- The net direction and rate of osmosis
Reason :- Lipoidal nature of plasma membrane depends on both pressure gradient and
creates difficulty in passing of those substances in concentration gradient.
which hydrophilic moiety is present. Reason :- Water potential is mainly governed by
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D sum total of pressure potential and osmotic potential.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 37
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Plasmolysis occurs in hypertonic Reason :- Cortex, largest region of root offer no
solution. resistance to water due to intercellular space.
Reason :- In hypertonic solution, value of free (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
energy is comparatively more negative than cell 22. Assertion :- Movement of water through xylem
solution. tracheids and vessels is apoplastic transportation.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Xylem tracheids and vessels are nonliving
14. Assertion :- When a cell or tissue is placed in an conduits.
isotonic solution, there is no net flow of water towards (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
the inside or outside. 23. Assertion :- Root pressure is one of the positive
Reason :- In isotonic solution net volume of cell pressure, which arise due to removal of water.
remains constant. Reason :- Root pressure is responsible for pulling
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D up water to small heights in the stem.
15. Assertion :- Seedlings are able to emerge out of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
the soil into the open. 24. Assertion :- Root pressure does not account for
Reason :- Imbibition creates sufficient pressure so majority of water transport in aerial parts.
that seedling comes out of the soil. Reason :- Greatest contribution of root pressure
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D may be to re-establish the continuous chain of water
16. Assertion :- Imbibition is dependent on diffusion molecule.
and water potential gradient. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
0
Reason :- Diffusion and water potential gradient 25. Assertion :- Water uplifting in aerial parts of plant
create ability of surface adhesion. body have high tensile strength and capillarity.
-2
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Water have three main physical
17.
E
Assertion :- Long distance transport of substances properties that is cohesion, adhesion and surface
19
within plant cannot be by diffusion alone. tension.
Reason :- Diffusion is a slow process. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 26. Assertion :- None of the xylem and phloem
18. Assertion :- Mass or bulk flow is different from
20
translocation is of exclusive nature.
LL
diffusion. Reason :- Small amount of exchange of materials
Reason :- In diffusion different substances move does take place between xylem and phloem.
n
independently while in mass flow they move with (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
same pace. 27. Assertion :- Food is transported by phloem from
io
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D source to sink, primarily in form of sucrose.

ss
19. Assertion :- Apoplast, the system of adjacent cell Reason :- Sucrose is chemically inert but
walls is not continuous throughout plant. osmotically active.
Reason :- It is interrupted by lignified casparian (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
strips. 28. Assertion :- Phloem translocation is bidirectional.

A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Source-sink relationship is variable

20. Assertion :- Symplastic movement is relatively according to season and need of plant.
faster than apoplast. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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Reason :- In symplastic path living cell membrane 29. Assertion :- Mass movement in the phloem is due
and cytoplasm provide energy for fast movement. to loading of sucrose.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Sucrose loading in phloem leads to
21. Assertion :- Most of the water flow in major part creation of water potential gradient.
of roots occurs via the apoplastic path. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 2 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Ans. 3 1 1 3 4 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 1
38 E
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) Target AIIMS
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - MINERAL NUTRITION
@Chalnaayaaaar
1. Assertion :- Hydro pon ics is o ne of t he 6. Assertion :- Calcium is required by meristematic

investigatory method to study mineral requirements cells.
of plants. Reason :- Ca is involved in formation of spindle
N
Reason :- By hydroponics essential elements were apparatus.
identified and their deficiency symptoms discovered. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
0
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
7. Assertion :- Plants show chlorosis on deficiency of
-2
2. Assertion :- In hydroponics nutrient solutions must iron.
E
be adequately aerated. Reason :- Iron is the structural constituent of
19
Reason :- Proper aeratio n donot allow chlorophyll.
precipitation of minerals. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20
LL
8. Assertion :- Boron is essential for sexual
3. Assertion :- Deficiency of any essential element reproduction in flowering plants.
n
can not be met by supplying some other elements. Reason :- Boron favours germination of pollen
io
Reason :- The requirement of essential element grains which is prerequisite for sexual reproduction.
ss
is specific and not replaceable. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
9. Assertion :- In all plants Mo is essential for nitrogen
Se
4. Assertion :- Boron is one of the essential micro metabolism.

A
element or trace element. Reason :- In all plants it is constituent of nitrogenase

Reason :- Boron is needed in small amount enzyme so helps in nitrogen nutrition.
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between 10 to 100 m mole kg–1 of dry matter. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
10. Assertion :-The element is said to be deficient
5. Assertion :- Potassium plays an important role in when present below the critical concentration.
opening and closing of stomata. Reason :- The concentration of essential element
Reason :- In cells K can be found in free form and below which plant growth is retarded is termed as
regulate osmotic potential of cell. critical concentration.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 61
ALLEN
11. Assertion :- Deficiency symptoms of NPK first 17. As sert io n :- Nitrifyin g bacteria are
appear on old plant parts. chemoautotrophs.
Reason :- NPK are mobile elements so they Reason :- Nitrifying bacteria obtain energy from
transport from old parts to young parts. oxidation of NH3 and NO2.–
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
12. Assertion :- Deficiency of any element can cause 18. Assertion :- Conversion of nitrate to ammonia
multiple symptoms. takes place in leaves while conversion of NO3 in
–
Reason :- The same symptoms may be caused by to N2 takes place in soil.

the deficiency of one of the several different Reason :- Enzymes of nitrate assimilation found in
elements.
leaves, while denitrifying bacteria are restricted in
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
soil.
N
13. Assertion :- Moderate decrease of micronutrients (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
causes the deficiency symptoms and moderate

19. Assertion :- Only certain prokaryotic species are
0
increase causes toxicity.
capable of fixing nitrogen.
-2
Reason :- There is a narrow range of concentration
E Reason :- Nitrogenase enzyme is present
at which micronutrients are optimum.
19
exclusively in prokaryotic cells.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
14. Assertion :- Excess of Mn may induce deficiency
20.
20
Assertion :- Both Rhizobium and Frankia are free
LL
of Fe, Mg & Ca.
living bacteria.
Reason :- Excess of Mn compete with uptake of
n
Fe & Mg and inhibit translocation of Ca to shoot Reason :- Both of bacteria fix nitrogen only in
io
apex. symbiotic manner.

ss
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
15. Assertion :- Initial uptake of ions is rapid while 21. Assertion :- Enzyme nitrogenase is highly sensitive
Se
second phase of uptake is slow. to the molecular oxygen.

A
Reason :- Initial uptake is carried out by apoplastic Reason :- O2 leads to oxidative denaturation of Fe
path while second phase of uptake is carried out and Mo-Fe units.
by symplast. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
22. Assertion :- Nitrogen fixation is one of the energy
16. Assertion :- Entire ammon ia arise from dependent process.
ammonification get converted into nitrates.
Reason :- 16 ATP are required for each NH3
Reason :- Plant absorb nitrogen exclusively in the
produced.
form of nitrates.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
62 E
ALLEN
23. As sert io n :- Transport proteins o f root 25. Assertion :- Active mineral absorption favours
endodermal cells are control points of plant. passive absorption of water by roots.
Reason :- Transport proteins of root endodermal Reason :- Active mineral uptake is responsible for
cells adjust the quantity and types of solutes that creation of water potential gradient in roots.
reach the xylem. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
26. Assertion :- Most of the mineral absorption by
24. Assertion :- All minerals can not be passively plant is active process.
absorbed by the roots. Reason :- Some ions also move in epidermal cells
Reason :- Concentration of minerals in soil is passively.
usually lower than concentration in root cells. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
TG: @Chalnaayaaar
0
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
io
ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. 4 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 2
E 63
ALLEN
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
1. Assertion :- Photosynthesis is a physico-chemical 9. Assertion :- In St roma la mellae cyclic
process photophosphorylalion is the only mean of ATP
Reason :- In photosynthesis transfer of light is a synthesis
physical process, while synthesis of carbohydrate is Reason :- In stroma lamellae both PS-II and NADP
a chemical process. reductase enzyme are absent.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
2. Assertion :- In photosynthesis there is synthesis of 10. Assertion :- Energy is not required to pump
glucose but it is stored in form of starch. protons from stroma to lumen.
Reason :- Glucose is osmotically active while starch Reason :- Movement of protons from stroma to
lumen is carried out through facilitated diffusion.
0
is osmotically inactive
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
-2
11. Assertion :- Biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis
3. Assertion :- Photosynthesis is the uphill process,
E is also termed as dark reaction.
while respiration is the down hill process.
Reason :- Biosynthetic phase is not directly
19
Reason :- In photosynthesis CO2 (weak e– acceptor)
dependent on light but it is supported by products
and in respiration O2 (strong e– acceptor) are used of light reactions.
as substrate. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
4.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Assertion :- Biosynthetic phase of photosynthesis
12. 20
Assertion :- In all photosynthetic plants first
fixation product during biosynthetic phase of
LL
is known as dark reaction. photosynthesis is PGA.
Reason :- It takes place in absence of light. Reason :- PGA is the most stable product and is
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D synthesised from both RuBP and PEP, whenever
5. Assertion :- Presence of accessory pigments they act as first CO2 accepting substance.
io
enhances rate of photosynthesis. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- They enable a wider range of wavelength 13. Assertion :- Carboxylation is the most crucial step
ss
of incoming light to be utilised for photosynthesis. of the Calvin cycle.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- In carboxylation both ATP and reducing
6. Assertion :- Excitement of electron from PS to first power get consumed.
Se
e– acceptor is uphill process. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

A
Reason :- Redox potential of first e– acceptor is 14. Assertion :- To make one molecule of glucose 6
less than the ground state of reaction centre. turns of Calvin cycle are required.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- In each turn of Calvin cycle there is
fixation of one CO2 only while 6CO2 are required
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7. Assertion :- The whole scheme of transfer of

electrons strarting from PS-II to NADP+ is called for each glucose.
z-zcheme. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
15. Assertion :- C4 pathway can not effectively work
Reason :- When all the carriers of this scheme are
at low temperature conditions.
placed in sequence on a redox potential scale. They
Reason :- Enzyme PPDK does not effectively work
appear like Z.
at low temperature.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
8. Assertion :- Both PS-I and PS-II are located on 16. Assertion :- C4 plants can tolerate high light
stroma thylakoid membrane intensities.
Reason :- Photolysis of water and reduction of Reason :- Concentric arrangement of bundle
NADP+ takes place in stroma site. sheath cells leads to minimum surface area so that
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D effect of high light intensity can be overcome.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 105
ALLEN
17. Assertion :- In C4 plants there is no photorespiration. 25. Assertion :- Photorespiration is one of the wasteful
Reason :- In C4 plants photolysis of H2O and processes.
Rubisco activity occurs in different cells. Reason :- In Photo respiration there is no synthesis
of ATP and NADPH
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
18. Assertion :- C4 plants show greater productivity
26. As sert io n :- In C 4 plants th ere is no
of biomass.
photorespiration.
Reason :- In C4 plants there is no photo respiration Reason :- Rubisco of C4 plants does not show
and maximum absorption of sunlight. oxygenation affinity.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19. Assertion :- C 4 plants can perform better 27. Assertion :- Photosynthetic productivity of plants
phtosynthesis even in low CO2 level in atmosphere. is also governed by genetic predisposition.
Reason :- In C4 plants there is efficient pumping Reason :- C3 or C4 nature of plant is ultimately
of CO2 to bundle sheath cells. controlled by genetic constitution of plant.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion :- In mesophyll cells of C4 plants there 28. Assertion :- In Aquatic conditions usually CO2
is no sugar formation after fixation of CO2. concentration regulates the rate of photosynthesis.
Reason :- In mesophyll cells there is no Rubisco Reason :- In Aquatic conditions generally CO2 is
N
so C3 cycle events can not operate. available at suboptimal level.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
21. Assertion :- In C4 plants CO2 always transports to 29. Assertion :- In terrestrial conditions CO2 usually
0
bundle sheath cells from mesophyll cells in the form acts as main determining factor of photosynthesis.
-2
of malic acid Reason :- Usually CO2 is available at sub optimal
E
Reason :- OAA is always reduced into malic acid level in terrestrial conditions.
19
in C4 plants. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 30. Assertion :- Except sciophyte and plants of dense
22. Assertion :- C4 plants are less efficient than C3 forest, light is rarely a limiting factor in nature.
plants. 20
Reason :- Light saturation occurs at 10 percent
of full summer sunlight.
LL
Reason :- In C4 plants respiration is to provide
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
more number of ATP and NADPH2 for reduction
31. Assertion :- In C 3 plants increase in CO 2
n
of CO2 in to glucose and regeneration.
concentration will increase their productivity.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
Reason :- In C3 plants CO2 saturation point is

23. Assertion :- The basic pathway that results in
450 ppm.
formation of sugars, the Calvin path way is common
ss
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

to the C3 and C4 plants. 32. Assertion :- Water stress primarily shows indirect
Reason :- C3 path is the only biosynthetic path effect on photosynthesis.
Se
which yields sugar from CO2. Reason :- Water stress leads to closure of stomata
A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D and prevent gaseous exchange.

24. Assertion :- Rubisco show either carboxylation or (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
oxygenation activity at a time. 33. Assertion :- Indirectly water stress leads to
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_6\01-PLANT_PHYSIOLOGY\04-PHOTO-XE.P65
Reason :- Binding of CO2 or O2 is competitive and decrease in photosynthesis.

relative concentration of O2 and CO2 determine Reason :- Water stress leads to wilt of leaves and
which will bind to the enzyme. minimise their surface area.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 4 3 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 1
Que. 31 32 33
TG: @Chalnaayaaar
Ans. 1 1 1
106 E
ALLEN
1. Assertion :- During oxidation of respiratory substrate 7. Assertion :- In Natural alcoholic drinks (beverages)
energy does not release in a single step. alcohol level can never be exceed more than 13%.
Reason :- Breakdown of respiratory substrate in Reason :- Beyond 13% alcohol concentration
single step leads to unfavourable changes in cell yeast poison themselves to death.
temperature. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
8. Assertion :- Aerobic respiration yields more
2. Assertion :- Plants are devoid of specialised energy than anaerobic respiration.
0
respiratory organs. Reason :- In aerobic respiration there is complete
oxidation of organic substances in presence of
-2
Reason :- Each plant part takes care of it's own
gaseous exchange needs.
E oxygen and release all hydrogen and CO2.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- In plants there is no need of 9. Assertion :- Maximum two decarboxylations can

occur in each turn of Krebs cycle.
respiratory and circulatory system.
Reason :- In plants most of the cells have at least
20
Reason :- Acetyl CoA, which enter as a substrate
LL
a part of their surface in contact with air and an in Krebs cycle, is made up of two carbons.
interconnected network of air spaces. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 10. Assertion :- Ubiquinone is one of the important
io
4. Assertion :- Cells oxidise glucose and other carrier of respiratory ETS.

ss
respiratory substances not in one step, but in several Reason :- Ubiquinone helps in oxidation of both
small steps. NADH2 and FADH2.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
Reason :- Oxidation in multiple steps enabling

some steps to be just large enough such that the
A
11. Assertion :- Cytochrome-C is the mobile carrier

energy released can be coupled to ATP synthesis. Reason :- Cytochrome-C helps in transfer of
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D electrons between complex IV and complex V.
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_6\01-PLANT_PHYSIOLOGY\06-RES-EX.P65
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

5. Assertion :- Glycolysis is the oxidative process,
while there is not utilisation of O2. 12. Assertion :- Oxygen is vital for aerobic respiration.
Reason :- In glycolysis redox equivalents are Reason :- Oxygen drives whole process by
removed in form of hydrogen atoms. removing hydrogen from the system.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
6. Assertion :- For complete breakdown of 13. Assertion :- In ETS of respiration, oxidation of

respiratory substrate Krebs cycle is essential. one carrier and reduction of another carrier is essential.
Reason :- Krebs cycle is associated with step wise Reason :- In respiratory ETS, energy of oxidation
removal of all the hydrogen and CO2 molecules. reduction utilised for production of proton gradient.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 143
ALLEN
14. Assertion :- The passage of protons through 16. Assertion :- Fermentation accounts for only a
complex-V is coupled to production of ATP. partial breakdown of glucose.
Reason :- Passage of protons through complex-V Reason :- In fermentation there is no use of O2
is associated with breakdown of proton gradient so final e – acceptor is any of the organic
which leads to release of energy for joining of intermediate.
ADP and Pi. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
17. Assertion :- During fermentation oxidation of
15. Assertion :- Calculation of the net gain of ATP NADH to NAD+ is comparatively slow process than
for every glucose molecule oxidised, is a theoritical aerobic respiration.
calculation. Reason :- NADH arise during fermentation do
Reason :- During breakdown of glucose sequential not enter in ETC, it is to reduce the pyruvate or
orderly functioning of pathway is not necessary. aldehyde.
OR (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Transfer of NADH2 in mitochondria, synthesised
18. Assertion :- Respiratory path is an amphibolic
during glycolysis is not necessary.
N
pathway rather than as a catabolic one.
OR
Reason :- Respiratory pathway is involved in both
Any of the intermediate of this pathway can be
anabolism and catabolism.
utilised in synthesis of other compounds.
0
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
OR
-2
It is not necessary that only glucose is used in
E
respiration as substrate.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
@Chalnaayaaaar
20
LL
n
io
ss
Se
A
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Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18
Ans. 1 1 1
144 E
ALLEN
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - PLANT Target AIIMS
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Assertion :- Growth is one of the part of plant 7. Assertion :- Oxygen is compulsory for growth.
development. Reason :- Oxygen is must for releasing metabolic
Reason :- Development is overall process from energy essential for growth.
birth to death and is sum of growth a nd (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
differentiation.
N
8. Assertion :- The act leading to maturation is known
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
as differentiation.
2. Assertion :- Plants show open form of growth. Reason :- Differentiation leads to structural and
0
Reason :- Plants retain their meristematic activity functional maturation of cells from meristematic
-2
at certain locations, throughout their life. cells.
(1) A E (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
3. Assertion :- During arithmetic growth there is 9. Assertion :- Beside growth, differentiation in
growth at constant rate. plants is also open.
Reason :- During arithmetic growth only one cell
continuously add meristem.
20
Reason :- Cells/tissues arising out of the same
meristem have different structure at maturity.
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
4. Assertion :- A sigmoid curve is characteristic of 10. Assertion :- Development is a broad and
io
plants growing in natural environment. extensive aspect of the life of an organism.

Reason :- In natural conditions generally food and Reason :- Development includes all changes that
ss
space start to act as limiting factor. an organism goes through during it's life cycle from
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D birth of death.
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

5. Assertion :- Plant growth and development is
A
intimately linked with the water status of plant cell. 11. Assertion :- Buttercup produces two different kind
Reason :- Water provides the medium for of leaves within the same plant body.
enzymatic activities. Reason :- Plants can follow different pathways in
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_6\01-PLANT_PHYSIOLOGY\08-GROWTH-X.P65
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D response to environment or phases of life to form

different kinds of structures, due to plasticity.
6. Assertion :- Environmental signals such as light
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
and gravity also affect certain phases or stages of
growth. 12. Assertion :- Growth regulators are intrinsic and
Reason :- Gravity and light leads to differential intercellular factors which controls development of
auxin concentration which is responsible for plant.
differential growth. Reason :- Growth regulators are produced by plant
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D cell itself and work in cells other than those in which
they synthesise.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
172 E
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Auxins help to prevent fruit and leaf 19. Assertion :- Ethylene increases the yield of
drop at early stages. cucurbits.
Reason :- In early stages auxins do not allow Reason :- Ethylene does not allow preharvest fruit
differentiation of abscission zone at the base of plant drop.
organs. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion :- ABA is stress hormone.
14. Assertion :- 2,4-D is one of the selective Reason :- ABA causes abscission of old leaves and
weedicide. fruits.
Reason :- 2,4-D is widely used to kill dicotyledonous (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
weeds and does not aff ect matu re
21. Assertion :- In day neutral plants there is no
monocotyledonous plants.
correlation between exposure to light duration and
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
flowering response.
15. Assertion :- GA3 is used to speed up the malting Reason :- In Day neutral plant there is no specific
process in brewing industries. requirement of light and dark hours.
N
Reason :- GA3 leads to synthesis of a-amylase (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
hydrolysing enzyme which is responsible for partial
22. Assertion :- Flowering in plants depends only on
hydrolysis of starch.
0
a combination of light and dark exposure.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Flowering is not dependent on relative
-2
16. Assertion :- Spraying of gibberellin leads to early
E duration of light and dark hours.
seed formation in conifers. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
Reason :- Gibberellins hastens the maturity period.
23. Assertion :- LDPs without leaf are unable to flower.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Leaves are only photopercieving
17. Assertion :- Kinetin is synthetic cytokinin.
20
structure of plants for flowering.
LL
Reason :- Kinetin was obtained from herring sperm (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
DNA.
n
24. Assertion :- Vernalisation prevents precocious
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
reproductive development till the plant matures.
io
18. Assertion :- Cytokinins helps in the delay of leaf Reason :- Flowering may be quantitatively or
ss
senescence. qualitatively affected by vernalisation.

Reason :- Cytokinin leads to mobilisation of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
nutrients.
Se
25. Assertion :- Winter varieties of wheat & rye are

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
planted in autumn not in spring.

Reason :- If winter varieties planted in spring
normally they fail to flower or produce mature grain
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_6\01-PLANT_PHYSIOLOGY\08-GROWTH-X.P65
within a span of flowering season.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Ans. 1 2 1 3 2 1 4 1 2 1
E 173
ALLEN
CELL BIOLOGY Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Cell is the fundamental structural and 7. Assertion :- Golgi apparatus remains in close
functional unit of all living organisms. association with endoplasmic reticulum.
Reason :- Anything less than a complete structure Reason :- Materials to be packaged in the form
of a cell does not ensure independent living. of vesicles from ER fuse with cis face of the golgi
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D apparatus and move towards maturing face.
N
2. Assertion :- All the organelles of eukaryotic cells (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
are surrounded by either single or double
8. Assertion :- H + pump of the membranes
0
membrane.
Reason :- In eukaryotic cell none of cell organelle can essentially work for lysosomal vesicles.
-2
work and exist without membrane.
E Reason :- Hydrolysing enzymes of lysosome are
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D tend to work on acidic pH.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- In plasma membrane non polar tails
of fatty acids is protected from the aqueous
9. 20
Assertion :- Vacuoles are osmoregulatory
environment.
components of cell.
LL
Reason :- Lipids are arranged within the
membrane with their polar head towards outerside Reason :- Ions and other materials are stored in
vacuole.
n
and the hydrophobic tail towards inner part.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
4. Assertion :- Cell wall is not only a structural 10. Assertion :- Centrioles are essential for
ss
component but also show dynamic role for cell. maintenance of continuity of cells in animals.
Reason :- Cell wall helps in cell to cell interaction
Reason :- Centrioles give rise to spindle apparatus
Se
and provides barrier to undesirable macromolecules.

during cell division.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
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(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

5. Assertion :- Mitochondria, chloroplast and
peroxisome are not involved in endomembrane 11. Assertion :- Macromolecules are able to move
system. between nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Reason :- Their functions are not coordinated with Reason :- At few places both nuclear membranes
constituents of endomembrane system. get fused and form pores.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
6. Assertion :- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
12. Assertion :- Centrosome does not show any kind
frequently observed in protein secretory cells.
of compartmentalisation of cell cytoplasm.
Reason :- Lumen of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
is the only storage site of secretory proteins. Reason :- Centrosome is devoid of membranous
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D coverings.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
226 E
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- A single human cell has approximately 18. Assertion : Peroxysomes are called as suicidal bag.
two meter long thread of DNA distributed in each Reason : Peroxysomes has acid hydrolytic
chromosome. enzymes.
Reason :- During different stages of cell division (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
cells show organised nucleus in place of chromosome.
19. Assert ion : Chloroplasts are known as
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
semiautonomous cell organelle.
14. Assertion :- All eukaryotic cells are not identical. Reson : Chloroplast has lipoprotein membrane.
Reason :- Centrioles are found in animal cells, (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
absent in almost all plant cell.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 20. Assertion :- Ribosomes are involved in protein
synthesis.
15. Assertion :- Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80 S type. Reason :- They are membrane bound cell
Reason :- 'S' indirectly measure of density and size. organelles.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
21. Assertion :- Chromoplast is essential cell organelle
16. Assertion : Mitochondria are considered as
N
prokaryotic endosymbiont of cell. because it contain pigment.
Reason : Genetic system of mitochondria is simillar Reason :- Ribosome is a double membranous
to prokaryotes. organelle.
0
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
-2
17. Assertion : Nucleus controls the metabolic
E
activities of cytoplasm.
19
Reason : Nucleus synthesizes enzymes and send
them to cytoplasm to control the activities.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20
LL
n
@Chalnaayaaaar
io
ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 2
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21
Ans. 1 3 4 2 3 4
E 227
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (AssertionCELL
& Reason)
CYCLE AND DIVISION Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Cells in quiscent stage (G0) are 7. Assertion :- Cell growth results into division.
metabolically inactive, so don't show cell division. Reason :- Cell growth leads to change in
Reason :- Quiscent stage appears on exit of cell nucleocytoplasmic ratio.
from G2 phase of cell cycle. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
8. Assertion :- Meiosis–I is most significant
N
2. Assertion :- Disappearance of nuclear membrane phenomenon from evolution point of view.
is generally essential for karyokinesis Reason :- Meiosis-I leads to reduction in
chromosome so that consistancy of chromosome
0
Reason :- Forward movement of chromosomes
is dependent on spindle apparatus, which organise can be maintained.
-2
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
in cytoplasm.
E
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 9. Assertion :- Zygotene is characterised by
19
formation of synaptonemal complex.
3. Assertion :- Morphology of chromosomes is most
Reason :- Synaptonemal complex helps in
studied during metaphase of cell division.
Reason :- Complete disintegration of nuclear (1) A
20
synapsis of non homologous chromosomes.
(2) B (3) C (4) D
LL
envelope marks the start of metaphase, second
phase of mitosis. 10. Assertion :- Telophase-I leads to formation of diad
n
of cells.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
Reason :- Telophase-I is marked by completion

4. Assertion :- Kinetochore is essential for cell of karyokinesis and cytokinesis as well.
ss
division. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- Kinetochores serve as the sites of
11. Assertion :- Each chromatid is attached with two
attachment of spindle fibres to the chromosome.
Se
spindle fibres during S-phase :-

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
Reason :- During Anaphse-I each chromosome

is found in bivalent form.
5. Assertion :- In anaphase number of chromosomes

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
get doubled.
Reason :- During anaphase each chromosome 12. Assertion : In higher plants, the mitosis is termed
split simultaneously and two daughter chromatids as anastral mitosis.
now referred to as chromosomes. Reason : In higher plants, mitosis takes place
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D without spindle fibers.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
6. Assertion :- In plant cells cell plate method is found
for cytokinesis instead of cell furrow method. 13. Assertion : Replication of DNA not occurs during
Reason :- Plant cells are enclosed by a relatively interkinesis.
inextensible cell wall. Reason : Division of chromosomes takes place
during meiosis–II.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 253
ALLEN
14. Assertion : Meiosis is also known as reduction 17. Assertion :- Yeast can progress through the cell
division. cycle in only about 90 minutes.
Reason : Meiosis reduces the number of Reason :- Duration of cell cycle can vary from
chromosomes in daughter cells. organism to organism.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
15. Assertion : Meiosis produces four genetically 18. Assertion :- During S-phase, amount of DNA per
dissimilar cells. cell doubles.
Reason : Crossing over or gene exchange takes Reason :- During S-phase, there is no increase
place in meiosis. in chromosome number.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
16. Assertion : Crossing over take place during 19. Assertion :- M-phase is the most dramatic period
pachytene stage. of the cell cycle.
Reason : It is a process of interchange of Reason :- It involves a major reorganisation of
chromatid material between non sister chromatid virtually all components of the cell.
N
of homologous chromosomes. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion : Small cells are metabolically less active
0
Reason : K.I. of small cells is less.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
io
ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 4 3 2 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 2 2 2 1 4
254 E
ALLEN
PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCEE Target AIIMS
AND VARIATIONS
1. Assertion :- Inheritance is the basis of heredity. 7. Assertion :- Punnett square is a graphical

representation to calculate the probability of all
Reason :- Inheritance is the process by which
possible genotypes of offsprings in a genetic cross.
characters are passed on from parent to progeny.
Reason :- It was developed by a British geneticist,
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reginald C. Punnett.
N
2. Assertion :- Human exploited the variations that (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
were present naturally in the wild populations of 8. Assertion :- Simply looking at the phenotype of
plants & animals. a dominant trait, it is not possible to know the
0
genotypic composition.
Reason :- Variation is the degree by which progeny
-2
Reason :- Mendel performed reciprocal crosses to
resembles from their parents.
E know the genotype of dominant organism.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- Mendel's experiment had a small 9. Assertion :- Law of dominance is based on the fact
sampling size. that both the characters are recovered as such in
Reason :- It gave greater credibility to the data that
20
F2 generation.
LL
he collected. Reason :- In a pair of factors one member always
dominates the other.
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
4. Assertion :- According to Mendelism, contrasting 10. Assertion :- The unmodified allele, which
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traits did not show any blending. represents the original phenotype is the dominant
ss
Reason :- Only one of the parental traits was allele and the modified allele is generally the
expressed in the F1 while at the F 2 stage both the recessive allele.
Se
traits were expressed in the proportion of 1 : 1. Reason :- The modified allele could be responsible
for production of a non functional enzyme or no
A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D enzyme at all.

5. Assertion :- Genes are the units of inheritance. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- They contain the information that is 11. Assertion :- In co-dominance and incomplete
required to express a particular trait in an organism. dominance, the genotypic & phenotypic ratios are
same.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- In case of co-dominance the F 1
6. Assertion :- The segregation of alleles is a random generation resembles both parents.
process and so there is a 50% chance of a gamete (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
containing either allele. 12. Assertion :- Multiple alleles can be found only
Reason :- By the process of mitosis, the alleles of when population studies are made.
the parental pair separates from each other & only Reason :- Occasionally, a single gene product may
one allele in transmitted to a gamete. produce more than one effect.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

E 69
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Round seeds in pea plant may have 20. Assertion :- The family pedigree of Queen Victoria
large sized or intermediate sized starch grains.
shows a number of haemophilic descendent as she
Reason :- It is an example of pleiotropy, multiple
was a carrier of the disease.
alleles and incomplete dominance.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Haemophilia is a sex linked dominant
disease which shows its transmission from unaffected
14. Assertion :- According to Mendel, a dihybrid cross
carrier female to some of the male progeny
is the multiple of two monohybrid crosses.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- When two pairs of traits are combined 21. Assertion :- Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the
in a hybrid, segregation of one pair of characters substitution of glutamic acid by valine at the sixth
is independent of the other pair of characters. position of the beta globin chain of the haemoglobin
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D molecule.
Reason :- It is due to the single base substitution
15. Assertion :- In grasshopper, some of the sperms
®
at the sixth codon of the beta globin gene from

bear X-chromosome whereas some do not. GUG to GAG.
Reason :- Grasshopper is an example of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
XX-XY type of sex determination. 22. Assertion : Male is haploid and female is diploid
in honey bee.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason : Sex depends on paired and unpaired
0
16. Assertion :- In birds, the females have one Z and chromosomes in every organism.
-2
one W chromosome, whereas male have a pair of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E
Z-chromosomes besides autosomes. 23. Assertion : In multiple alleles many alleles are
19
Reason :- In birds, sex of the offsprings is decided present in a population for a character.
by the temperature of surroundings when they are Reason : All These alleles are present in an
released. individual.
(1) A
20
(2) B (3) C (4) D
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
17. Assertion :- In each pregnancy there is always 50 24. Assertion : In a person with AB-blood group, the
n
percent probability of either a male or a female child erythrocytes carry both A and B antigen on their
surface.
io
in human.
Reason : The alleles IA and IB that produce AB
Reason :- There is an equal probability of
ss
blood group are codominant and both are

fertilization of the ovum with the sperm carrying
expressed.
either X or Y chromosome.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

25. Assertion : Recessive characters are always pure
A
Reason : Recessive genes always express itself in

18. Assertion :- symbol represents normal
homozygous condition
parents with affected male child. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
26. Assertion : Different alleles occur due to mutation
Reason :- It is a autosomal dominant disorder.
which are more stable and inherited from parent to
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
progeny.
19. Assertion :- An X-linked recessive trait shows Reason : One allele may be modified into different
transmission from carrier male to female progeny. allele by crossing over.
Reason :- X-linked recessive trait shows non-criss- (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
cross inheritance.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
70 E
ALLEN
27. Assertion :- Hybrids are the offsprings of parents
differing at least one or more traits.
Reason :- Mendel had crossed pure parents with
at least one contrasting trait and obtained F1 progeny
and called it monohybrid cross.
@chalnaayaaaar
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
0
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
io
ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 4 3 1 3 2 3 4 1 2 2 3 1 3
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Ans. 3 1 3 4 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 2
E 71
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (AssertionREPRODUCTION
SEXUAL & Reason) Target AIIMS
IN FLOWERING PLANTS
1. Assertion :- In majority of angiosperms a typical 7. Assertion :- Geitonogamy is functionally cross

anther is bilobed. pollination and genetically self pollination.
Reason :- It's each lobe having two theca. Reason :- It involves pollinating agent but pollen
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D grains come from same plant.
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Pollen grains can withstand high
temperature and strong acids and alkali. 8. Assertion :- It is believed particularly for some
0
Reason :- Their inner hard layer intine is made up bryophytes and pteridophytes that their distribution
of sporopollenin. is limited.
-2
(1) A E (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- They need water for transport of male
gametes and fertilisation.
19
3. Assertion :- Inner most wall layer of anther, i.e. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
tapetum is of physiological significance.
Reason :- All kind of nutrition of developing pollen 9. Assertion :- All aquatic plants use water for
20
grains go through tapetum. pollination.
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- In aquatic habitat water is the only
medium for transfer of gametes.
n
4. Assertion :- In western countries a large number
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
of pollen products in form of tablets and syrups are

available. 10. Assertion :- Non synchronised pollen release and
ss
Reason :- Pollen grains are rich in nutrients and stigma receptivity is of evolutionary significance.
used as food suppliment. Reason :- It prevent self pollination and promote
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D more genetic variability.

A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

5. Assertion :- Cleistogamous flowers are invariably
autogamous. 11. Assertion :- In monoecious plants neither
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_1\02-SEXUAL REPRODUCTION\02-LIFE-X.P65
Reason :- These flowers donot open at all. autogamy nor geitonogamy can be observed.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- In monoecious plants male and female
flowers produce on different plants.
6. Asertion :- Autogamy is best favoured by
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
cleistogamy.
Reason :- Cleistogamous flowers donot open so 12. Assertion :- Most zygotes divide only after certain
sex organs donot receive sufficient light, which is amount of endosperm is formed.
essential for maturation of gametes. Reason :- This is an adaptation to provide assured
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D nutrition to the developing embryo.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
156 E
ALLEN
13. Assertion :- Seed bearing plants like angiosperms 19. Assertion : Pollen tube shows apical growth.
show wide geographic distribution. Reason : Growth of pollen tube is controlled by
Reason :- In angiosperms water is not required for generative nucleus.
fertilization. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion :– Development of pollen grains begins
14. Assertion :- Apomixis is a form of asexual only after pollination.
reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. Reason :– Development of pollen grain takes
Reason :- In apomixis there is formation of seed place only on stigma.
without fertilisation. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
21. Assertion :– In Angiosperms, sexual reproduction
15. Assertion :- Endosperm increases the success rate takes place through the flower.
of seedling development. Reason :– All the parts of the flower are
Reason :- Endosperm arises from PEC. modification of stem.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
16. Assertion : Clone is formed by amphimixis. 22. Assertion :– The main plant of angiosperm is in
Reason : In amphimixis, new plants are formed the form of sporophyte.
0
without fertilization and meiosis. Reason :– Sporophyte is not differentiated into
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D root, stem and leaves.
-2
E (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
17. Assertion : Synergids of embryosac also help in
19
fertilization in Angiosperms. 23. Assertion :- Polygonum type of embryosac, is most
Reason : Obturators of synergids attract the pollen common in angiosperm.
tube. Reason :- It is found in most of Angiosperm plants.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A
20
(2) B (3) C (4) D
LL
18. Assertion : When embryo sac develops from
n
megaspore mother cell without meiosis it is called
diplospory.
io
@Chalnaayaaaar
Reason : Fruits are formed without seeds in
ss
diplospory.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
A
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Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 2 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 2
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ans. 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 1
E 157
ALLEN
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
1. Assertion : Normally the genetic code is 8. Assertion :- Unequivocal proof that DNA is the
degenerate. genetic material came from Griffith's transformation
Reason : One amino acid is coded by more than experiment.
one codon. Reason :- The biochemical nature of genetic
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D material was defined from transfo rmation
2. Assertion : UGG is a chain termination codon. experiment.
Reason : It does not code any amino acid. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
0
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 9. Assertion :- RNA is less stable then DNA.
-2
3. Assertion : Codon for methionine & tryptophan
Reason :- In RNA 2' – OH group present on every
E
said to be degenerate
nucleotide.
19
Reason : Methionine and tryptophan amino acids
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
coded by more than one codons
10. Assertion :- RNA is best material for transmission
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
4. Assertion : Constant diameter of DNA double helix
20
of genetic informations in the same generation.
LL
Reason :- RNA can directly code for synthesis of
is 20 Å
proteins.
Reason : Purines always pair with pyrimidines and
n
vice-versa (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 11. Assertion :- Essential life processes evolved around
RNA.
ss
5. Assertion : Wobbling process established the
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\04-MOLECULAR BASIS_EXERCISE.P65
economy of t–RNA. Reason :- Beside genetic material RNA also act
Reason : In wobbling process single t–RNA as catalyst.
Se
recognizes more than one codon of m–RNA. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 12. Assertion :- Taylor and colleages in 1958 used
6. Assertion :- Complementary base pairing confers CsCl density gradient centrifugation technique to
a very unique property to the DNA chains. prove semiconservative DNA replication.
Reason :- If sequence of one strand is known then Reason :- They use 15N heavy nitrogen which is not
sequence in other strand can be predicted. a radioactive isotope.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
7. Assertion :- Positively charged histone proteins are 13. Assertion :- Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates
essential for packaging negatively charged DNA. serve dual purposes.
Reason :- Without histone protein DNA can not
Reason :- In addition to acting as substrate, they
fold due to negative charge.
provide energy for polymerisation.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
140 E
ALLEN
14. Assertion :- For long DNA molecule, the two 21. Assertion :- The development & differentiation of
strands of DNA can not be separated in it's entire embryo into adult organisms are the result of
length. coordinated regulation of expression of several sets
Reason :- It needs very high energy investment. of genes.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- The expression of all genes are not
required simultaneously during development of
15. Assertion :- On template 5' ® 3' DNA replicate
organism.
in discontinuous manner.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- DNA polymerase catalyse polymerisation
22. Assertion :- The gene i codes for the repressor of
only in one direction t hat is
the lac operon.
5' ® 3'.
Reason :- The y-gene codes for permease, which
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D increases permeability of the cell to
16. Assertion :- The split-gene arrangement b-galactosidase.
complicates the definition of a gene in terms of a (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
DNA segment. 23. Assertion :- Regulation of lac operon by repressor
Reason :- In eukaryotes the monocistronic is referred to as positive regulation.
structural genes have interrupted coding sequence. Reason :- Regulation of lac operon can also be
0
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D visualised as regulation of enzyme synthesis by its
-2
17. Assertion :- RNA polymerase associates with product.
E
s-factor and r-factor to terminate & initiate the (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
transcription respectively. 24. Assertion :- BAC & YAC are the common vectors
used in HGP.
Reason :- Association with these factors will not
alter the specificality of the RNA polymerase. 20
Reason :- In HGP, sequencing was done by
automated DNA sequencers that worked on
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
methods of F.Sanger.
18. Assertion :- The presence of introns is reminiscent
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
of antiquity & the process of splicing represents the
25. Assertion :- The sequencing of chromosome-1 was
io
dominance of RNA world.

completed at last in May-2006.
Reason :- The split gene arrangement represents
ss
Reason :- Chromosome-1 in the longest

an advanced feature of the genome.

chromosome with maximum number of genes.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

19. Assertion :- Inhibition of transcription is the only 26. Assertion :- The repetitive DNA are separated
A
method of regulation of gene expression in all from bulk genomic DNA as different peaks during
organisms. density gradient centrifugation.
Reason :- Transcription is the first step of gene Reason :- The bulk DNA forms a minor peak &
expression. other major peaks are referred to as satellite DNA.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20. Assertion :- It is the metabolic, physiological or 27. Assertion :- In DNA fingerprinting, after
environmental conditions that regulate the hybridization with VNTR probe, the autoradiogram
expression of genes. gives many bands of different sizes.
Reason :- It differes from individual to individual
Reason :- The genes in a cell are expressed to
in a population except fraternal twins.
perform a particular function or a set of functions.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 141
ALLEN
28. Assertion :- In splicing, introns are removed and 31. Assertion : Colchicine induces polyploidy
remaining parts are joined in specific manner. Reason : Colchicine causes disjunction of chromo-
Reason :- In prokaryotes, splicing occurs prior somes.
protein synthesis. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
32. Assertion : Translocation is a illigal crossing over
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason : Translocatio n is exchange of
29. Assertion :- Adenine form H-bond with thymine. chromosomal segments between nonhomologous
Reason :- Both are pyrimidine. chromosome
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
30. Assertion : Somatic mutations are sometime
inheritable.
Reason : Some organism show vegetative
propagation.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
0
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
io
ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 2 4 3 4 2 1 3 4 2 1 3 3 3 3 1
Que. 31 32
Ans. 3 1
142 E
ALLEN
BIOTECHNOLOGY Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- The name of any restriction 7. Assertion :- Presence of restriction sites of many
endonuclease ends with a Romen number. enzymes within the vector is not desirable.
Reason :- Romen numbers indicate the order in Reason :- It will generate several fragments which
which the enzyme were discovered from that strain will complicate the process.
N
of bacteria. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 8. Assertion :- Recombinant colonies will produce
2. Assertion :- The stickiness of ends produced by blue colour in the medium having
0
restriction endonuclease facilitates the action of X-gal compound.
-2
DNA polymerase. Reason :- The 'gal gene' of vector undergone
Reason :- It helps in joining the two DNA strands.
E insertional inactivation.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- The recombinant DNA molecule 9. Assertion :- Ti-plasmids & retrovirus are used as
cannot be created, unless one cuts the vector & vectors in gene transfer process.
source DNA with same restriction enzyme. 20
Reason :- They have the natural art of delivering
LL
Reason :- When cuts by same enzyme both will genes in their eukaryotic hosts.
have same sticky ends, that can be joined by DNA (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
ligase. 10. Assertion :- DNA cannot pass through cell
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D membranes.
io
4. Assertion :- The DNA fragments can be separated Reason :- DNA is a hydrophobic molecule.
ss
by a technique known as Gel electrophorosis. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- The fragments separates according to 11. Assertion :- Bacterial cells first be made
their shape through the sieving effect provided by competent by monovalent cations, to take up DNA.
Se
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agarose gel. Reason :- It increases the efficiency with which DNA

A
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D enters the bacterium through the pores in cell wall.
5. Assertion :- One can see bright orange coloured (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
bands of DNA in a ethidium bromide stained gel 12. Assertion :- In biolistics method, cells are
exposed to infra-red light. bombarded with high velocity micro-particles of gold
Reason :- One cannot see pure DNA fragments or tungsten coated with DNA.
in the visible & UV light & without staining. Reason :- It is suitable for plant cells.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
6. Assertion :- In Gel electrophorosis, "the smaller 13. Assertion :- A thermostable DNA polymerase is
the fragment size, the farther it moves" used in PCR for repeated amplification.
Reason :- The separation of DNA segments by Reason :- It remain active during high temperature
cutting out the gel is known as elution. induced denaturation of ds DNA.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
182 E
ALLEN
14. Assertion :- The most commonly used bioreactors 22. Assertion :- In gene therapy of SCID, a patient
are of stirring type. requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered
Reason :- The stirrer facilitates even mixing & lymphocytes.
oxygen availability throughout the bioreactor. Reason :- If the ADA gene is introduced into cells
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D at early embryonic stage, it could be a permanent
15. Assertion :- Bacillus thuringiensis produces protein cure.
that kills lepidopteran insect only. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- It forms active protein crystals during a 23. Assertion :- A ds DNA, tagged with a radioactive
particular phase of their growth. molecule (probe) is used in medical diagnosis.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- It is complementary to mutated gene.
16. Assertion :- Crystal protein does not kill the Bacillus (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
& kill only insect. 24. Assertion :- Transgenic animals are those animals
Reason :- In Bacillus it exist as inactive proteins but whose DNA is manipulated to possess & express an
in insect it is converted into an active form due to extra / foreign gene.
acidic pH of the gut. Reason :- About more than 95% of all existing
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D transgenic animals, are mice.
17. Assertion :- The activated toxin binds to the surface (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
of midgut epithelial cells & create pores that cause 25. Assertion :- The milk of 1 transgenic cow, 'Rosie'
st
0
cell swelling & lysis & finally death of insect. is far better than natural cow milk.
-2
Reason :- Most of Bt toxins are insect group Reason :- It produces humen protein - alpha
specific.
E lactalbumin enriched milk.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
18. Assertion :- RNAi involves silencing of a specific 26. Assertion :- Bt plants are resistant to insect pest.
mRNA due to complementary RNA that binds to & Reason :- Bt plants have receptors which convert
prevents translation of the mRNA. 20
protoxin to toxin and kill the insect.
LL
Reason :- RNAi takes place in all prokaryotic
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
organisms as a method of cellular defense.
27. Assertion :- Agrobacterium is natural genetic
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
engineer and causes crown gall disease in plant.
19. Assertion :- The recombinant therapeutics do not
io
Reason :- E.Coli does not transfer its genetic

induce unwanted immunological responses.
material in plants.
ss
Reason :- About 30 recombinant therapetics have

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
been approved for human use world-wide.
28. Assertion :- Bt cotton have toxic gene to kill the
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
insect.
20. Assertion :- The proinsulin contains an extra
A
Reason :- Golden rice have gene for b-carotene.

stretch called as C-peptide.
Reason :- Insulin consists of two short polypeptide (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
29. Assertion :- E.Coli helps in transmission of genetic
chans A & B that are linked together by disulphide
material in plants.
bridges.
Reason :- Bacteriophage have ability to transfer
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
genetic material.
21. Assertion :- Eli Lilly prepared two DNA sequences
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
of A & B chains of insulin & introduced them in the
30. Assertion :- Microinjection is direct method of gene
plasmids of one E.coli.
transfer into nucleus.
Reason :- Chains A & B produced by this E.coli
Reason :- Bacteriophage are used as gene cloning
is extracted & combined by creating disulfide bonds
vectors.
to form insulin.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 183
ALLEN
31. Assertion :- Protection against nematode can be 33. Assertion :- Agrobacterium tumifacians causes
produced through RNA interference. tumor.
Reason :- Genetic engineering is used to increase Reason :- It's T-DNA induces Auxin hormone that
production of secondary metabolites. cause callus formation.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
32. Assertion :- Eli-Lilly company prepared two DNA
sequences corresponding to A and B chain of human
insulin.
Reason :- Chain A and chain B were produced
separately, extracted and combined by creating
disulphide bonds to form human insulin.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
0
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
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ss
Se
A

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 4 1 3 4 2 4 4 1 3 4 2 1 1 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 3 2 3 2 2 4 2 4 2 1 3 2 2 4 2
Que. 31 32 33 TG: @Chalnaayaaar
Ans. 2 2 1
184 E
ALLEN
EXERCISE-III (Assertion & Reason)
BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Statins are used as blood cholesterol 7. Assertion :- Crop production without use of
lowering agent. chemical fertilizers is called organic farming.
Reason :- It obtained from Monascus purpureus and Reason :- Cyanobacteria are autotrophic
acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme prokaryotes which are used as biofertilizers in paddy
responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. fields.
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Saccharomyces cerevisae is used for 8. Assertion :- The full potential of penecillin as an
bread making and in brewing industry. antibiotic was established by Alexander Flemming.
0
Reason :- Saccharomyces cerevisae is a unicellular Reason :- His very first observation was that no
fungi.
-2
bacteria were growing near the culture of Penicillium
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E notatum that he was preparing in lab.
3. Assertion :- Trichoderma is a biocontrol agent of
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
several plant pathogens.
9. Assertion :- Bacillus thuringiensis is also used in
Reason :- Nucleopolyhedrovirus are good
biocontrol agents for insects. making curd.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 20
Reason :- Bacillus thuringienis is the group of
bacteria which converts the lactose into lactic acid.
LL
4. Assertion :- NPV are good biocontrol agents for
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
specific organisms.
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10. Assertion :- Organic farming is very benefical for
n
Reason :- CaMV35S is a constitutive promoter.
(CaMV35S = Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S) farmers to increase crop production.
io
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- B acteria, fungi, mycorrhiza,

cyanobacteria are better biofertilizer which fix
5. Assertion :- Bt-cotton is a genetically modified
ss
crop. nitrogen and increase soil fertility.

Reason :- It releases insecticidal protein to kill adult (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
11. Assertion :- Azolla is used as biofertilizer in paddy
Se
butterfly.
fields.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
A
6. Assertion :- Trichoderma polysporum is an Reason :- BGA is found in the leaves of Azolla.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
important fungus.
Reason :- Cyclosporin-A is obtained from this 12. Assertion :- Mycorrhizal association is useful for
plants.
fungus which is used as an immunosuppressive agent
Reason :- All fungi do not show mycorrhizal
in organ transplant.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D association.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
EXERCISE-III (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ans. 1 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 4 1 1 2
198 E
ALLEN
EXERCISE-III (Assertion & Reason)
PLANT BREEDING Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Plant breeding for disease resistance 7. Assertion :- All the plants arise through tissue
is of ecological concern along with increase yield. culture are somaclones.
Reason :- It reduces the dependence on use of Reason :- All the plants arise through tissue culture
fungicides and bacteriocide chemicals. are genetically identical.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
2. Assertion :- Parbhanikranti is one of the improved
variety of bhindi from high yield and disease 8. Assertion :- Somatic hybridization involves fusion
resistance point of view. of the protoplast of two cells of different species.
0
Reason :- It was obtained by mutation in high Reason :- Cross breeding induces variation.
-2
yielding variety.
E (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
3. Assertion :- Insect resistance in host crop plants 9. Assertion :- Virus free plants can be obtained by
is the cont ribution of only physiological meristem culture.
characteristics. Reason :- Virus can not infects meristem.
Reason :- Morphological and biochemical
(1) A
20
(2) B (3) C (4) D
LL
characteristics donot have any role in pest 10. Assertion :- Virus free plants are developed from
resistance. meristem culture.
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Virus resistant plants of Papaya are
io
4. Assertion :- Hidden hunger is one of the greatest develope from meristem culture.
problem in developing countries specially.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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ss
Reason :- Developing countries cannot afford to buy

11. Assertion :- Somatic hybrid plants are superior
enough fruits, vegetables, legumes, fishes and meat.
than normal plants.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
Reason :- All somatic hybrids are genetically

5. Assertion :- Biofortification is the most practical
A
similar to each other.

means to improve public health.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Biofortification is aimed to breeding
crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals 12. Assertion :- Kalyan sona and Sonalika are
improved varieties of wheat.
or higher proteins and healthier fats.
Reason :- These are produced by genetic
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
engineering at IARI.
6. Assertion :- Atlas'66 wheat variety has been used (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
as a donor for improving cultivated wheat. 13. Assertion :- Somatic hybridization involves the
fusion of two protoplasts.
Reason :- It having high minerals and vitamin
Reason :- Golden rice is formed by somatic
content. hybridization.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
214 E
ALLEN
14. Assertion :- Differentiation is a process of 16. Assertion :- Somaclones are genetically similar.
conversion of plant organs into undifferentiated Reason :- They are produced by tissue culture.
mass. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Hormones play an important role in
this.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
15. Assertion :- IR-8 was a semi dwarf variety
developed at IRRI, Philipines.
Reason :- Jaya and Ratna semi dwarf varieties
were also developed at IRRI, Philipines.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
0
-2
E
19
20
LL
n
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ss
Se
A
N O A H (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 4 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 3 3 3 4 3
Que. 16 TG: @Chalnaayaaar
Ans. 1
E 215
ALLEN
BIOMOLECULES Target AIIMS
(D) If both Assertion & Reason are false. NOAH
1. Assertion :- Most biomolecules which are found in 7. Assertion :- Primary structure of protein is the
the acid insoluble fraction are macromolecules. positional information in protein.
Reason :- Most biomolecules found in acid insoluble Reason :- Primary structure is determined on the
fraction have molecular weight more than 1000 basis of amino acid sequence.
Dalton. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
N
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
8. Assertion :- Last amino acid of any protein is
2. Assertion :- Lipids whose molecular weight does known as C-terminal amino acid.
0
not exceed 800 Dalton come under acid insoluble Reason :- Last amino acid of any protein possess
fraction. free –COOH group.
-2
Reason :- Lipids are present not only as such but (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E
also arranged in structures like membranes during
19
grinding these lipid form vesicle. 9. Assertion :- Metal ions are important for
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D functioning of cells.
Reason :- Metal ions may act as co-factor for
3. Assertion :- Lipids are not strictly macromolecules. 20
several enzymes.
LL
Reason :- Molecular weight of lipids does not (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
exceeds 800 Dalton.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 10. Assertion : Saturated fat ty acids are
n
non-essential fatty acids.
io
4. Assertion :- GLUT-4 is one of the essential protein Reason : They can be synthesized in animal body.
for bioenergetics of the cell.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
ss
Reason :- GLUT-4 enables glucose transport into

cell. 11. Assertion : Maltose is reducing sugar
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason : In maltose 1–2 glycosidic linkage is
Se
present, so free – CHO group present, which is

A
5. Assertion :- Cellulose is a homopolymer, while

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\04-BIOMOLECULES\02-EXERCISE.P65
responsible for reducing nautre

chitin is a heteropolymer.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Cellulose is made up of identical
monomers while chitin is made up of variable 12. Assertion : Glucose is commonest sugar which
monomer units. provides energy on hydrolysis.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason : Glucose is the precursor of all the types
of carbohydrates.
6. Assertion :- Together with polysaccharides and
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
polypeptides nucleic acids comprise the true
macromolecular fraction of any living tissue or cell. 13. Assertion : All monosaccharides are reducing
Reason :- Like polysaccharides and polypeptides sugar.
nucleic acids also have molecular weight more than Reason : Monosaccharides contain free aldehyde
1000 Dalton. or free ketonic group.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 245
ALLEN
14. Assertion : Sucrose is called invert sugar 19. Assertion : All monosaccharides give Benedict's
Reason : Sucrose is initially dextrorotatory but in test.
hydrolysed solution mixture is laevorotatory i.e. Reason : All monosaccharide contain free
rotation of light is changed aldehyde or ketonic group.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
15. Assertion : In the oxidation of monosaccharide first 20. Assertion : Phospholipid is a amphipathic
step is always phosphorylation. molecule.
Reason : All mono saccharide are active with their Reason : Phospholipid contain both hydrophobic
phosphate derivatives. and hydrophilic end.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
16. Assertion : Cho lesterol is an important 21. Assertion :- Fructose is a non-reducing sugar
biochemical. Reason :- It has a ketonic group
Reason : Cholesterol is parental steroid it plays (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
important role in the synthesis of other biologically
22. Assertion :- Mostly enzymes are made up of
N
active steroid hormones.
proteins which have three dimensional structure.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Secondary structure of protein are due
0
17. Assertion : Sucrose is known as invert sugar. to the formation of ionic bonds.
Reason : Sucrose is a disaccharide (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
-2
(1) A E(2) B (3) C (4) D
23. Assertion :- Starch can be stained with iodine but
19
18. Assertion : Phospholipid form bimolecular layer cellulose can not be stained by iodine although both
in aqueous medium. are homopolymer of glucose monomers.
Reason : Phospholipid molecules are amphoteric. Reason :- Cellulose does not contain complex
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
20
helices so can not hold iodine molecules
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
io
ss
Se
A
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\04-BIOMOLECULES\02-EXERCISE.P65

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 TG: @Chalnaayaaar
Ans. 1 2 3 1 1 4 3 1
246 E
ALLEN
EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason)ECOLOGY Target AIIMS
1. Assertion :- Distinct seasons and annual variation 8. Assertion :- Female mosquito is not considered as
in precipitation leads to formation of major biomes. parasite a ltho ugh it n eeds our blo od f or
Reason :- Distinct seasons and annual variation in reproduction.
precipitation leads to development of different Reason :- Aim of parasitism is to obtain only food
climatic conditions which favours growth and not shelter.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
development differentially.
9.
N
Assertion :- Decomposition is one of the most vital
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
functional attribute of ecosystem.
2. Assertion :- Biotic components are as important Reason :- It helps in breakdown of organic
as abiotic components for determination of habitats complex matter and loosening of soil as well.
0
in various biomes. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Interaction between biotic component 10. Assertion :- Temperature and soil moisture are
-2
and physico-chemical components determine the the most important climatic factor that regulate
E
specific regional and local variations of biome. decomposition.
19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Temperature and soil moisture regulates
3. Assertion :- Very small organisms rarely found in activities of soil microbes.
polar regions. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- Small animals have a larger surface area
relative to their volume, they tend to lose body heat
11. 20
Assertion :- In Terrestrial, ecosystem much larger
fraction of energy flows through the detritus food
LL
chain.
very fast when it is cold outside.
Reason :- In an aquatic ecosystem, GFC is the
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
n
major conduit for energy flow.
4. Assertion :- Desert lizards have physiological (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io
ability to cope up with variations in their 12. Assertion :- Detritus food chain may be connected
environment. with grazing food chain at some levels.
ss
Reason :- They develope some alternative Reason :- Some of the organisms of DFC are prey
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_3\01-ECOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHY\03-ORG-X.P65
physiological pathway as per ambient temperature to the GFC animals and some of the organisms are
extremeties of Omnivores in nature.
Se
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

13. Assertion :- Climax community is in near
A
5. Assertion :- Most of the food chain can be

complete with predation. equilibrium with the environment.
Reason :- Composition and structure of climax
Reason :- Predation act as conduit for energy
community generally slow change with changing
transfer across trophic levels.
environment.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
6. Assertion :- Biological control methods of 14. Assertion :- Biodiversity and its conservation are
agricultural pest management programmes are vital environmental issues of international concern.
based on predation. Reason :- Biodiversity has crucial importance for
Reason :- Predators maintain prey populations. our survival and well beings.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
7. Assertion :- Competition always occurs between 15. Assertion :- There is no clearcut estimation about
closely related species compete for same resources biodiversity of prokaryotes.
that are limiting. Reason :- Conventional taxonomic methods are not
Reason :- Totally unrelated species could not suitable for identification of microbes and many
species are not culturable.
compete for same resources.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E 101
ALLEN
16. Assertion :- Removal of key stone species from 24. Assertion :- Excess of ozone in troposphere called
any ecosystem leads to destruction of entire "bad" ozone while excess in stratosphere is known
ecosystem. as ‘‘good’’ ozone.
Reason :- Keystone species drive major ecosystem Reason :- In troposphere ozone acts as pollutant
functions.
while in stratosphere it protects from U.V. radiations.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
17. Assertion :- Introduction of alien species is (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
responsible for extinction of indigenous species. 25. Assertion : Suspended particulate matter (SPM)
Reason :- Alien species have no natural predator, is an important pollutant released by diesel vehicles.
so they causes uncontrolled predation and donot Reason : Catalytic converters greatly reduce
show prudent nature. pollution caused by automobiles.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
18. Assertion :- Co-extinction is also one of the evil 26. Assertion : Presently, the global atmosphere is
quartet about biodiversity loss. warming up.
Reason :- When a species become extinct, the
Reason : The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer
plant and animal species, associated with it in
facultative way also become extinct. has resulted in increase in ultraviolet radiations
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D reaching the earth.
19. Assertion :- Sacred groves are also one of the (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
mean of ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. 27. Assertion :- Mycorrhiza is parasitic association.
N
Reason :- There is de-novo formation of forests, Reason :- In lichen, both partners are affected.
Hills or lakes for conservation of biodiversity in
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
sacred grove category.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 28. Assertion :- Green house gases are harmful for
0
20. Assertion :- Electrostatic precipitator is most environment.
Reason :- Phytoremediation helps to improve soil
-2
widely used for removal of particulate matter.
Reason :- They can remove over 99 percent
E fertility.
particulate matter present in exhaust from a (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
19
thermal power plant. 29. Assertion :- Major producers of aquatic food chain
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D are phytoplanktons, algae and higher plants.
21. Assertion :- Discharge of sewage into river results Reason :- Algae are associated with production of
into a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen.
Reason :- Micro-organ isms in volved in
bioethanol. 20
LL
biodegradation of organic matter in the receiving (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
water body produce a lot of oxygen to facilitate 30. Assertion :- BOD is a parameter used in
degration of organic matter. measuring water pollution.
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Increased BOD means greater the
io
22. Assertion :- A few toxic substances often present pollution potential.

in industrial water can undergo biological (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
magnification.
ss
31. Assertion :- Crop production without use of

Reason :- Toxic substances accumulated by an
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_3\01-ECOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHY\03-ORG-X.P65

chemical fertilizers is called organic farming.
organism can not be metabolised or excreted.
Reason :- Cyanobacteria are autotrophic
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se
23. Assertion :- During integrated waste water prokaryotes which are used as biofertilizers in paddy
A
treatment in town of Arcata cleaning process occurs fields.

in two stages. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- In first step dissolved heavy metals are 32. Assertion :- Reforestation helps in carbon
removed and in second stage conventional sequestration.
sedimentation, filteration and chlorine treatements Reason :- Global warming is useful for human
are given. needs and environment.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 1 1 3 4 1 3 1 3 1 2 2 4 4 2 1
Que. 31 32
Ans. 2 3
102 E

Allen Special Botany Assertion Reason

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Allen Special Botany Assertion Reason

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Pre-Medical : Biology

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

3. Assertion :- Inbreeding is necessary if we want to 7.

with restoring the breed specificity.

Reason :- Continuous and close inbreeding breeding experiments.

increases homozygosity. Reason :- In artificial insemination semen is

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) TG: @Chalnaayaaar ANSWER KEY

of only vegetative characters not by reproductive sexually.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

10. Assertion :- Classification of Linnaeus is artificial.

4. Assertion :- Genera are aggregates of closely

5. Assertion :- In higher category there is great classifications get changed gradually.

difficulty of determining the relationship to other (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

brane are highly complex.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

with calcium carbonates. dinoflagellates are included in kingdom Protista.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Dinoflagellates have holophytic type of

19. As sert io n :- Euglenoids can perfo rm Reason :- Phylogenetic classification is based on

photosynthesis. evolutionary relationship between the various

Reason :- Chlorella and Spirullina are unicellular 38. 20

31. Assertion :- Bryophytes are not a successful land

develop post fertilisation are naked.

enclosed by any ovary wall.

32. Assertion :- Bryophytes are best packing material

Reason :- Bryophytes help in colonisation microsporangia.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

55. Assertion :- Bacteriophage have ability to transfer

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- In lichen, both partners are affected.

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- Underground stem can overcome (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

adverse environmental conditions.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D the axis gets condensed.

manner in cymose inflorescence.

place have pneumatophores.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- Placentation is parietal in Poaceae.

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

functioning of sieve tubes.

the pressure gradient in sieve tubes. primary phloem.

continuous formation and accumulation of secondary

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D end wall

19. Assertion : Most distinct annual rings are formed

regions the tree gradually becomes dry and food conduction

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D stops and ultimately dies.

Reason : Vessels are formed by fusion of vessel

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

4. Assertion :- Diffusion is one of the most important

Reason :- Diffusion is the only means for gaseous

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

concentration gradient. molecules in or out of the cell.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D source to sink, primarily in form of sucrose.

strips. 28. Assertion :- Phloem translocation is bidirectional.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Source-sink relationship is variable

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

1. Assertion :- Hydro pon ics is o ne of t he 6. Assertion :- Calcium is required by meristematic

is specific and not replaceable. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

4. Assertion :- Boron is one of the essential micro metabolism.

element or trace element. Reason :- In all plants it is constituent of nitrogenase

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

Reason :- The same symptoms may be caused by to N2 takes place in soil.

causes the deficiency symptoms and moderate

apex. symbiotic manner.