+Content knowledge refers to the body of knowledge –facts, theories, principles, ideas,

vocabulary– which teachers must master to be effective. Teachers should have a deep
understanding of the subject they teach.
If the teacher lacks a solid understanding of what he or she is going to teach, it will be
impossible to meet the standards of the instruction. So, teachers need to assimilate the
content of the instruction or the subject in order to transfer knowledge to the students
effectively and in a meaningful way.
Better content knowledge of teachers → Higher student achievement
Pedagogical knowledge refers to the specialized knowledge of teachers for creating effective
teaching and learning environments for all students. Meaning teachers know how to teach
and facilitate learning effectively.
It is important for teachers to know their learners' preferred learning styles because this
knowledge will help teachers to plan their lessons to match or adapt their teaching and to
provide the most appropriate and meaningful activities or tasks to suit a particular learner
group at different stages. (what they know about teaching)
This means teachers abilities to teach to relate to the content using different approaches best suited
for students’ preferred learning styles.

Technological Knowledge An understanding of how technology tools, resources and devices fit
into the process of teaching and learning.
Especially now in our generation, technology is widely used in teaching the curriculum. It is
very important for teachers to have knowledge of how to use technology, especially when
incorporating technology into the teaching and learning process, because technology can help
teachers facilitate an easier, more productive learning experience.
Pedagogical content knowledge also is known as craft knowledge. It comprises integrated
knowledge representing teachers' accumulated wisdom with respect to their teaching
practice: pedagogy, students, subject matter, and the curriculum.
Technological content knowledge (TCK), refers to teachers' understanding of how using a
specific technology can change the way learners understand and practice concepts in a
specific content area.
Teachers need to understand which specific technologies are best suited for addressing
subject-matter learning in their domains and how the content dictates or perhaps even
changes the technology.
Application of technology in the content can help deepen the understanding of the students
and facilitate an easier and more productive learning experience.