Tips to take into account.

● Respect the amount of words.

● Respect the type of writing or genre.APPENDIX 3
Article
Report
Review
Story
Letter
Essay

● Read the task adequately.

● Is it an open ended task or input based task( notes, facts)

WHAT IS EVALUATED IN A PIECE OF WRITING?

● Task achievement/ communicative purpose. Use language that is appropriate to the

relationship between the reader and the writer.
● Cover all the required points.( Input based task)
● Original output: use your own words and ideas.
● Range and control of structures. APPENDIX 1
● Organization and cohesion, the structure in a text. Each paragraph should have a topic
sentences which is develop in the same paragraph. You should include connectors to
organize your ideas.
● Presentation (HEADLINES, GREETINGS, ETC) and register. APPENDIX 2

APPENDIX 1
Range and Control of structures.
Grammar and vocabulary

There are actually four different kinds of sentence – simple, compound, complex and complex-compound.

This is a simple sentence with a subject/verb/object. The boy kicked the ball.

A compound sentence is two simple sentences (independent clauses) joined together with a conjunction
like and or but. The boy kicked the ball and the girl caught it.

A complex sentence has multiple bits of information. It contains an independent clause (a complete
sentence) and a dependent clause (an incomplete sentence). These clauses can appear in any order.
I own a beautiful dog and a cat too.
We use words such as although, when which, that, because, after, where to form complex sentences.
Although I love pasta, I don’t eat it because it’s fattening. I left hospital after having major
surgery.

A complex-compound contains two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
I burned dinner because I was watching TV, but not the cake, which was ok to eat.

The simplest way to transform simple sentences into more complex ones is to ask yourself Wh? questions
and add that information to the sentence.

These days everyone has a mobile phone. -> Who? What? Why?

These days people of all ages love mobile phones, especially smartphones, because you can use them in so
many ways.

In the exam, you should be aware of the kinds of sentences you are forming. If there is a good mix of long
and short sentences in your essay, you’ll most likely meet the grammar requirements.

Tenses and other grammatical structures:

It is also important that you show that you can use a range of tenses appropriately. You should consider
the timeframe – when is it happening – and use appropriate tenses. Are you describing something that
happened in the past, is it happening in the present or are you predicting the future? There are a variety
of past, present and future tenses you can use. Sometimes, you will need to use a combination of
them.Other grammatical structures you could demonstrate your knowledge of include:

● Comparatives
● Conditionals (‘if’ clauses)
● Modal verbs (can/could/may/might/will/would/must/shall/should/ought to)
● Passive voice (The house was built in 1985.)
Also, be aware of how punctuation can change the meaning of a sentence and try to use it correctly.
Consider these two examples:

“Let’s eat, Grandma!” – someone is suggesting to Grandma that they share a meal together

“Let’s eat Grandma!” – someone is suggesting that they eat Grandma

Preparing for the exam:

 ● Study your grammar
● Study functional language too, such as giving opinions, giving examples, contrasting
views, evaluating someone else’s opinion, cause and effect, hypothetical situations
● Practise turning simple sentences into complex sentences
● Look/listen for grammatical clues when reading or listening that will guide your
response
During the exam:

Remember to leave time in the Writing test to review your work. When you are reading through what
you have written, you can change words, add synonyms and add more information to make complex
sentences.

At this stage, you should be checking the following:

● the correct use of articles – a/an/the

● countable and uncountable nouns – some, any, etc
● common verb errors like do, did and 3rd person ‘s’
● the right tenses for specific contexts
● Is your punctuation correct?
APPENDIX

2
 APPENDIX 3

Types of writing or Genres

Once you have finished your writing take time to Check