G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst.

in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – NAMING REACTION
1. Swern Oxidation

2. Dows process

3. Schotten Baumann reaction

4.Williamsons ether synthesis

5. Kolbe’s or Kolbe’s Schmit reaction

6. Riemer – Tiemann reaction (phenol → salicylaldehyde)

7. Coupling reaction

8. Rosenmund reduction

Barium sulphate act as catalytic poison to catalyst palladium (further reduction to alcohol is restricted)
9. Stephen’s reaction

10. Gattermann – Koch reaction

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
11. Etard reaction

12. Friedel – Crafts acylation (benzene → acetophenone)

13. Friedel – Crafts Benzylation

14. Clemmensen Reduction

15. Wolf Kishner Reduction

16. Haloform Reaction

17. Claisen – Schmidt Condensation

18. Cannizaro Reaction

19. Benzoin Condensation

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

20. Perkins’ Reaction

21. Knoevenagal Reaction

22. HVZ (Hell – Volhard – Zelinsky Reaction)

23. Hoff mann’s degradation

24. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis

25. Schotten – Baumann reaction

26. Carbylamine Reaction

27. Mustard Oil Reaction

28. Sandmeyer reaction

29. Gattermann reaction

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

30. Gomberg reaction

31. Thorpe nitrile condensation

32. Levine and Hauser acetylation

33. Aldol Condensation

34. Crossed Aldol Condensation

35.Crossed Cannizaro reaction

36. Fischer Tropsch Synthesis

Temperature =500 – 700K and Pressure = 50 atm

37. Mc Afee Process

38. Sabatier – Mailhe method

Instead of Al2O3; W2O5 or Silica can be used. Required temperature is 400oC

Preparation reaction
1.Hydroboration
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

2. Laboratory Preparation of Phosphine

3. Laboratory Preparation of Ortho phosphoric acid

4. Manufacture of Sulphuric acid by Contact Process

5. Preparation of Potassium dichromate

6. Preparation of Potassium Permanganate

7. Preparation of colloids by chemical method (condensation method)

(ii) Reduction
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

(iii) Hydrolysis

(iv) Double Decomposition

(v) Decomposition

8. Preparation of colloids by Mechanical dispersion and Electro dispersion

9. Esterification

This reaction carried out in presence of con. Sulphuric acid.

10. Preparation of Urotropine

11. Trans esterification

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

12. Preparation of Nylon 6,6 and uses

13. Preparation of Nylon 6 and use

14. Preparation of Nylon-2-Nylon-6

15. Preparation and uses of Terylene (Dacron)

16. Preparation and uses of Neoprene

17. Preparation and uses of Buna-S

Uses: in manufacture of tyres and tubes

18. Preparation and uses of Buna – N

19. Preparation and uses of PHBV (Poly Hydroxy Buterate – co-Hydroxyl valerate
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

20. Preparation and uses of Orlon (PolyAcriloNitrile- PAN)

21. Preparation and uses of LDPE (Low Density Poly Ethylene)

Reaction carried out under oxygen as a catalyst.

22. Preparation and uses of HDPE(High Density Poly Ethylene)

23. Preparation and uses of Bakelite

24. Preparation and uses of Melamine (Formaldehyde melamine)

25. Preparation and uses of Tefflon

Catalyst : Oxygen or Ammonium persulphate

Uses: for coating articles and preparation of non-stick utensils.

26. What is inorganic benzent? And How is it prepared?
Inorganic benzene is Borazine or Borozole
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

27. How is Boronnitride prepared from Boric acid?

28. How is Chlorine prepared in the laboratory?

29. Give the reactions of ammonia with copper and Iron salts.
FeCl3 + 3NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
CuSO4 + 4NH3 → [Cu(NH3)4]SO4
30. Complete the reaction : P4 + NaOH + H2O→?

31. Complete the following reaction 1. 2MnO2 + 2KOH + O2 → 2. Cr2O72- + 6I- + 14H+ →

1.

2.
32. How is benzoic acid prepared from toluene?

33. How are acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride prepared from acetic acid?

34. Complete the following reactions.

(x)

(y)
35. Identify the product x and A in the following reaction.

X= A=
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
36. What happened when acetone oxime is oxidized by trifluro acetic acid?

(CH3)2C=-OH CH3CH(NO2)CH3
Acetone oxide 2-nitro propane
37. What happened when 1-phenyl ethanol is treated with acidic KMnO4?
CH2CH2OH

1-phenylethanol benzoic acid

38. How is bleaching powder prepared?
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O
39. How is chloropicrin prepared?
CH3NO2 + 3Cl2 → CCl3NO2 + 3HCl
40. How will you prepare the following by using Grignard reagent? 1. Propan-1-ol 2. Propan-2-ol.
1. HCHO + CH3CH2MgBr → CH3CH2CH2OMgBr + H-OH → CH3CH2CH2OH + Mg(OH)Br
2. CH3MgBr + CH3CHO → CH3CH(OMgBr)CH3 + H-OH → CH3CH(OH)CH3 + Mg(OH)Br

Tests / Identification
1. How do you identify boric acid/borate radicals?

4H3BO3 + 3C2H5OH B(OC2H5)3 + 3H2O

Triethyl borate(apple green coloured flame)
2. Give the test for sulphuric acid / sulphate radical.

3. Write the chromyl chloride test.

When potassium chromate is heated with any one of chloride salt and con.H2SO4, gives orange red
vapours of chromyl chloride.

4. Give the test to identify the types of emulsion.

A small amount of dye soluble in oil is added to the emulsion. The emulsion is shaken well. The
aqueous emulsion will not take the colour whereas oily emulsion will take up the colour of the dye.
5. Give one test to differentiate [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl
[Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl are ionization isomerism. When these isomers are dissolved
in water, they ionize to give different ions in solution which react differently with different reagents.
[Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 + BaCl2 → [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 + BaSO4(White precipitate)
[Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl + BaCl2 → No reaction
6. Give the tests for carboxylic acid group.
1. aqueous solution of carboxylic acid turn blue litmus into red.
2. gives brisk effervescence with sodium bicarbonate due to the evolution of carbondioxide.
3. when it is warmed with alcohol and con H2SO4 ester is formed, which is detected by its fruity odour.
7. How do you differentiate three types of alcohol by Lucas test?
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

8. Give Victor Meyer’s test to differentiate 3 types of alcohols

9. Give the tests to differentiate alcohol and phenols.

1. phenol react with benzene diazonium chloride to form a red orange dye, but ethanol has no reaction with
it.
2. phenol gives purple coulouration with neutral ferric chloride solution, alcohol do not give such colouration
with FeCl3.
3. phenol reacts with NaOH to give sodium phenoxide. Ethyl alcohol does not react with NaOH.
10. Give the tests for aldehyde.
1. Aldehyde reduces tollen’s reagent. This test is known silver mirror test.

2. It reduces Fehlings solution. Deep blue colour solution is changed to red precipitate of cuprous oxide.

(Give Benedict’s test)

3. Aldehydes reduces Benedict’s solution. Deep blue colour changed to red precipitate.
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

4. when it is added to schiffs’ reagent yields its red colour.

11. Give the tests to identify primary amine.
1. Primary amine gives carbylamines with chloroform and KOH
2. Primary amine gives alcohol with nitrous acid.
3. It react with CS2 and HgCl2 gives alkyl iso cyanate.
12. Which reagent is used to identify Ni2+? What is the formula and colour of the complex?
Dimethyl glyoxime is the reagent to identify Ni2+.
Formula of the complex = [Ni(ONC(CH3)C(CH3)NOH]2
Colour = Rose red colour
How do you convert the following?
1. Ethylene Ethylene glycol

2. Glycerol ; Acrolein( Give the dehydration reaction of glycerol)

3. Glycerol 1,2,3 – Tri nitroglycerin

4. Cumene Phenol

5. Phenol Picric acid

6. Phenol Phenolpthalein
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

7. Benzaldehyde Malachite green dye (triphenyl methane dye)

8. Methyl acetate Ethyl acetate (trans esterification reaction)

O O
║ ║

CH3C-OCH3 + C2H5OH CH3-C-OC2H5 + CH3OH

9.Acetone pinacol (2,3 – dimethyl butane -2,3-diol)

10. Acetaldehyd lactic acid

CN OH
| |
H+/H2O
CH3CH=O + HCN CH3CH-OH CH3CHCOOH
Acetaldehyde Hydrogen cyanohydrin lactic acid
Cyanide
11. Glycol 1,4 – dioxane

12. Hex-3-yne → Hex-3-one

CH3CH2CΞCCH2CH3 + H-OH CH3CH2COCH2CH2CH3

13. Benzaldehyde → 2-hydroxy phenylacetic acid

2-hydroxy phenylacetic acid

14.Benzaldehyd → Hydrobenzamide
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

15 How could you convert the following changes

1)Nitrobenzene → Nphenyl hydroxylamine
2)Propanamide → Propan-1-amine
3) Aniline → p-Nitro aniline

1)

2) CH3CH2CONH2 + 4(H) LiAlH4 CH3CH2CH2NH2

3)
16. How the following changes carried out.
Hex-4-enenitrile → Hex – 4 – enal
DIBAL-H/H2O→
CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CN CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CHO
Hex-4-enenitrile Hex-4-enal
DIHAL-H = Diisobutyl Aluminium Hydroxide = reduces cyanide to give imine. Imine on hydrolysis gives
aldehyde.
Drawing the structure
1.Nitric acid (HNO3)

2. Orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4)

3. Phosphorus tri chloride (PCl3)

4. Phosphine (PH3)

5.Phosphorus acid (H3PO3)

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
6.Phosphorus penta chloride (PCl5)
Cl
Cl
P Cl
Cl
Cl
Trigonal bipyramid
7. Iodine hepta fluoride (IF7)
F
F F
I F
F F
F
Pentagonal bipyramid
8. Bromine penta flouride (BrF5)

F F
Br
F F
F
Square pyramid

9. Bromine tri fluoride (BrF3)

F
:
Br F
:
F
T – shaped
10. Resonance structures of CO and CO2

11. General electronic configuration of 4f and 5f elements

General electronic configuration of lanthanoid (4f group elements) is

General electronic configuration of Actinoid (5f group elements) is

12. Give the structures of isomers of [Co(en)2Cl2]+..
Cl Cl
N Cl N N N
Co Co = en
N N N N N
N Cl

Cis – isomer trans - isomer

13. Cyclic strctures of Glucose
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

14. Cyclic structures of Fructose

15. Cyclic structures of Sucrose

16. Cyclic structures of lactose

17. Cyclic structures of Maltose

18. What is the hybridization of XeOF2?Give its structure.

Hybridisation = sp3d
Structure = T shaped
19. Give the structures of following oxy acids and mention their basicity.
1. Hypo phosphoric acid 2. Ortho phosphoric acid 3. Pyrophosphoric acid
;
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

Basicity
Hypophosphoric acid – 4, Orthophosphoric acid – 3 Pyrophosphoric acid - 4
20. Give the hybridization and structures of the following compounds. 1. BrF5 , 2. IF7
1. BrF5
Hybridisation : sp3d2 Structure = Square pyramid
2. IF7
Hybridisation : sp3d3 Structure = Pentagonal bi pyramid
21. Write any five compounds of Xe and mention their hybridization and structure.

22. Draw the picture of crystal field splitting in tetrahedral complexes.

23. Draw the picture of crystal field splitting in octahedral complexes.

24. Give the structure of zwitter ion of alanin (group with opposite charges)

R = CH3
25. Give the structures of cellulose.
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

26. Write the molecular formula and draw the structure of sulphurous acid and Marshall’s acid.

Organic Problems.
1. Ether (A) with molecular formula C5H12O gives two alkyl halides when heated with con.HI. And on
hydrolysis gives compounds (B) and (C). On oxidation of (B), acid (D) is formed. On oxidation of (C)
, ketone (E) is formed. Identify A,B,C,D and E and write the reaction.
A = CH3CH2OCH(CH3)2 = 2 – ethoxy propane
B = CH3CH2OH = ethanol
C = CH3CHOHCH3 = 2- propanol
D = CH3COOH = ethanoic acid
E = CH3COCH3 = propanone

CH3CH2OCH(CH3)2 + 2HI → CH3CH2I + CH3CHICH3 CH3CH2OH + CH3CHOHCH3

CH3CH2OH CH3COOH

CH3CHOHCH3 CH3COCH3
2. Organic compound (A) C3H8O3 used as sweetening agent. When (A) is oxidised by Fanton’s
reagent gives mixture of compounds (B) and (C). Identify A,B and C. Give the reactions involved.

A = Glycerol B = Glyceraldehyde C = Dihydroxy acetone

3. Organic compound C2H6O(A) when heated with con.H2SO4 at 443K gives unsaturated
hydrocarbon C2H4(B). On further reaction with Bayers reagent it gives compound C 2H6O2 (C), it is
used as antifreezing agent in radiators of automatic machines. On distillation of (C) with con.H 2SO4
gives cyclic compound (C4H8O2) (D). Compound (A) on heating with con.H2SO4 at 413K gives
compound C4H10O (E). Identify the compounds from A to E and write the reaction involved.
A = CH3CH2OH = Ethanol
B = CH2=CH2 = Ethylene
C = HOCH2-CH2OH = Ethylene glycol

D= = 1,4-dioxane
E = CH3CH2OCH2CH3 = diethyl ether
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018

4. Carbonyl compound (A) with molecular formula C5H10O gives solid precipitate on reaction with
sodium bisulphite. Compound (A) undergoes iodoform reaction. Compound (A) will not reduces
Fehling solution. If so identify (A).
CH3COCH2CH2CH3 = 2- pentanone.
5. Organic compoun C3H4 (A) on hydration with Hg 2+/H2SO4 gives compound B. B undergoes
Iodoform test. Compound B reacts with NH2-NH2/C2H5Ona gives hydrocarbon C. B in presence of
dil.NaOH reacts with HCHO gives compound D. Identify A,B,C and D. Write the reactions.
A = CH3CΞCH =prop-1-yne
B = CH3COCH3 = acetone or propanone
C = CH3CH2CH3 = propane
D = HOCH2CH2COCH3 = 4-hydroxybutane-2-one

6. Organic compound C2H4O (A) undergoes tallen’s and Fehling’s solution test. compound (A) on
reaction with methanol and HCl gives compound (B) C 4H10O2. Compound (A) in presence of
dil.NaOH on reaction with methanol gives (C). If so identify A,B and C, write the equations.
A = CH3CHO =Acetaldehyde
B = CH3CH(OCH3)2 =1,1- dimethoxy ethane
C = HOCH2CH2CHO =3-hydroxy propanal

7. Organic compound A (C3H5Br) reacts with Mg in dry ether gives compound (B). By reacting this
compound with CO2 and on acidified gives compound (C). If so identify A,B and C, write the
reaction.

A = cyclo propyl bromide

B = cyclopropyl magnesium bromide
C = cyclopropyl methanoic acid
8. Compound A with molecular formula C7H6O reduces tollen’s reagent. A on reaction with 50%
NaOH gives compound B with molecular formula C7H8O and compound C with molecular formula
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
C7H5O2Na. Compound C react with dil.HCl gives compound D with molecular formula C 7H6O2.
Compound D on heating with sodalime gives compound E. Identify A,B,C,D and E, write the
reaction involved.
A = C6H5CHO = Benzaldehyde
B = C6H5CH2OH = Benzyl alcohol
C = C6H5COONa = Sodium benzoate
D = C6H5COOH = Benzoic acid
E = C6H6 = Benzene
50% NaOH
C6H5CHO + C6H5CHO → C6H5CH2OH + C6H5COONa
C6H5COONa + HCl → C6H5COOH + NaCl
CaO/NaOH
C6H5COOH → C6H6
9. Organic compound A gives compound (B) on reduction. B on reaction with CHCl3 and alcoholic
KOH gives compound (C). Further C reduced in presence of catalyst gives N-methyl aniline. If so
identify A,B and C, write the reactions.
A = C6H5NO2 = Nitrobenzene
B = C6H5NH2 = Aniline
C = C6H5NC = phenyl isocyanide

C6H5NH2 + CHCl3 + KOH → C6H5NC + 3KCl + 3H2O

10. Organic compound (A) with molecular formula C7H7NO reacts with Br2 and KOH gives (B). (B)
undergoes carbylamine reaction. (B) on diazotisation gives (C). C undergoes coupling reaction with
p-cresol gives (D). Identify A,B,C and D, write the reactions.
A = C6H5CONH2 = Benzylamide
B = C6H5NH2 = Aniline
C = C6H5N2Cl = Benzene diazonium chloride

D= = 2-phenylazo-4-methylphenol
C6H5CONH2 + Br2 + 4KOH Δ→ C6H5NH2 + K2CO3 + 2KBr + 2H2O
273K
C6H5NH2 + NaNO2 + 2HCl → C6H5N2Cl + NaCl + 2H2O

+
11. Organic compound (A) with molecular formula CNCl reacts with methyl megnesium bromide
gives compound B-(C2H3N). B on reduced into compound C-(C 2H7N) in presence of catalyst. C
undergoes carbylamine reaction. If so identify A,B and C, write the reactions.
A = CNCl = cyanogen chloride
B = CH3CN = methyl cyanide
C = CH3CH2NH2 = ethanamine

12. Identify A,B and C

A – glutaryl choloride B – glutamide C – 1,5 - diaminopentane

13. Organic nitro compound (A) reduced with Sn/HCl gives compound (B) C 6H7N. Compound (B) in
the presence of pyridine reacts with benzoyl chloride gives compound (C). Compound (B) gives
G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
compound (D) on reaction with CH3Br and on further reaction with NaNO 2/HCl gives yellow coloured
oily compound (E). Identify compound A to E, write the reactions.
A = C6H5NO2 = nitrobenzene
B = C6H5NH2 = aniline
C = C6H5NH-CO-C6H5 = N-phenyl benzamide
D = C6H5NHCH3 = N-methyl aniline
E = C6H5N-N=O = N – nitrasomethyl phenyl amine;
CH3

C6H5NH2 + CH3Br → C6H5NHCH3 + HBr

14. Identify the compounds A,B,C in the following reaction series.

A = CH3CH2N=C=O = ethyl isocyanate

B = CH3CH2NH2 = ethanamine
C = CH3CH2OH = ethanol
15. Identify the compounds A,B,C in the following reaction series.

A = C6H5NH2 = aniline
B = C6H5N2Cl = benzene diazonium chloride
C = C6H5OH = phenol
Write the reactions
1. Write the oxidation reaction of ethylene glycol with periodic acid.

2. Identify compounds A, B and C.

Anisole t-butylchloride/AlCl3→

A = 4-t-butyl-1-anisole B = 2-chloro-4-t-butyl-1-anisole C= 2-chloro-4-t-butyl-1-phenol

3. How will you prepare 2-methylhexan-2-ol from Grignard reagent?

4. write the mechanism of the reaction, ethanol gives ethene by the dehydration under acid
catalyst.

5. Write the IUPAC names for the following compounds.

G.Anbuselvam, PG Asst. in chemistry, GHSS, Pothumbu, Madurai – 625 018
1. C6H5-O-CH2-CH-CH3 2. CH2=CH-CH2-CH2OH 3. Neo pentyl alcohol 4. Glycerol
CH3
1. 2-methylpropoxybenzene 2. 2-but-3-en-1-ol 3. 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol 4.propan-1,2,3-triol
6. Find out the major product formed when 1-ethoxyprop-1-ene react with one mole of HI
CH3CH2OCH=CHCH3 + HI Δ→ CH3CH2I + CH3CH=CHOH → CH3CH2CHO + CH3CH2I
7. What happens when 1-phenylethanol react with acidic KMnO4?

1-phenylethanol acetophenone benzoic acid