UTILIZING Kalanchoe pinnata LEAF EXTRACTION FOR MAKING

FEVER PATCH AS AN EFFORT TO SUPPORT GOOD HEALTH AND

WELL-BEING IN THE SDGs 30 PROGRAM
Fitri Amalia, Fariha Ramadhani, Bintang Ula Nur Maghfiroh, Zaffa Shofia Al-Widad,
Natasya Fadila Riska
Advisor : Muhammad Risyad Rahaf Faldi
MADRASAH ALIYAH ISTIMEWA AMANATUL UMMAH
Iniamaliaaa3@gmail.com
Abstract
The recent season changes are not the same as ordinary season changes. This has an impact on changes
in terms of geography, quantity and quality of water and also on people’s health. Uncertain seasonal changes can
disrupt the human immune system. Drastic changes in body temperature can cause several infectious diseases
such as flu, cough, and fever. The process occurs very quickly and does not give time for the body to adjust,
causing fever. Fever is usually an early symptom of a mild cold that can become a severe cold if not treated
immediately. A severe cold can be bad if it leads to COVID-19, where the presence of the virus is characterized
by a low-grade fever like a normal fever. For this reason, this paper aims to innovate to make extraction from
Kalanchoe pinnata, which contains antipyretics that can be used to reduce fever. By using the transdermal patch
method, which is treatment by transferring drugs through the skin which are then flowed into the blood. We also
used a quantitative descriptive analysis method, by dividing a questionnaire containing several questions about
the treatment among 81 respondents. And as result, 81.2% of respondents agreed with the treatment method. So,
it can be concluded that “Cocor Bebek” leaves can be innovated as a fever-relieving compress that can relieve
fever quickly and efficiently.
Keywords: Kalanchoe pinnata, antipyretics, transdermal method

Introduction the coronavirus or Severe Acute Respiratory

Lately, the weather has often changed due
to drastic climate change. Climate change is a
change in long-term weather patterns that occurs on
a global scale (Setiani, 2020). The effect of global
climate change is multi-sectoral and affects the
quality of human life and the environment in
general (Setiani,2020). Climate change is directly
related to changes in environmental conditions.
Climate and weather are the physical components
of ecosystems, it will affect the incidence and
pattern of the spread of influenza (Hijrawati et al,
2020). Influenza is an example of a disease with
fever symptoms.
Fever is one of the most common
symptoms that bring patients to health services.
Fever is defined as an increase in rectal temperature
above 38°C (Karyanti, 2019). The causes of fever
can vary. Fever can occur due to infection,
autoimmune, metabolic processes, malignancy,
neurological, to inflammatory conditions which are
the causes of fever (Karyanti, 2019). These various
fevers can be grouped into one tropical fever.
Tropical fevers were defined as infections prevalent
in or unique to tropical and subtropical regions.
Some of these occur throughout the year, especially
in rainy and post-rainy seasons (Singhi, 2014). This
situation is exacerbated by the pandemic caused by
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus with
symptoms and a method of spread similar to other
tropical fever diseases.
The impact that can be caused if fever is
not treated appropriately is that it can cause brain
damage and hyperpyrexia which will cause shock,
epilepsy, mental retardation, or learning disabilities
(Mulyani and Lestari, 2020). Many methods can be
done to deal with fever. Currently, transdermal is a
method that is widely used by the public in the form
of patches. Patch preparations have advantages
compared to oral dosage forms including avoiding
the gastrointestinal tract, the drug can be degraded,
increasing bioavailability, the best route for
paediatric patients, the possibility of overdosage
smaller and the drug being easy to detect (Jawal,
2010; Sharma, 2018)
According to Dr Merry Dame Christy
Pane in 2020, antipyretics are a class of drugs that
function as anti-fever. Antipyretics are drugs that
can reduce high body temperature and return body
temperature to normal body conditions
(Bella,2021). Kalanchoe pinnata or commonly
called Cocor Bebek in Indonesia can act as an
antipyretic. Kalanchoe pinnata is known to have a
variety of pharmacological activities including
wound healing, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and
good analgesic, and even empirically effective as an
antipyretic. Prostaglandins, as one of the mediators
of pain, also play a role in the mechanism of
pyrexia (Maulidina, 2016). There are also many
other contents. Flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols,
quinones, and steroids have been shown to exist in
Cocor Bebek leaf extract (Fitriani, 2021). Cocor
Bebek or commonly recognize as Life Plant is a
common plant in tropical climates such as Asia,
Australia, New Zealand, West India, Macaronesia,
Mascarenes, Galapagos, Melanesia, Polynesia, and
Hawaii. Cocor Bebek reproduces vegetatively using
adventitious shoots. Because of its easy breeding, in
several of these regions, the species is widely
naturalised and regarded as invasive. It forms dense
strands in dry and disturbed areas (Majaz et al,
2011).
Furthermore, in 2015, the United Nations
Development Program (UNDP) along with all the
countries in the United Nations adopted the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals or
commonly called SDGs 30. With 169 countries as
targets around the world, SDGs 30 contains 17
goals. One of the points, Goal 3, discussed Good
Health and Well-Being. The main determination of
Goal 3 is to ensure healthy lives and promote well-
being for all at all ages. According to WHO, some
novelties such as scientific research and innovation
that include a balance of research on medical, social
and environmental determinants and solutions can
leverage to benefit health.
Based on the background by looking at the
various advantages and benefits of Cocor Bebek
above, the researchers intend to develop a product
KAPILEXTRAP: (Kalanchoe pinnata Leaves
Extraction with Transdermal Patch). The
superiority of our product is that it has antipyretic
and other properties to treat fever to support
UNDP’s goal to ensure good health. Moreover,
Cocor Bebek breeds easily so they are often found
anywhere. So, they will have more selling value
when processed into a product which can improve
people’s welfare which is in line with UNDP’s goal
to promote well-being.
Method and Experimental Details
Tools and Materials
The ingredients that are used in this
research are 60-gram Cocor Bebek leaves, 40-gram
gelatin powder, and 100ml aquades.
The tools that are used in making
KAPILEXTRAP are a knife, mortar and pestle, pot,
heat-resistance hose, pan, condenser, glass
container, plaster, and plastic safety cover.
Research Method
The study uses a quantitative descriptive
analysis method. The study consists of several
stages that involve the extraction of Kalanchoe
pinnata leaves, the making of fever gel with the
extraction of Kalanchoe pinnata leaves, and the
making process of KAPILEXTRAP.
Data Collection and Data Analysis Techniques
Questionnaire’s Method
A questionnaire is a method of data
collection conducted by giving a set of written
statements or questions to the respondents to
respond according to user requests (Widyoko,
2016)
Observation Method
Observation is a direct observation at the
research site with the intent to know and understand
the knowledge of a phenomenon based on
previously known ideas and to obtain needed
information (Syafnidawaty, 2020). The purpose of
this observation is to utilize Kalanchoe pinnata leaf
as a fever patch and to identify its efficiency.
Documentation Method
The method of documenting is one of the
methods of collecting data by viewing or analyzing
a document made by the subject itself or someone
else by the subject. By this method, researchers
collect data from available documents, making it
possible to obtain records relating to the research
such as school overview, the organizational
structure and school personnel, the circumstances
of teachers and learners, notes, photos, and so forth.
This method of documentation is employed to
acquire unobtained data through observation and
interview methods (Herdiansyah, 2010).
Making Procedure
The making process is divided into several
stages, the first stage is the Kalanchoe pinnata
extraction process which uses the distillation
method, continue with the second stage is gelatin
making process. Then, finish with the
KAPILEXTRAP-making process.
Kalanchoe pinnata Extraction Process
Prepare a 60-gram fresh Kalanchoe
pinnata leaf. Clean Kalanchoe pinnata leaf with
clean water to remove any impurities present. After
that, mash Kalanchoe pinnata leaf until the juices
come out then add 100ml water to the juice, and KAPILEXTRAP Making Process
place it in a pot which has been perforated and
Prepare a 10×5 cm-sized plaster as the
given a heat-resistant hose and a simple condenser.
media for the Kalanchoe pinnata extraction gel.
Cover the pot and bring it to boil at 100°C. Wait
Slice the Kalanchoe pinnata extraction gel into 4×4
until the water vapours. The steam will come out of
cm-sized sheets. Place the Kalanchoe Pinnata
the hose into the glass container.
extraction gel sheet on the plaster. Coat with plastic
safety cover.
Gelatin Making Process
Mix gelatin powder and 100ml distilled
Kalanchoe pinnata extract, and stir until the gelatin
dissolve. Then pour Kalanchoe pinnata extraction
gel into the pan, sit for several minutes and wait
until it chills.
 • Prepare a 60-gram fresh Kalanchoe pinnata leaf. Clean Kalanchoe
pinnata leaf with clean water to remove any impurities present.
• Mash Kalanchoe pinnata leaf until the juices come out.
• Add 100ml water to the juice, and place it in a pot which has been
perforated and given a heat-resistant hose and a simple condenser.
Kalanchoe pinnata Cover the pot and bring it to boil at 100°C. Wait until the water
EXTRACTION
PROCESS
vapors. The steam will come out of the hose into the glass
container.

• Mix gelatin powder, and 100ml distilled Kalanchoe pinnata extract,

and stir until the gelatin dissolve.
• Pour Kalanchoe pinnata extract gel into the pan, sit for several
minutes and wait until it chills.
GELATIN MAKING
PROCESS

• Prepare a 10×5 cm-sized plaster as the media for the Kalanchoe

pinnata extract gel.
• Slice the Kalanchoe pinnata extract gel into 4×4 cm-sized sheets.
• Place the Kalanchoe pinnata extract gel sheet on the plaster. Coat
with plastic safety cover.
KAPILEXTRAP
MAKING PROCESS
Discussion

Responses Chart
100
90
80
70
AGREE
60
DISAGREE
50
40
30
20
10
0
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5

Q1 above Q4 shows the result of 83.3% of the

Based on the data collection results with the
researcher’s questionnaire method, the diagram
above Q1 shows that 87% of respondents agree.
This means KAPILEXTRAP does not cause an
irritating reaction after use. This is because
Kalanchoe pinnata contains flavonoids, tannins,
and saponins that have an anti-inflammation
mechanism (Gideon, 2018.
Q2
Based on the data collection results with the
researcher’s questionnaire method, the diagram
above Q2 shows that 91.6% of respondents agree.
This means KAPILEXTRAP is effective in
lowering body temperature due to fever. This is
because Kalanchoe pinnata is known to have
various pharmacological activities which are
empirically effective as antipyretics that prevent or
reduce fever (Maulidina, 2016).
Q3
Based on the result of data collection with the
researcher’s questionnaire method, the diagram
above Q3 shows the result of 85.18% of
respondents agreeing. This means students of
Amanatul Ummah prefer using KAPILEXTRAP
over other products on the market as an effort to
support green products, this is in line with the
opinion of Daniel (2007) that people tend to buy
products that are related to their aspirations, culture,
values, and many things that define themselves.
respondents agreeing. This means KAPILEXTRAP
could embrace the goals of SDGs: Good Health and
Well-being, this is in line with Katherine White
from Harvard Business Review (2019) that certain
product categories like green products with
sustainability claims showed twice the growth of
their conventional counterparts and are more
preferred by consumers.
Q5
Based on the result of data collection with the
researcher’s questionnaire method, the diagram
above Q5 shows the results of 90.7% of
respondents agreeing. This means the invention of
KAPILEXTRAP can improve the welfare of
society. According to Green Business Bureau,
purchasing local products can help stimulate the
regional economy, and create and retain valuable
jobs for the community.
Conclusion
KAPILEXTRAP does not cause an
irritating reaction after use and is effective in
lowering body temperature due to fever.
KAPILEXTRAP is also preferred by students of
Amanatul Ummah because of its benefit to the
environment as a natural medical product. In turn, it
may also support one of the SDGs programs,
“Good Health and Well-being”

Q4
Acknowledgements
Based on the result of data collection with the
researcher’s questionnaire method, the diagram
 This work would have not been possible
without the support of our advisor, Mr Muhammad
Risyad Rahaf Faldi S.Pd, his advice, knowledge,
and exacting attention have been enthusiastic for us
to complete this research. We would especially like
to thank Mr Mauhiburrahman Lc, the coordinator of
Madrasah Aliyah Istimewa Amanatul Ummah, who
has been supportive and actively provide us with
the time and materials needed to finish this paper.
We are exclusively indebted to Ms Ismi Zahria
M.T, our science teacher for sharing her pearls of
wisdom with us during the course of this research.

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