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 Index
Abaza, Mona 19–20, 24
Abdul Wahab, Mohamed 74–5
Abidin, Adel 116 n.34
Abidin Travels: Welcome to Baghdad
(www.abidintravels.com) 5, 101–2,
107–14, 116 n.38, 117 n.45
mainpage to 107–8
video still 109–10
on bombing of Al-Jumhuriyya Bridge
in Baghdad 102–3
Cold Interrogation 103–5, 111
early life and education 102–3
acculturation 34, 40, 122
Achar, Gilbert 19
activism. See political activism
actors, social. See social actors/actions
Adnan, Etel 56, 60 n.2
affinity/affinitive relations 56–7, 59–60
creative and imaginative 50
and geopolitical order 51–5
transcultural 45–51
Of Cities and Women: Letters to
Fawwaz 47, 50
early life 47
Paris, When It’s Naked 4, 45–8, 52,
54–5, 58–9, 61 n.10
Sitt Marie Rose 46–8
on weather 53
aesthetics 2, 14–15, 38, 40, 46, 70, 72, 77,
83, 89–91, 93, 223–5, 227, 231, 234
Agamben, Giorgio 235
on contemporary 69–70
agency 8, 21, 37, 58, 89, 122, 190, 193, 206,
212, 226
civil 15
poetic 83
political 125
travel 5, 102, 107, 109, 111
Agha-Soltan, Neda, death of 231
Aikerman, Iain 70–1
al-Assad, Bashar 229–30
al-Emad, Ali 214–15
Algeria 34, 45, 52, 56–7, 74
Algerianism 34, 40
al-Houthi, Abdul-Malik Bedreddin 213
al-Houthi, Hussein Badreddin 212–13
Al Jazeera media 19, 22
Al-Ma’ajalah Massacre, 2009 209
Al-Mawkef Al-Masry (MM) (The Egyptian
Stance) facebook group 6, 151–3,
156, 158, 160
al-Muslimi, Farea 209–10
Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
(AQAP) 208–12, 216
al-Qirbi, Abu Bakr 210
al-Sabbagh, Shaimaa, death of 228–32
al-Shabbi, Abu al-Qasim, “The Will to
Life” 89, 93
al-Shurqubi, Salah, al-Muqata’a (The
Boycott) 213–14
alterity 121, 125, 139, 194, 198, 227
Anderson, Benedict 21, 198
Anglo-Indian 163
Ankommen app for migrants 53
Appadurai, Arjun 25 n.17, 32, 197
“Disjuncture and Difference in the
Global Cultural Economy” 106
Arab-Americans 123, 133
Arab-Canadian vs. Canadian-Arab 128–9,
140 n.3
Arabic music 64–5, 75, 131–2
maqamat 65
singers 132
Arab identity 13–14, 24, 121–2, 125, 128,
130–1, 136–8, 152
Arab-Jewish friendship 63, 76, 78
Arab nationalism 64, 69
Arab Spring 2–4, 8, 13, 15, 17–19, 22–4,
64, 74, 78, 83–4, 151, 208, 214,
223–4, 228–30, 234–5. See also
post–Arab Spring
Arab-Western hybridity 121, 125, 136–9
240 Index

Arab World 2–3, 13–15, 22, 24, 41, 89, Benjamin, Walter 17, 226
92, 96, 123–4, 151–2, 156–7, 207, Berkani, Derri, A Forgotten Resistance 73
224 Berman, Paul 206
post-revolutionary artistic scene 17–20 Bhabha, Homi 163, 165, 186, 225
Arab youth 6, 121, 126–39. See also The Location of Culture 164
Canada, Canadian-Arab youth theory of hybridity, criticism 166–7
Arendt, Hannah 194, 225 third space 191, 194, 225–6
Arjomand, Minou 234–6 Bilal, Wafaa
artistic expression 2, 8, 15, 20–4, 84. See early life 103
also collective expression and Shoot an Iraqi: Art, Life, and Resistance
action under the Gun 103
artistic production 17–20, 24, 224 Virtual Jihadi 102, 104–5, 115 n.15
art of protest 7, 223–4, 227–8, 231–2. See opposition and criticism 105
also graffiti; violence binary cultures, opposition of 122, 139
location of 225–6 British vs. Indian 163
nudity (nude picture/video) 232–6 Jordanian vs. Syrian 163, 167, 186
Ashcroft, Bill, “Revolution, of Self/Other 164–7
Transformation and Utopia: The Bouazizi, Mohamed 21, 83, 88, 228, 234,
Function of Literature” 89 236
assimilation 4, 40, 53, 78, 123, 126, 191 Bouraoui, Hédi 3–4, 29
Assouline, Albert 73 cyclist perspective study 35
authentic community/authenticity 18, 68, deterritorialization 39
70, 72, 76, 92, 197 early life and education 32–3, 36–7
authoritarianism 22, 72, 77 from France to United States 33
avant-garde 69, 72 Hannibal (fictional character) 39
Awad, Luwis 155 Memmi on 33
nomaditude 40
Ba’athist Arab nationalism 69 on trans/transculture 30, 35–41
Badiou, Alain 2 trilogy of 39
idea of truth 32–3 works of 33–5, 38–40
procédure de vérité 32 Bourdieu, Pierre, Language and Symbolic
Bahrain 1, 223–4, 229–30 Power 155
Bains, Jatinder, Transcultural Research in Bourguiba, Habib 83–6
Mental Health Problems 30–1 Bramley, Ellie Violet 72
Bakhtin, Mikhail 166 Brandt, Marieke 213
Bakhtin, M. M. 159 burlesque 4, 70, 72, 77
Barenboim, Daniel 78 Bush, George W. 104, 214, 234
Baubock, Rainer 191–2 Butler, Kim, “Defining Diaspora, Refining
Baudelaire, Charles, Le Spleen de Paris a Discourse” 106
49–50
Bayat, Asef 84, 92 cabaret culture 70, 72, 74–5, 77–8
Beinin, Joel 69 Cairokee, Sout Al Horeya 15
on Operation Susannah 68 Camus, Albert 34
belonging, transcultural 4, 15, 30, 32–3, Canada 6, 18, 30–1, 33–4, 40
35–6, 40–1, 45–7 attachment formation in (friendship)
Ben Ali, Zine al-Abidine 85–7 129–30
Bendjedid, Chadli 57 Canadian-Arab youth 6, 121, 123,
Benghazi attack in Libya 219 n.32 125–33, 136, 139, 139 n.2 (see also
Benhabib, Seyla 190 Arab youth)
 Index 241

Canadian multiculturalism 4, 30, 37, collectivism 4, 139

137–8 colonialism 4, 34, 38, 45, 48, 57, 74, 77,
immigrants 124 122. See also postcolonial/post-
Québec 31, 37, 40 colonialism
survey/research (focus groups) 5, 121, colonization 16, 66, 86, 193
127–8 communication, methods of (with home
transcultural identity 124–5 countries) 128–9, 143–6
transcultural psychiatric studies in 31 communism 67–9, 76
Castoriadis, Cornelius 201 n.3 connectivity 14, 36, 85–6, 103, 106, 127–8,
Central European nations 61 n.9 139, 140 n.3, 145, 196, 198. See also
Chamayou, Grégoire 208 cohesion
Chaplin, Charlie 224 contemporary art 5, 107, 224, 226
The Great Dictator 223 cosmopolitanism 4, 36, 63–6, 68–70, 72,
Charalambous, Constadina 152 76–8, 194, 197, 201 n.6
Che Guevara 230 cost-benefit analysis 191, 200
Christian 126, 215, 226, 230–1. See also counterrevolutionary 17, 23–4, 223–4,
Muslim(s); religion/religious 229, 232. See also revolutionary art
citizen/citizenship 2, 4, 6, 13, 16, 22–3, 36, counterterrorism 206, 210. See also
45–6, 52–5, 59, 122–3, 185, 189 terrorism
allegiances 4, 7, 51–2, 74, 189, 195 creaculture 35–7
Benhabib on 190 critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach
cosmopolitan 190 151, 154, 160
cultural 126, 197 cross-culture 37
digital 21 crossing 37, 151–3, 159–60
dual 124, 190–1 Cuban revolution 230
extension of 53–5, 59 cultural interaction (poiesis) 194
flexible 126, 194 culture 14, 23, 30–1, 39, 105, 123–5,
global 58 130–1, 167, 198. See also
hierarchal 193 multiculturalism/multiculturality;
individual 194–5 transculturality/transculturalism/
multicultural 190 transculture
multiple 190–1, 193 American 123–4, 133
ontological 7, 189–90, 192–5, 200 Arabic 8, 105, 121–2, 124–5, 127–8,
political 190–5, 197 130–6, 139, 198
poly-citizenship 4, 7, 126, 189 cultural Darwinism 31
stakeholder 191 cultural hybridity 163–6
state-citizen relationship 191 cultural identity 6, 24, 41, 122, 136–9
transferred Indian citizens 192 cultural/multicultural citizenship 126,
transnational 122, 190–1 190, 197
civil war 46–7, 52, 57, 59, 69, 212–13, 218 cultural production 2, 17–19, 24, 198
Clifford, James, “Diasporas” 106 forms of 18
code-mixing 151, 158 homogenous 167, 187
code-switching 6, 151, 153 Indian 196–8
Cohen, Sacha 224 modern 14
The Dictator 223 politics and 8, 18, 38
cohesion 153, 205 popular 70, 125–7, 139, 213
collective expression and action 1–2, study of 31, 35
151–2. See also artistic expression taboos 135
collective identity/collectivities 1, 159, 190 transnational 16
242 Index

Darragi, Rafiq 32 essentialism, cultural 14, 35, 166

darwish/darwich/darwiche 71 Eshel, Amir 55–6
Darwishe, Mahmoud 84 ethnic identity/ethnicity 1, 46, 70, 125–6,
Darwish, Sayyid 71 192, 197–8
De Angelis, Francesco 156 ethno-religious element 24, 34, 36
defiance 23, 88, 223–5, 231, 235–6 European Atomic Energy Community
Delacroix, Eugène 105 60 n.8
Liberty Leading the People 230 European Coal and Steel Community
demands (rights and freedom) 1, 15, 53, (ECSC) 52, 60 n.8
205, 207, 212, 216, 228–9 European Economic Community 52, 60
demarcation 45, 103, 191 n.8
Derluguian, Georgi M. 38 European identity 45, 52–3
determinants/determinism 14, 31, 40, 77 European Union (EU) 4, 45–6, 49, 51–5,
De Unamuno, Miguel 41 58, 190, 192–3
diaspora/diasporic 22, 54, 106, 125–6, 128, Eurozone 193
130, 191, 193, 195 formation of 4, 48, 52–4, 56, 58–9
digital 5, 106–7 union and exclusion 55–8
Indian 192, 195–200 exceptionalism 19, 92
Iraqi 5 exotopy 30
digital citizen 21 external voting 191
digital media 84, 107
diversity 2, 14, 30–2, 38, 40, 54–5, 154, Facebook 5, 83–6, 88, 127, 131, 157. See
166, 169 also Zuckerberg, Mark
divide-and-rule strategy 68, 75 Al-Mawkef Al-Masry (MM) (the
Dnaz, Thyazyla 18–19 Egyptian Stance) group 6, 151–3,
Doss, Madiha 158–9 156, 158, 160
Dubai 195, 197–8, 201 n.5 Facebook Revolution 23, 88
DuBois, W. E. B., dual consciousness 164, Ouled Ahmed’s revolution on 85–6,
198 88–9, 92–4, 97
virtual space of 91–3
economic system 23, 35, 52–3, 126, 168, Fahmy, Ziad 70
170, 179, 182–4, 186, 192–4, 196, Fairclough, Norman 6, 154, 159
199–200 faisance approach 38
Eco, Umberto 39 Fanon, Frantz 74
Egan, Jennifer 85 Black Skin, White Masks 164
Egypt 64–9, 156–7, 223, 229, 232, 234–6 Farahani, Golshifteh 232–6
Cairo 19–20, 23 fascism 70, 74–5, 77
Egyptian dialect 155–6 Fattal, Simone 47, 60 n.2
Egyptian music 71, 132 Fayid, Ismail 71–2
revolution in 13, 18–20, 24, 64, 76–7, Feierstein, Gerald 214–15
230–1 Feminist Majority Movement 57
Tahrir Square 13, 18–20, 22, 228 Feroun, Mouloud, Le fils du pauvre (The
Egyptian Arabic (EA) 151, 153, 156–60 Poor Man’s Son) 34
Elmahdy, Aliaa Magda 232–6 Ferroukhi, Ismaël, Free Men 4, 63, 72–3,
el-Sisi, Abdel Fattah 229 75–8
emergent art 7, 14, 165 filiation vs. affiliation 47–8
epistemology 3, 15, 49, 121, 125, 127–30, Finland 103
133–4 folk culture 71
Epstein, Michael 31, 38 foreign policy 126, 208
 Index 243

Fosse, Bob, Cabaret 70, 72 Habermas, Jürgen 201 n.3, 201 n.5,
Foucault, Michel 96, 191 225
France 4, 33, 35–6, 45, 54–7, 235 Habiby, Emile, The Secret Life of Saeed the
Paris 49, 51–5, 57, 59 Pessoptimist 71
Franco-Oriental culture 75 Hadi, Abdrabbuh Mansur 205–6, 210
Franzen, Jonathan, “What’s Wrong with Halali, Salim 73–6
the Modern World?” 85 Hamdi Bey, Osman
Fraser 192 Theologian 115 n.23
French Africans (pieds noirs) 34 Two Musician Girls 115 n.23
French Algerian identity 34 Hamdy, Naila 20, 24
French Resistance 74 “Framing the Egyptian Uprising in
Freud, Sigmund, Jokes and Their Relation Arabic Language Newspapers and
to the Unconscious 110 Social Media” 18
futurity 55–6, 58–9 Hanafi, Sari 23
Harrison, Olivia C. 46–8
Gadamer, Hans-George 226 hegemony 1, 23, 41, 107, 164, 167, 206,
Garrick, Jacqueline, Trauma Treatment 212–13, 216, 218
Techniques: Innovative Trends 110 Heidegger, Martin 194, 200 n.1
gender 3, 31, 53, 76, 95, 135, 171, 177–9 Hirschkind, Charles 57
Generation of 1898 41 Hishik Bishik Show 70, 76
Ghali, Waguih, Beer in the Snooker Club 4, Bramley’s review of 72
63–70, 72, 76–8 Fayid’s review of 71–2
Gilroy, Paul, dual consciousness 164 Hoerder, Dirk 31, 36, 40
Global Islamic Media Front 104 Holocaust 73, 77
globalization 19, 21, 24, 31, 78, 189–90, home country/homeland 51, 93–4, 102–3,
192–3, 197 106–7, 121–3, 125–8, 139, 191–2,
Gomaa, Ehab 20, 24 197–8, 200, 209
“Framing the Egyptian Uprising in alternative 175, 185
Arabic Language Newspapers and methods of communication with
Social Media” 18 128–9, 143–6
Goya, Francisco 116 n.41 Hometown Baghdad (video series) 102,
graffiti 17, 19–20, 23–4. See also art of 112, 114
protest “Market Boom” 112–13
Subay’s campaign 211 “Symphony of Bullets” 112–13
The Grand Budapest Hotel (Anderson, Honold, Alexander 65
Wes) 72 Houthis movement 8, 16, 205–6
Green Movement in Iran 223, 231, 235 sarkha (scream) slogan 8, 206–8, 212,
Gregory, Dereck 111 217–18
group identity 151, 153 articulations of 212–16
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) theater of immediacy for 208
countries 218 n.3 vs. Iranian flag 207
Gulf Indians 192, 194, 196. See also India; Howard, Philip 84
United Arab Emirates (UAE) Hughes, Everett C. 31
cultural acceptance of 198 humanity 33, 35, 40, 66, 69, 71, 76, 232
education 197 Hussain, Muzammil 84
graduation/employment 196 Hussein, Saddam 102, 104
second-generation 189, 191, 194, 196, Hussein, Taha, Mostaqbal Al-Thaqafa
200 fi Misr (The Future of Culture in
youth 194–8, 201 n.5 Egypt) 155
244 Index

hybridity/hybridization 14, 16, 121–3, Baghdad 101, 107, 111–12

125–7, 129–34, 194 identity 5, 103–5
Arab-Western 136–9 Iraqi as Other 111, 114
criticism of Bhabha’s theory of 166–8 Iraq war 102, 105, 109, 111–12
cultural 163–6 political environment of 103
of identity 164–6 Isfahani, Hatef, tarji’-band 227
Orient 105, 165 Isherwood, Christopher, Goodbye to Berlin
self/Other 20–1, 31–3, 38, 60, 63, 111, 70
114, 164–7, 178, 182, 185, 227 Islam 74, 206–7, 212, 214
Islamic art 224–5
identity formation, transcultural 5, 7, Sunni tradition 206–7
121–3, 125, 127, 139, 155 Islamic Republic of Iran 206, 228, 231–2,
of Arab transnationals 128–9 235–6
identity politics 4, 22, 46, 63, 69, 75, 77, Islamic State (IS) group 18, 229
102 Islamophobia 74, 139, 235
ideology 1, 15, 20, 34, 69, 76, 159–60, 224, Ismail, Salwa 23
233 Israel 8, 68, 73, 78, 207, 212–13, 218
ideology-free revolution 95 Israeli-Palestinian conflict 78, 213
technology vs. 94–6 Iwamura, Jane 114
imaginaries 3, 5, 14, 22–3, 66, 70, 78, 122, Virtual Orientalism: Asian Religions
201 n.3 and American Popular Culture 111
political 21–3
immigrants/immigration 6, 34, 51, James, William, plural monism 39
123–7, 190, 192. See also migrants/ Japan 193
migration Jasmine revolution 13, 21, 92
imperialism 66, 230. See also neo- Jews/Jewish community 75–7, 206–7
imperialism Arabs and 63, 72–4, 76–8
inclusiveness 5, 15 deportation of 36
India 193, 195–9. See also Gulf Indians Jordon, Middle East
authenticity 197 Jordanian descriptions of Syrians 183
development of 196 Jordanian-Syrian marriages 174–80
Indian diaspora 192, 195–200 nationalization laws 187 n.4
Ingres, Jean-Auguste-Dominique 105 population based on nationality 171
inhabitants 37, 56, 196 survey results analysis 172–3, 185–6
Innocence of Muslims film 214–15 Syrian culture on Jordanian culture
interaction, forms of 194. See also specific 173–4, 186–7
interactions Syrian influence in 174
interculturality 14, 24 Syrians in 171–3, 180–3
internationalism 55
Internet 69, 83–4, 95, 106–7, 132, 213, Kahanoff, Jacqueline, Muslim nationalism
233–5 69
digital dissent 86 Kant, Immanuel 226–7
opposition to 85 Kassab, Elizabeth Suzanne 41
and poetry 90–1 Contemporary Arab Thought: Cultural
users in Tunisia 85–6 Critique in Comparative Perspective
interstitial space 7–8, 224, 226–7, 230–3, 40–1
236. See also space Katz, Ethan B., The Burdens of
Iran 8, 207, 212, 229, 232–6 Brotherhood: Jews and Muslims
Iraq/Iraqi 102, 112, 230 from North Africa to France 75
 Index 245

Khaled, Leila 230 Maira, Sunaima 126–7, 139

Khaliji-style Islamism 19 marginalization 4, 57, 105–7, 114
Khomeini, Ayatollah 230, 233 Marks, Laura 111
kitsch 72, 76 mass gatherings 1
Kraidy, Marwan 165–6 mass movements 1, 3, 186
Kuipers, Giselinde 111 Mathaf, Arab Museum of Modern Art,
Kulthum, Um 71, 74–5 Doha, Qatar 224
Kundera, Milan 60 n.9 May, Theresa 58–9
Kuwait 102–3, 215 media production 18
Kymlicka, Will 190, 193 Mediterranean 31, 39, 41
Mehta, Brinda 17–18
Laguerre, Michael 106 Memmi, Albert 33–4
language 2, 31, 34, 54, 57, 63, 86, 93, 107, Merritt, Giles 59
129, 137, 139, 152–6, 159 Middle Arabic 155–6
Arabic 6, 18, 125, 132–3, 153, 155–6 Middle East 18, 22, 24, 50, 58–9, 83, 123,
democratic 156 125, 131, 139
dialect 6, 151–2, 158 Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Arabic 155 15, 45, 58, 83, 127, 138–9
Egyptian 155–6 media 128–9, 131–2, 146–50
Tunisian 89–90 migrants/migration 4, 6–7, 15, 45–6,
dialogicality of 159 52, 54–6, 58–60, 124, 189, 192–4,
German 53 196, 198. See also immigrants/
linguistics 151–60 immigration
multilingualism 132–3 Ankommen app for 53
sociolinguistics 6, 152, 154 mobilization 2, 5, 122–4, 126, 224
variation 154 Mondino, Jean-Baptiste 232
Lefebvre, Henri 93, 96, 225 Mortlock, Grace 116 n.33
Lentin, Jerome 156 Mubarak, Hosni 20, 23
Leutze, Emanuel Gottlieb, Washington multiculturalism/multiculturality 14, 29,
Crossing the Delaware 230 31, 40, 54, 70, 196. See also culture;
Levantine Arabs 131 transculturality/transculturalism/
Levinas, Emanuel 227 transculture
Levine, Mark 17–18, 24 boutique 37
theater of immediacy 207 in Canada 4, 30, 37, 137–8
Lewis, Jeff 37 citizenship 190
liberalism 64, 67, 76–8. See also Musa, Salama 155
neoliberal/neoliberalism Musharrafa, Mustafa 155
liberation 31, 74, 76, 111, 225, 228, 235 Muslim(s) 73–5, 134, 138, 155, 212–16,
Libya 223, 229–30 224–5, 227, 229–30, 233–6. See also
literature 16, 20, 22, 30, 34, 54–5, 64, 123, Christian; religion/religious
126–7, 133, 155–6, 206, 213–14 Arabs and 124, 215, 224
Maghrebi 34 Jews and 75–6
and social networks 85–8 migration of 124, 126
transcultural 3, 15, 127 Muslim Brotherhood 23, 72
locality 32, 34–6
longue durée 230 Nagel, Caroline R. 123, 133
narrate/narration/narratives 7, 16, 18,
Maastricht Treaty 60 n.7 22–3, 25, 33, 38, 64–5, 84, 89, 97,
Mahmood, Saba 57 191, 200, 205–6, 210, 214, 225
246
counternarratives 22
discursive 121, 125
historical 17–18, 20, 55
narrators 6, 45–6, 48–60, 64–5, 101,
107, 109–10
political 20, 23–4
re-narrate 3, 5, 13, 15
rescue 205, 208, 211–12
Nasser 23, 65, 68–9, 72, 74
national identity 7, 52–5, 77, 155, 189,
192, 194, 197
nationalism 4, 21, 63–4, 69–70, 72, 76,
78. See also post-national space;
transnationalism
National Museum of Iraq 107
nation-state model 29, 36, 192–3, 195
Nazi/Nazism 36, 70, 72, 76–7
neo-imperialism 19. See also imperialism
neoliberal/neoliberalism 21, 23, 57, 126,
235. See also liberalism
The Netherlands 52, 55
Neustein, David 116 n.33
9/11 attacks 18, 73, 114
Nochlin, Linda 105
nomadism 4, 37, 40, 65
non-Arab community 130, 133, 138, 176
normative/normativity 3, 16, 234
North Africa 4, 15, 45, 56, 58–9, 83, 139
Nowjs, Wdsolrk 19
Obama, Barack 208–9
on causality of drone program
209–10
Occident 105, 193
Omri, Mohamed Salah 92
“A Revolution of Dignity and Poetry”
84
online politics 84, 91. See also street
politics
Ordinary Egyptians: Creating the Modern
Nation through Popular Culture
(Fahmy) 70
Orientalism 20, 165
virtual 111–12
Ortiz, Fernando 30
Ouled Ahmed, Sghaier 5, 83–6, 89. See
also poetics/poetry, politicized
“A Last Letter to the Women of
Tunisia” 96
Index
Al-Qiyada al-Shi’riyya li al-Thawra
al- Tunusiyya: Yawmiyyat (The
Poetic Leadership of the Tunisian
Revolution: A Diary) 89
censorship and death 85–7
“A Free Speech to a Free People,”
excerpt from 91–2
“Ideology and Technology” 94–6
“The Lesson of Tunisia,” excerpt from
93
“Love of Country” 93, 96
“Maqam al Wuquf ” (Shrine for
Standing) 87
“The Mouse” 87
Muswaddat Watan (Draft of a
Homeland) 96
Nachid al-Ayyam al-Sitta (Song of the
Six Days) 87, 92, 96
poetic leadership 89
The Poetic Leadership 87, 91
“Qawsaqab” 96
and revolution (on Facebook) 85–6,
88–9, 92–4, 97
“Supplications” 94
“Tunisian All at Once or Never” 93–4
“Waiting for the Second Round” 86
“Women” 95
“Ya Sidi ‘Arfinik” (Sir, We Know You)
89–90
“Yawmiyyat” 91
Pahlavi, Reza Shah 232–3
Palestine 41, 77, 236
pan-Arabism 74, 122, 155, 187
parapublic sphere 225, 227
Peace of Westphalia of 1648 192
Persian Gulf War 102–3, 105
poetics/poetry, politicized 83–4, 87–8. See
also Ouled Ahmed, Sghaier
geo-poetics 97
and revolution 85, 88–9, 97
of virtual 89–94
political activism 17, 59, 84, 91, 97, 152
political change 15, 17, 23–4, 102, 180, 205
political climate 19–20, 24
political imagination 20–4
political resistance 77
political subjectivity 23, 35
political theory 1–2
 Index
populism 70–1, 139
post–Arab Spring 21–2, 151–2, 208, 215.
See also Arab Spring
postcolonial/post-colonialism 1, 4, 24,
34–5, 38, 41, 64, 208, 224, 226. See
also colonialism
post-national space 190, 192, 194–5, 197,
226
Pratt, Mary Louise, linguistics of contact
152
Prince, Mona 77
protest art. See art of protest
Qatar 224
Quest for Bush video game 104
Quest for Saddam video game 104
Qur’an 206
Qutb, Sayyid 206–7, 218 n.4
Rabaa massacre of August 2013 231
race/racial identity/racism 33, 40, 46, 76,
106, 164, 192, 232
Radakrishnan, R. 197
Rakha, Youssef, “In Extremis: Literature
and Revolution in Contemporary
Cairo” 20
Rampton, Ben 6, 152
rap music 84
reflexive individualism 23
refugees 16, 46, 54, 58, 74, 104, 106,
126
Arab 4
Syrian (see Syrian refugee in Jordon)
religion/religious 18, 71, 76–7, 94–6,
134–6, 176, 224, 227. See also
specific religion
representation 5, 7, 21, 24, 36, 111, 114,
152–4, 157–9, 164, 167, 186, 228
Republican-nationalism model 36
resistance 3–5, 8, 21–2, 41, 46, 73–4, 107,
178, 185, 207, 209–10, 212, 229,
235–6
cultural 17
poetics of 84
political 77
revolutionary art 17–20, 24. See also
counterrevolutionary
revolutionary slogan(s)
‘Helping power to collapse’ 91
247
of Houthis (see Houthis movement,
sarkha (scream) slogan)
“Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité” (French
Revolution) 228
“Neither East, Nor West, (but)
the Islamic Republic” (Iranian
Revolution) 228
“Nisau biladi/nisaun wa nisf”, feminist
95
“Peace! Land! Bread!” (Russian
Revolution) 228
“Revolution of shabab al-Facebook” (the
youth of Facebook) 83, 96
Reynolds, Bryan, theater of immediacy
207
Rifai, Raouf, White Flags 71
rock music 132
Rowe, John Carlos 19
Rumsfeld, Donald 235
Rushdie, Salman 85
Russia 53, 230
Said, Edward 64–5, 78, 165
contrapuntal reading 4, 64
filiation vs. affiliation 47–8
on Nasser 68
Orientalism 105, 111
on writers and intellectuals 88
Salafis/Salafist 95, 206
Saleh, Ali Abdullah 205, 209, 212
Sari, Osama 216
Satloff, Robert 74, 77
Among the Righteous 72–3
Saudi Arabia 196, 205–6, 223, 229
Scheler, Max 227
Schengen Zone borders 49, 55, 58
Second World War 36–7, 48, 56, 74
self-identification 21, 128–9, 139
Selvon, Sam, The Lonely Londoners 70
Shafak, Elif, “Storytelling, Fake Worlds,
and the Internet” 85
Shakespeare, William, The Tempest 86
Sharaf, Radwa Othman 18, 20, 24
Sheller, Max, Zur Phänomenologie und
Theorie der Sympathiegefühle und
von Liebe und Hass (The Nature of
Sympathy) 226
Singapore 193
skepticism 209, 215
248 Index

slogans. See revolutionary slogan(s) street politics 84, 92. See also online
Smith, Zadie 85–6 politics
social actors/actions 6, 154, 156–8 stylization 151–2, 154, 159–60
social bonds, family 47–8 Subay, Murad, Why did you kill my
social boundary 133–6, 152 family? campaign 211
social change 15, 17, 23, 102 subjectivation 1, 23
social cohesion 205 subjectivity/subjectivities 21, 23, 35, 123,
social contract 194, 196 226
social interaction (praxis) 194 Sufi/Sufism 71–2
social justice 23, 34 supranational entity 190, 192–5
social media 84, 90, 96, 127, 132–3, 151, survey/research
213. See also specific companies for Arab youth 127–8
usage by Arab youth 128 focus groups 5, 121, 127–8, 136
social networks 25, 83–4, 86, 90, 94, 96–7, Jordanian sample survey results,
233 analysis of 172–3, 185–6
literature and 85–8 on reading/watching MENA media
social theory 1–2 131–2
Soja, Edward 96, 225 on socioculture (Jordanians and
solidarity 1, 4, 16, 19, 52–3, 57, 63, 70, 78, Syrians) 168–70
84, 226, 231 Syria 50, 167, 170–1, 175, 182, 223,
Soliman, Laila 17 229–30
Sontag, Susan 76 Aleppo 51, 60 n.6
Soueif, Ahdaf 68 Syrian refugee in Jordon 6–7, 46, 55, 59,
South Asia 194, 197 124, 163–4, 167, 185, 187 n.2
Soviet Union 52, 54, 68–9 income and employment 183–4
space 19, 23, 35, 41, 49–52, 59–60, 91, influence in Jordon 174
96–7, 103, 107, 116 n.33, 125, 138, Jordanian-Syrian marriages 174–80
164, 190, 228–9 Jordanian description of 183
art 19, 225, 228 marriage customs 177, 183
colonial 32 sociocultural survey (Jordanians and
cultural 89, 122, 130, 134–5, 155, 197 Syrians) 168–70
digital 5, 106, 114 Syrian culture on Jordanian culture
interstitial 7–8, 224, 226–7, 230–3, 236 173–4, 186–7
liminal 17, 195, 201 n.5 Syrian presence in Jordan 171–2,
online/virtual 5, 83–5, 88, 91, 93, 97, 180–3
106, 111
public 1–2, 9, 17, 92, 117 n.45, 122, Tal el-Zaatar, siege of 60 n.5
182, 190, 193, 225–6 Taylor, Charles 193
revolutionary 20, 214 technology 48, 54, 83, 85–6, 192, 210
second 225–6 technological revolution 90
single 190, 195 vs. ideology 94–6
space-time 154 terrorism 105–6, 214. See also
technological 96, 106 counterterrorism
third 7, 164, 191, 194, 225–6 totalitarianism 13
transnational 7, 16, 93, 124, 189, 192 tourism 107–13
Spain 41 transculturality/transculturalism/
Staeheli, Lynn A. 123, 133 transculture 14–16, 29–31,
Standard Arabic (SA) 151, 153, 156–60 46, 51–2. See also culture;
street art 9, 17, 19 multiculturalism/multiculturality
 Index
affinity/affinitive relations 45–51
belonging 4, 15, 30, 32–3, 35–6, 40–1,
45–7
Bouraoui on 30, 35–41
and creaculture 35–7
territoriality 38–9
transcultural identity 1–5, 13–14, 16,
23–4
of Arab transnationals 128–9
development 124
formation 121–2, 125, 139
methodology 127–8
metissage 121, 123–31
transculturation 3, 5, 15, 122, 166
transethnicity 36
transnationalism 6–7, 76, 125, 189, 193–4,
198. See also nationalism; post-
national space
trans-sociality 1
Treaty on European Union 52, 60 n.7
Trump, Donald 22, 59, 209
Tuan, Yi Fu 93
Tunisia 84, 93, 223, 229
Caliban digerati 86
internet users of 85–6
Ouled Ahmed’s poetics on 93
state-policed media in 85
Tunisian Revolution 5, 83–4, 86–9,
91–3, 96
Turkey 193
Twitter 85, 213
Union citizenship in Article 8 52
United Arab Emirates (UAE) 190–2, 195.
See also Gulf Indians
Emiratis 195, 197–8, 206
foreign children born in 195
Indians/Indian diaspora in 192, 195–8
non-citizens in 195
The United Kingdom 55, 58, 205
United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR) 171
249
The United States 18, 21–2, 33–4, 41, 45,
101, 103, 125, 205, 207, 214, 216,
236
drone program in Yemen 208–12
“war on terror” campaign 206, 208,
211–12, 214–15
uprising of Arab. See Arab Spring
urban 8, 19, 23, 50, 60, 65, 71, 170, 226,
228
van Leeuwen, Fairclough 6, 152, 154, 157
Versteegh, Kees 155
violence 8, 16, 19, 23, 38, 57, 74, 111, 206,
218, 224. See also art of protest
colonial 33, 36, 56
and digital games 104–5
undressing 233
virtual Orientalism 111–12
virtual space of social media 5, 83, 89–94
visual art 5, 17, 105
Vora, Neha 196–7
Wald, Kenneth 125–6
Western culture 122, 133–4, 137, 193
Western music 65, 132
Wright, Lawrence 206
xenophobia 186, 194
Yad Vashem Museum, Israel 77
Yemen/Yemeni 205–8, 213, 215–16,
223–4, 230
counterrevolutionary mobilization in
224
“No for Government that Grants Entry
to American Marines” rally 216–17
sovereignty 206, 208–10, 212, 214
US drone strikes in 208–12
YouTube 18, 131–2
Zahnd, Elizabeth A. 18–19
Zuckerberg, Mark 85–6. See also Facebook
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