I. Choose the answer at most fitted (20 points).

1) Which one is miss-defined, when we say that, the value chain approach should follow an

optimal push-pull mechanism?

A. With a push based value chain, products are pushed through the channel, from the

production side up to the retailer.

B. In a pull based value chain, procurement, production and distribution are demand

driven rather than to forecast.

C. In a pull based value chain, procurement, production and distribution are producer

driven rather than demand driven.

D. Under specific circumstances, depending on the type of product and available

seasons, an optimal push-pull combination is used.

2) Which of the following value chain actor plays a role in directly deal with the products?

A. Value chain supporters

B. Value chain influencers

C. Value chain main actors

D. Value chain financial services

3) ---------------is the receiving and extracting of raw materials or products from a supplier to a

warehouse or to the next chain?

A. Outbound logistics

B. Operations

C. Inbound logistics

D. Marketing and sales

E. None
4) Who, and when is possible to say, there is a lead firm in the value chain?

A. Government and international organisations, and when they regulate product design and

process.

B. Agents external to the chain, and when they set product and process parameters

C. Buyers, and when they specify precisely how particular standards should be attained

D. Financial institutions, and when they fund to the value chain actors

5) Which one is different from others?

A. Human resource management

B. Procurement

C. Service

D. Technology development (including R&D)

6) Why does value chain governance matter?

A. Leverage points for policy initiatives

B. Distribution of gains

C. Provide market access to small growers or producers in developing countries

D. Fast track to acquisition of production capabilities & funnel for technical assistance

E. All of the above

7) -----------Governance includes negotiations and/or specifications of prices, product quality,

delivery time and other transaction attributes linking the business partners?

A. Executive governance

B. Richness or depth of governance

C. Legislative governance

D. Reach or pervasiveness of governance

8) Which one of the following element is not under the dynamic factors of the value chain?

A. Inter-firm cooperation

B. End market opportunities

C. Power exercise

D. Upgrading

9) The primary purpose of value chain analysis, however, is to understand the reasons for

inefficiencies in the chain

A. True

B. The reverse of “A”

C. Untrue

D. False

10) One is not the factor to optimize inbound and outbound logistics of the value chain?

A. By building a strong relationship between chains

B. By reducing the inventory costs of the chain

C. By threating the whole chain in order to keep the benefits of few

D. By utilizing the right warehouse management system

II. Elaborate the following concepts based own your view and understanding (10

points)

1. Clearly define, what value chain means? (2 point)

2. What is the concept behind outsourcing? (2 point)

3. What do you perceive when you hear the concept value addition? (2 point)

4. Select one agricultural commodity and perform a value chain analysis through the

interlinked steps, from data collection up to vetting of findings? (4 point)