PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I work Do I work? I don’t work
You work Do you work ? You don’t work
He/She/It works Does he/she/it work? He/She/It doesn’t work
We work Do we work? We don’t work
You work Do you work? You don’t work
They work Do they work? They don’t work
Meaning
A – an habitual action
B – a characteristic or fact about someone or something
C – verbs which cannot normally be used in the continuous, eg . : to belong, to like, to
understand
PRESENT TENSE CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I am working Am I working? I am not working
You are working Are you working? You are not working
He/She/It is working Is he/she/it working? He/She/It is not working
We are working Are we working? We are not working
You are working Are you working? You are not working
They are working Are they working? They are not working
Meaning
A – an action which is taking place at the moment of speaking
B – an arranged future
PAST TENSE SIMPLE
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I worked Did I work? I didn’t work
You worked Did you work? You didn’t work
He/She/It worked Did he/she/it work? He/She/It didn’t work
We worked Did we work? We didn’t work
You worked Did you work? You didn’t work
They worked Did they work? They didn’t work
Meaning
A – an action completed in the past at a specific time (stated or understood )
PAST TENSE CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I was working Was I working? I wasn’t working
You were working Were you working? You weren’t working
He/She/It was working Was he/she/it working? He/She/It wasn’t working
We were working Were we working? We weren’t working

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You were working Were you working? You weren’t working
They were working Were they working? They weren’t working
Meaning
A – an action which was in progress when another action ocurred ( second
action is expressed in the past simple )
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I have worked Have I work? I haven’t work
You have worked Have you work? You haven’t work
He/She/It has worked Has he/she/it work? He/She/It hasn’t work
We have worked Have we work? We haven’t work
You have worked Have you work? You haven’t work
They have worked Have they work? They haven’t work
Meaning
A – an action which occurred at an unspecified time in the past
B – an action which occurred in the past but the result of which is evident in
the present – often a recent past action
C – a state or activity starting in the past which still pertains to the present
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I have been working Have I been working? I haven’t been working
You have been working Have you been working? You haven’t been working
He/She/It has been working Has he/she/it been working? He/She/It hasn’t been working
We have been working Have we been working We haven’t been working
You have been working Have you been working? You haven’t been working
They have been working Have they been working? They haven’t been working
Meaning
A – an activity (usually temporary) which started in the past and continues up
to the present
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I had worked Had I work ? I hadn’t work
You had worked Had you work? You hadn’t work
He/She/It had worked Had he/she/it work? He/She/It hadn’t work
We had worked Had we work? We hadn’t work
You had worked Had you work? You hadn’t work
They had worked Had they work? They hadn’t work
Meaning
A – the earlier of two actions which occurred in the past , the second of which is
the simple past

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 Used either:
a) when there is ambiguity over which action occurred first
or
b) when the first action refers to a time period earlier than that of the main
narrative
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I had been working Had I been working? I hadn’t been working
You had been working Had you been working? You hadn’t been working
He/She/It had been working Had he/she/it been working? He/She/It hadn’t been working
We had been working Had we been working? We hadn’t been working
You had been working Had you been working? You hadn’t been working
They had been working Had they been working? They hadn’t been working
Meaning
A – an action which was in progress for a period of time before another
action ( in the simple past ) occurred.
FUTURE SIMPLE ( with will )
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I shall/will work Shall/Will I work? I shan’t/won’t work
You shall/will work Shall/Will you work? You shan’t/won’t work
He/She/It shall/will work Shall/Will he/she/it work? He/She/It shan’t/won’t work
We shall/will work Shall/Will we work? We shan’t/won’t work
You shall/will work Shall/Will you work? You shan’t/won’t work
They shall/will work Shall/Will they work? They shan’t/won’t work
Meaning
A – a spontaneous decision taken at the moment of speaking. Can be a
promise, offer, threat etc
B – prediction about the future events often preceded by verbs such as
hope, expect, suppose etc.
FUTURE SIMPLE ( with going to )

Affirmative Interrogative Negative

I am going to work Am I going to work? I am not going to work
You are going to work Are you going to work? You are not going to work
He/She/It is going to work Is he/she/it going to work? He/She/It is not going to work
We are going to work Are we going to work? We are not going to work
You are going to work Are you going to work? You are not going to work
They are going to work Are they going to work? They are not going to work
Meaning
A – used to talk about intention or plans which have bee3n decided before
the moment of speaking

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B – statement about future events where there is some present evidence for
the event happening.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I shall be working Shall I be working? I shall not be working
You shall be working Shall you be working? You shall not be working
He/She/It shall be working Shall he/she/it be working? He/She/It shall not be working
We shall be working Shall we be working? We shall not be working
You shall be working Shall you be working? You shall not be working
They shall be working Shall they be working? They shall not be working
Meaning
A – an action in progress at a definite time in the future
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I shall have worked Shall I have work? I shall not have work
You shall have worked Shall you have work? You shall not have work
He/She/It shall has worked Shall he/she/it has worked? He/She/It shall not has work
We shall have worked Shall we have work? We shall not have work
You shall have work Shall you have work? You shall not have work
They shall have work Shall they have work? They shall not have work
Meaning
A – an action which is seen to be in the past from a point of time in the
future
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I shall have been working Shall I have been working? I shall not have been working
You shall have been working Shall you have been working? You shall not have been
working
He/She/It shall has been working Shall he/she/it has been working? He/She/It
shall not has been
working
We shall have been working Shall we have been working? We shall not have
been working
You shall have been working Shall you have been working? You shall not have
been working
They shall have been working Shall they have been working? They shall not have
been working

Meaning
A – an action which is seen as a starting point in the past and being in
progress from a point of time in the future