Online Examination System for Makeen Institute

by
Samiullah
Suliman
Hayatullah
Jalaludin

A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelors in Computer Science

Examination Committee: Mr. Samiullah Hassan (Chairperson)

Mr. Nasim Jan Taniwal
Mr. Nasratullah Nasrat

Shaikh Zayed University

Computer Science Faculty
Information Technology Department
December 2022

I
 Approval Sheet

This report here to entitled:

Makeen Institute Online Examination System

prepared and submitted by Samiullah, Suliman, Hayatullah, and Jalaludin in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Computer Science has been
examined and recommended for acceptance and approval for the oral examination.

Mr. Samiullah Hassan

Adviser

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _______________ on

____________________________.

Nasim Jan Taniwal

Co Adviser

Nasratullah Nasrat
Co Adviser

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of
Computer Science.

Mohmmad Dawood Babakerkhail

Head of Information Technology Department

Najib Ullah Sadaat

Dean, Computer Science

ii
 STUDENT’S DECLARATION

The Project entitled “Makeen Institute Online Examination System “is conducted under
the supervision of Mr. Samiullah Hassan, lecturer in the Information Technology
department, Computer science Faculty, Shaikh Zayed University.
We declare that the information reported in this Project report is the result of our work,
except where reference is made. This work has not been accepted for any degree and is not
concurrently submitted to any candidature for any other degree or diploma.

Samiullah ( )

Suliman ( )

Hayatullah ( )

Jalaludin ( )

Date: 12/8/2022

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
In the name of Allah, the most kind and most merciful. We are grateful to the almighty Allah
who provides all the resources of every kind to us, so that we make their proper use for the
benefit of mankind. May he keep providing us with all the resources, and the guidance to
keep helping the Humanity. We would like to thank my family and friends who kept backing
us in all the times, both financially and morally…
We would also like to thank my dear lecturers specially Mr. Samiullah Hassan, Mr. Nasim
Jan Taniwal and Mr. Nasratullah Nasrat for their guidance and encouraging us to work hard
and smart. We have found them very helpful while discussing the software functional
requirements in this software project report work. Their critical comments on my work have
certainly made me think of new ideas and techniques in the fields of software functional
requirement and software non-functional requirements.

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

Title Page I

Acknowledgments Ii

Table of Contents Iii

List of Tables Iv

List of Figures V

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Statement of the problem 2

1.3 Objectives of the Project 2

1.3.1 Overall Objective 2
1.3.2 Specific Objectives 3

1.4 Scope 3

2 Literature Review 4

2.1 Information 4

2.2 Summary 7

3 Methodology 8

3.1 What is a Methodology? 8

3.2 Why Use Methodology? 8
3.3 Data Collection 9
3.3.1 Direct Data Collection 9

v
 TABLE OF CONTENT (Cont’d)

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

3 3.3.2 Indirect Data Collection 10

3.3.3 How was it analyzed? 10
3.3.4 System study 10
3.3.5 Existing system evaluation 10
3.3.6 System analysis 11
3.3.6.1 User requirements 11
3.3.6.2 Functional requirements 11
3.3.6.3 Non-functional requirement 13
3.4 Feasibility Study 15
3.4.1 Technical feasibility 16
3.4.2 Economic Feasibility 18
3.4.3 Operational Feasibility 19

3.5 Conceptual Design

19
3.6 System Design
20
3.6.1 ER Diagram
20
3.6.1.1 What is ER Diagram?
21
3.6.1.2 History of ER diagrams
21
3.6.1.3 Why use ER Diagrams?
21
3.6.1.4 Facts about ER Diagram Model
22
3.6.1.5 ER diagram for the proposed system
23
3.7 Use Case Diagram
23
3.8 Incremental Software Development Process Model
24
3.8.1 Analysis
24
3.8.2 Design
25
3.8.3 Code
25

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENT (Cont’d)

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

3 3.8.4 Test 25
3.9 Technologies used 25
3.9.1 My SQL 25
3.9.1 PHP 26
3.9.1 HTM 26
3.9.1 CSS 26
3.9.1 Java Script 26
3.9.1 Bootstrap 27
3.9.1 XAMP 27

4 Results and Discussion 28

4.1 Admin Login Form 28

4.2 Admin Home Page 28

29
4.3 Course Information Form
30
4.4 Course Information Report
30
4.5 Teacher Registration Form 31
4.6 Teacher Information Report 31

4.7 Taken Exam Report 31

32
4.8 Teacher Login Form
32
4.9 Teacher Home Page
32
4.10 Exam Form 33

4.11 Exam Report 33

34
4.12 Student Registration Form
35
4.13 Student Information Report
35

vii
 (Cont’d
TABLE OF CONTENTS )
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

35
4 4.14 Student Result Report
36
4.15 Student Feedback Report
36
4.16 Student Login Form
37
4.17 Student Home page 37
4.18 Student Exam Page 38

4.19 Student Result Page 38

4.20 Student Feedback Form 38

5 Conclusion and Recommendations 40

5.1 Conclusion 40
5.2 Future Work 41
5.1.1 Idea 1? 41

6 References 42

7 Appendixes 44
Appendix 1: Pictures 45
Appendix 2: Questionnaire 45
Appendix 3: Extra code 47

viii
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

3.1 Makeen Institute Online Examination system ERD 23

3.2 Makeen Institute Online Examination System Use Case Diagram 24
3.3 Incremental Model 25
4.1 Admin Login Form 29
4.2 Admin Home Page 30
4.3 Course Information Form 30
4.4 Course Information Report 31
4.5 Teacher Registration Form 31
4.6 Teacher Information Report 32
4.7 Taken Exam Report 32
4.8 Taken Exam Report 32
4.9 Teacher Login Form 33
4.10 Teacher Home Page 34
4.11 Exam Form 34
4.12 Exam Report 35
4.13 Exam Report 35
4.14 Student Registration Form 36
4.15 Student Information Report 36
4.16 Student Result Report 37
4.17 Student Feedback Report 37
4.18 Student Login Form 38
4.19 Student Home page 38
4.20 Student Exam Page 39
4.21 Student Result Page 39
4.22 Student Feedback Form 40
5.1 Makeen Institute 45

ix
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

3.1 Hardware Requirement 15

3.2 Required resources for a multi-user environment 15

3.3 Software Requirement 16

3.4 Entity and their attributes 20

7.1 Question related to admin 45

7.2 Question related to teacher 45
7.3 Question related to student 46

x
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
SZU Shaikh Zayed University
IT Information Technology
OES Online Examination System
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
CSS Cascading Style Sheet
JQuery Java Scrip Query
ERD Entity Relationship Diagram
MD5 Message Digest 5
CEO Chief Executive Officer

xi
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
This Online Examination System is a software solution, which allows institute to arrange,
conduct and manage examinations via an online environment. It can be done through the
Internet/Intranet and/ Local Area Network environments. Some of the problems faced during
manual examination systems are the delays occurred in result processing, filing poses a
problem, filtering of records is difficult. The chance of loss of records is high also record
searching is difficult. Maintenance of the system is also very difficult and takes lot of time
and effort. Online examination is one of the crucial parts for online education system. It is
efficient, fast enough and reduces the large amount of material resource. An examination
system is developed based on the web. This paper describes the principle of the system,
presents the main functions of the system, analyzes the auto-generating test paper algorithm,
and discusses the security of the system.
This system developed to manage and organize the result of student exams, teachers can
search for student marks or result, the system rank the student marks automatically.
Makin institute is one educational institute that is located in the center of logar province
Afghanistan that is managed by Mr Muhammad Dwood Hashimi which who also lecturer in
mentioned institute.
This institute provide higher education in the field of Computer Science, Nursing, and
Economics.

1
1.2 Statement of the Problems
The following issues or problems facing the Makeen Institute with main challenges:
• Results are not accurate: - The calculations are done manually and may there be
human errors and when number of student increased the also will be difficult to
calculate the marks of student properly.
• Time consuming: - When number of students increases Checking of result is time
consuming since it done manually.
• Generation of accurate and prompt reports: - It is difficult to prepare an accurate
report of student marks.
• Lack of immediate retrievals: - It is very difficult to retrieve the student information.
• Lack of prompt updating: - Various changes to information like student’s information
are difficult to make as paperwork is involved.
• There is no ease to rank the student.
• A lots of paper needlessly wasted
For solving the above issues and problems we developed a new application and system for
Makeen institute.

1.3 Objectives of the Project

1.3.1 Overall objective
 The objective of online examination system for Makeen institute is to allow the
administrator of institute to edit and find out the personal details of a lecturer. it’ll
also facilitate keeping all the records of lecturer, such as their id, name, mailing
address, phone number, and see all taken exam in form of report also the result of
taken exam will automatically grade. Lecturers can add exam, add the student to give
exam, see the result of the students also set timer for exam duration. Students can
give exam when the lecturer enroll them, the exam will have specific duration a timer
will set and the student as completed the exam automatically the result will be
displayed.
 To access the Makeen Institute Online Examination System online.
 This system provides access to lecturers and students.

2
1.3.2 Specific objectives
 To design and develop a Standard examination system of the Makeen institute.
 To manage the information of student and lecturer.
 To generate the result report of examinations of students.

1.4 Scope
• The Makeen institute online examination system will be accessible to its users inside
the local network of the institute mean the administrator, lecturer and student can
only access the system inside the institute.
• Every section’s users will have limited rights to access and manipulate the proposed
system.
• The Admin or CEO of the Institute will have full rights.

3
 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Information
Author focuses his research on online testing in terms of the challenges that may be
encountered. Among the challenges mentioned was the problem of identifying students who
use the system as well as security risks, skills in answering different questions among
students, problems in maintenance and evaluation. (Luecht, 2001)

The Research paper described the OES (Online Examination System) that had the following
features. (OES) Online Examination System is the crucial parts among online education. It
is efficient and fast enough and reduces the large amount of material resources. Examination
system is developed based on web. This paper describes the principle of the designed system,
that presents the main functions of the system, analyzes the algorithm of auto- generating
test paper and discusses the security of the system that all users of the system must have only
access to their system by own username and password. (Nie, 2009)

In this research paper shows The term "online examination system" refers to an internet
assessment system that allows students to take exams online. Using a computer system,
either over the internet or an intranet. (K. T. Askarali, 2021)

A study show the comparing of online examinations and manual exams found that online
exams produce efficient outcomes than conventional tests. Until now, the entire process of
administering our exam and evaluating their results was carried out physically. When the
product was not yet available, handling the test paper, that is, checking and disseminating
distinct scores, took a lot of effort and time. The current system is highly time consuming.
Examining the exam physically is really inconvenient. (J. Anstine and M. Skid more, 2005)
A survey of the literature showed research and studies on the use of various technologies in
college and high school courses. "The internet has opened numerous ways for classroom
learning, but it may also be issue to teaching.”. The new technologies offer potential to
increase learning and create an environment that is more fascinating and encouraging. an

4
online exam is one in which questions are answered, kept, and frequently graded on
computers. (Teixeira, 2013)

Author described that an online exam is one in which questions are answered, kept, and
frequently graded on computers. The following are the keys to passing an online exam that
Hay discovered: Do not use any software other than that which is required for the exam.
(Hay, 2002)
1. Attempting to utilize other programs might often cause the exam software to
malfunction, compromising your answers.
2. Even if you have accomplished your test and are about to leave, you should not use
the pc for anything except the assessment.

Authors shows Novel Solution Based on Face Recognition to Address Identity Theft and
Cheating in OES, here camera identifies the facial features and transmits the signal to the
server where scanned features are matched with stored identity. In the examination, the
second video is taken by the camera. The images in the video are compared to verify the
student if they were looking somewhere else other than his/her screen then a warning is
showed on the background. There is a possibility of cheating because the student will Change
the tab and by using the browser or other data saved in the computer they copy all data.
(Ayham Fay youmi, 2014)

A study on e-learning in courses at the University of Perugia, known as e-stadium. The

study consisted of two stages, through student’s application for online tests or tests that are
made directly to students. The study took two years with four semester examinations to
graduate students in computer science. Their study focused on the effectiveness of the
system used to students. (Jasso, 2008)

A study about an online examination system that can be administered manually or

automatically by lecturers. Lecturers can send questions via the web and students will
answer and send their answers online via the Internet. By using this online examination
system, grading process can be done automatically. Researcher has conducted a survey

5
about the form and type of examination questions that will be included in the online
examination system. (Ria Mae, 2013)

A study described some feature of Online Examination System Using Voice Recognition
System, in this system, the answer is in the form of voice and some predefine APIs are used
will converts these answers into strings and that answers will check by the message Digester
(MD5) algorithm and calculates the results depending on that probabilities. Here students
will search the answer according to the question on the phone or computer and answer it
quickly. So cheating is possible there, and mostly some students are unable to tell the answer
to the rapidly asked question. (Harshal Arbat, 2017)

This research paper reviewed the Implementation of pHash algorithm for face recognition in
the secured remote online examination system, here pHash, Perceptual hash functions, Face
recognition techniques, Cryptographic hashing, identity infringement, Secure online
examination, DCT, Perceptual hash algorithms are used. During the examination camera
take the snapshot of examinee that verifies the examinee picture by comparing his image at
exam time with his image at registration time, there are perceptual hash functions that are
usually used to perform image verification. For all the processes the presence of examinee
in necessary in the exam center. ( Zeba Khanam M. N, 2018).

Automated Online Exam Proctoring, their Online exam proctoring (OEP), user verification,
gaze estimation, phone detection, text detection, speech detection, covariance feature is used,
there are two cameras is used the first camera is placed above or integrated with the monitor
facing the test taker. The additional camera can be worn or attached to eyeglasses. In this
system, a human proctor watching is necessary through a webcam from a remote location
and another is the requirement of two cameras and other extra hardware which increase the
cost of assembling. (Yousef Atoum, 2017)

6
2.2 Summary
Considering the case studies mentioned in the above research papers, we found some main
issues:
 One of the significant impediments of an online assessment framework is cheating,
the student can open other sites and see data stored on computer.
 Another problem of online examinations is learner access to technology, including
computers, tablets, and a stable internet connection.

7
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

This chapter gives a brief description of the methodology used to develop the proposed
system. The main methodology involves feasibility study, data collection, data analysis,
design, development, and implementation Makeen institute online examination system. the
data considered necessary to build the system were collected and analyzed. The methodology
is very important to ensure that the new system would give benefits to the proposed system.

3.1 What is a Methodology?

Software engineering is carried out by using preferred procedure techniques to progress the
quality of a software development effort. A methodology is defined as a collection of
procedures, techniques, tools, and documentation aids that will help developers in their
efforts (both product and process-related activities) to implement a new system. For
successful implementation, a well-organized and systematic approach is crucial. Therefore,
several methodologies were developed to encourage the systematic approach to planning,
analysis, design, testing, and implementation. Methodologies offer various tools and
techniques to assist in analysis, design, and testing in terms of the detailed design of
software, data flowcharts, and database design.

3.2 Why Methodology?

To complete a project within time and budget with the expected scope and quality we need
methodologies that provide a framework.
Most methodologies have general planning, developing, and managing stages in common.
They suggest to the development team the ways of thinking, learning, and arriving at a
regular feasible solution.
To select an ideal methodology based on project requirements and goals.

 Functional Decomposition: The methodology should have stages according to the

interrelated activities which can be grouped into different functional areas.

8
  Requirement Changes: If required, the methodology provides scope to change the
requirement.
 Manage Risks: Determining the risk is an important activity to develop a project.
 Iterative approach: Iteration allows refinement of requirements as well as design.
 Documentation: Methodology provides support for large documentation.
 Analysis and Design Support: A well-defined structure of the methodology helps for
the analysis and designing of the development process.
 Implementation: The system should be implemented as per plan.
 Testing Support: More testing, the more reliable the product is.
Object-Oriented Approach: Object-oriented concepts will be used in developing the
project as it supports component reusability.

3.3 Data Collection:

To find out the exact requirements of the customer data collection is required to be
performed.
Data collection can be performed in two ways directly and indirectly. Indirect data
collection we visit the customer nearly and collect the requirements/data by having a closed
or open interview with him/her and by observing the customer cite. In indirect data
collection, we do not visit the customer nearly instead we collect the data/requirements from
the customer using telephone, messenger, video conference, skype, and other
communicational tools.
Data in the data collection process is divided into two types: primary data and secondary
data.
Primary data: is the type of data that is collected via, field observation, and interview.
Secondary data: is the type of data that is collected from textbooks, papers, reports, and
sites. The data collection tools and techniques that were used are as follows:

3.3.1 Direct Data Collection:

One of the effective methods of direct data collection is the interview.
an interview is a powerful tool for data gathering since it allows the interviewer to probe
and clarify several issues.

9
First of all, we went to Makeen Institute Office to discuss the current problems and
challenges with administrative staff through an interview that the Makeen Institute was
facing and to collect the required data for the development of the proposed system.
the required data included lecturer information, student information, available faculty
information, and ask, how they take exams, how the results of those exams were stored and
many more data were collected.
The data collected would help identify attributes, relationships, and entities/objects that
describe, relate, and interact with the system.

3.3.2 Indirect Data Collection:

We gathered and collected some sort of data/information regarding the institute through
telephone and WhatsApp Messenger because of the lack of face-to-face communication and
far distance.

3.3.3 How was it analyzed?

This section describes how the collected data were analyzed. The collected data were
analyzed into the system study, analysis, design, strengths and weaknesses of the current
system, entity-relationship diagrams, technologies used, system implementation, testing,
and system maintenance.

3.3.4 System study

The study was carried out at the current paper based examination system, the main purpose
of the study was to find out the processes of how students give exam, how view the result,
type of question in exams and we know the main stakeholder of the system to design
interface for them.

3.3.5 Existing system evaluation

It should be noted that at Makeen Institute we were able to analyze the existing system as
discussed below.

10
The current system was more manual where exam was based on paper, also the calculation
of paper was very difficult and more time consuming, data is written on different papers and
transferred to the different registers, human errors were vulnerable since it was paper-based
and retrieval of files was time-consuming as they had to manually locate files some of which
were even lost and thus finding such information was hard. Most of the users were not
contented with the system reason that it was not secure in terms of security and storage as
it was prone to damages like loss of important information, worn-out papers, the outbreak
of fire, and so on. the users recommended that the proposed system should be user friendly,
multipurpose enough to handle several tasks at once, student can feedback when the request
is submitted and use of passwords which could deny access to unauthorized users of the
system which ensured security. Context diagrams, data flow diagrams, and entity-
relationship diagrams (ERDs) were used in the analysis and design of the system.

3.3.6 System analysis

During the system study phase, requirements of DBMS were categorized into user
requirements, system and hardware requirements
.
3.3.6.1 User requirement
During data collection, we investigated and found out how the current manual system
operates, not only that but also tried out which problems are faced and how best they can be
settled. the users described some of the basic requirements of the system which they
expected from the system this includes the automatically generate mark of the student as
they complete the exam, a complete report generation of the result of taken exam to
administrator, easy to access information, and automatically grid the marks of the students.

3.3.6.2 Functional requirements

The functional requirements for a system describe what the system should do. These
requirements depend on the type of software being developed, the expected users of the
software, and the general approach taken by the organization when writing requirements.
When expressed as user requirements, functional requirements are usually described in an
abstract way that can be understood by system users. However, more specific functional

11
system requirements describe the system functions, its inputs, and outputs, exceptions, etc.,
in detail.
There are a lot of software requirements specifications included in the functional
requirements of the Makeen Institute Online Examination System, which contains various
processes, namely Registration, Check out, Report Generation, and Database.
Registration Process of SRS (Software Requirements Specification)
Adding lecturer: The Online Examination System enables the admin at the front desk to
include new lecturer in the system.
Assigning an ID to the lecturer: The OES enables the staff at the front desk to provide a
unique ID for each lecturer and then add them to the record sheet of the lecturer.

Adding student: The Online Examination System enables the lecturer at the front desk to
include new student in the system.

Assigning an ID to the lecturer: The OES enables the lecturer at the front desk to provide a
unique ID for each student and then add them to the record sheet of the student.

Check Out of SRS:

• Deleting lecturer ID: THE Officer’s in the administration section of the institute can
delete the lecturer id from the system.
• Deleting student ID: The lecture of the institute can delete the student id from the
system
• Report Generation of SRS:
• Information of the lecture: Online Examination System generates a report on every
lecturer regarding various information like the lecturer's name, Phone number, the
address, student information like student’s name, faculty, email address, student’s
marks student’s feedbacks and more.

Database of SRS:
• Mandatory lecturers Information: Every lecturer has some necessary data like phone
number, their first and father name, email address, lecturer's ID number, etc.

12
 • Updating information of the lecturers: the lecturer information management system
enables users to update the information of the lecturer as described in the mandatory
information included.
• Mandatory students Information: Every student has some necessary data r, their first
and father name, email address, student's ID number, etc.

• Updating information of the students: The Online Examination System enables users
to update the information of the student as described in the mandatory information
included.

3.3.6.3 Non-functional requirement

The system must verify and validate all user input and users must be notified in case of
errors detected in the course of using the system,
There are a lot of software requirements specifications included in the non-functional
requirements of the Online Examination System, which contains various processes, namely
Security, Performance, Maintainability, and Reliability.
Security
• Lecturers and student’s identification: The system needs the lecturers and students
to recognize herself or himself using his/her email and password.
• Modifications: Any modifications like insert, delete, update, etc. for the system can
be synchronized quickly and executed only by the users who have those rights.
• Front Desk Staff Rights: The staff at the front desk can like lecturer can view any
data of students in the Online Examination System, and add new Students record to
the system but they don't have any rights to add new lecturer and see secrete
information of other lectures like email and password.
• Administrator rights: the administrator of the system can view information of
lecturers and alter it and information of students like report of student’s marks.
Performance
• Response Time: The system provides acknowledgment in just one second.
• Capacity: The system will support many users simultaneously.
• User-Interface: The user interface acknowledges within five seconds.

13
Maintainability
• Back-Up: The system offers the efficiency for data backup.
• Errors: The system will track every mistake.

Reliability
• Availability: The system is available to its users inside local network of institute all
the time.

System Requirement
This section describes the hardware components and software requirements needed for the
effective and efficient running of the system

Table 3.1: Hardware Requirement

Processor Intel® Dual Core™ 2.00GHz (2CPU)

RAM 2GB

Disk Space 80 GB (including 20 GB for the database

Management system)

System Type Windows10 or later Operating System

Display 800 x 600 colors (1024 x 768 high color

16-bit recommended)

The table above shows the hardware components of the machine that allows the system to
function as required for using DBMS.

Different resources are required to implement and run the proposed system in a multi-user
environment such as:
• A local server is required to distribute the system between users.
• My SQL DBMS and Web browser is required like google chrome.
• PCs or laptops are required to access the proposed system from the server.

14
 • A layer two switch is required to connect the clients to the server.
• UTP cable and RJ-45 connectors are required.
• To place the server and switch in a proper location, a rack is required (optional).

Table 3.2: Required resources for a multi-user’s environment

Resource Type/Model Quantity

Server Dell PowerEdge T30 1

DBMS MY SQL 1

Laptop Dell 6430 4

Switch Cisco catalyst 2960 24 1

ports

UTP cable Cat 5 30m

Table 3.3: Software Requirement

Software Minimum System Requirements

Operating System Windows 7 or later

DBMS My SQL

Web browser Google chrome

The table above shows software requirements recommended to enable the system to run as
required for using DBMS.

3.4 Feasibility Study

Depending on the results of the initial investigation the survey is now expanded to a more
detailed feasibility study. The feasibility study is a test of the system proposal according to
its workability, impact on the organization, ability to meet needs and effective use of the
resources. It focuses on these major questions:

15
 • What are the users’ demonstrable needs and how does a candidate system meet
them?
• What resources are available for the given candidate system?
• What are the likely impacts of the candidate system on the organization?
• Whether it is worth solving the problem?
• During the feasibility analysis for this project, the following primary areas of interest
are to be considered.
• Investigation and generating ideas about a new system does this.

Steps in feasibility analysis:

Eight steps involved in the feasibility analysis are:
1. Form a project team and appoint a project leader.
2. Prepare system flowcharts.
3. Enumerate the potential proposed system.
4. Define and identify characteristics of the proposed system.
5. Determine and evaluate the performance and cost-effectiveness of each proposed
system.
6. Weight system performance and cost data.
7. Select the best-proposed system.
8. Prepare and report the final project directive to management.

3.4.1 Technical feasibility

A study of resource availability that may affect the ability to achieve an acceptable system.
This evaluation determines whether the technology needed for the proposed system is
available or not.

1. Can the work for the project be done with current equipment existing software
technology & available personnel?
2. Can the system be upgraded if developed?
3. If new technology is needed, then what can be developed?

16
 4. This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will successfully
satisfy the user's requirement.

The technical needs of the system may include:

Front-end and back-end selection:

An important issue for the development of a project is the selection of suitable front-end
and back-end. When we decided to develop the project, we went through an extensive study
to determine the most suitable platform that suits the needs of the organization as well as
helps in the development of the project. The aspects of our study included the following
factors.

Front-end selection:

1. It must have a graphical user interface that assists employees that are not from an IT
background.

2. Scalability and extensibility.

3. Flexibility.

4. Robustness.

5. According to the organization's requirements and the culture.

6. Must provide excellent reporting features with good printing support.

7. Platform independent.

8. Easy to debug and maintain.

9. Event-driven programming facility.

10. The front end must support some popular back end like My SQL DBMS. According
to the above-stated features we selected client-side or front end (HTML, CSS,
JQuery, JavaScript) and bootstrap as Framework: as the front-end and PHP for
programming to develop our project.

17
Back-end Selection:

1. Multiple user support.

2. Efficient data handling.
3. Provide inherent features for security.
4. Efficient data retrieval and maintenance.
5. Stored procedures.
6. Popularity.
7. Operating System compatible.
8. Easy to install.
9. Various drivers must be available.
10. Easy to implant with the Front-end.
According to the above-stated features we selected My SQL DBMS as the backend.
Technical feasibility is frequently the most difficult area encountered at this stage. The
process of analysis and definition must be conducted in parallel with an assessment of
technical feasibility. It centres on the existing computer system (hardware, software, etc.)
and to what extent it can support the proposed system.

3.4.2 Economic feasibility

Economic justification is generally the "Bottom Line" consideration for most systems.
Economic justification includes a broad range of concerns that includes a cost-benefit
analysis. In this, we weigh the cost and the benefits associated with the candidate system
and if it suits the basic purpose of the organization i.e. profit-making, the project is making
to the analysis and design phase. The financial and the economic questions during the
preliminary investigation are verified to estimate the following:

1. The cost to conduct a full system investigation.

2. The cost of hardware and software for the class of application is being considered.
3. The benefits in the form of reduced cost.
4. The proposed system will give the minute information, as a result, the performance
is improved which in turn may be expected to provide increased profits.

18
 5. This feasibility checks whether the system can be developed with the available
funds. The Online Examination System does not require an enormous amount of
money to be developed. This can be done economically if planned judicially, so it is
economically feasible. The cost of the project depends upon the number of man-
hours required.

3.4.3 Operational Feasibility

It is mainly related to human organizations and political aspects. The points to be considered
are:

1. What changes will be brought with the system?

2. What organization structures are disturbed?
3. What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have these skills?
If not, can they be trained in due course of time?
4. The system is operationally feasible as it is very easy for the End users to operate it.
It only needs basic information about the Windows platform.

3.5 Conceptual Design

Conceptual design is the first phase of database design and involves the creation of a
conceptual data model. At this stage, the entities and their attributes are determined based
on the requirements. After system investigation and analysis, the concept of the new system
was designed and all relevant entities involved in the system were identified. These Entities
which are considered for this System are below:
Table 3.4: Entity and their attributes

Entity Attributes

Admin Admin id, username, password

Teacher Teacher id, name, contact no, status

faculty, address, email, password.

Student Student id, name, course, faculty, class,

status, email, password.

19
 Course Course id, course name.

Exam Exam id, exam title, exam time limit,

exam question display, exam description

Exam question Exam choice 1, Exam choice 2, Exam

choice 3, Exam choice 4, exam answer,
exam status.

Exam attempt Exam attempt id, student id, exam attempt

status.

Feedback Feedback id, student id, feedback date.

3.6 System Design

After interpretation of the data, tables were drawn and the process the determined to guide
the researcher in the implementation stage of the project. the tools, which were employed
during this methodology stage, were mainly tables and Entity Relationship Diagrams
(ERDs). the design ensures that only allowed authorized users have access to the system's
information.
3.6.1 ER Diagram
ER Diagram stands for Entity Relationship Diagram, also known as ERD is a diagram that
displays the relationship of entity sets stored in a database. In other words, ER diagrams
help to explain the logical structure of databases. ER diagrams are created based on three
basic concepts: entities, attributes, and relationships.
ER Diagrams contain different symbols that use rectangles to represent entities, ovals to
define attributes, and diamond shapes to represent relationships.
At first look, an ER diagram looks very similar to the flowchart. However, ER Diagram
includes many specialized symbols, and its meanings make this model unique. The purpose
of ER Diagram is to represent the entity framework infrastructure.
Entity-relationship diagrams a specialized graphics that illustrate the interrelationship
between entities in a database.

20
3.6.1.1 What is ER Model?
ER Model stands for Entity-Relationship Model is a high-level conceptual data model
diagram. ER model helps to systematically analyze data requirements to produce a well-
designed database. The ER Model represents real-world entities and the relationships
between them. Creating an ER Model in DBMS is considered a best practice before
implementing your database.
ER Modeling helps you to analyze data requirements systematically to produce a well-
designed database. So, it is considered a best practice to complete ER modeling before
implementing your database.
3.6.1.2 History of ER diagrams
ER diagrams are visual tools that are helpful to represent the ER model. Peter Chen
proposed ER Diagram in 1971 to create a uniform convention that can be used for relational
databases and networks. He aimed to use an ER model as a conceptual modeling approach.
3.6.1.3 Why use ER Diagrams?
Here, are prime reasons for using the ER Diagram
• Helps you to define terms related to entity-relationship modeling
• Provide a preview of how all your tables should connect, what fields are going to be
on each table
• Helps to describe entities, attributes, relationships
• ER diagrams are translatable into relational tables which allows you to build
databases quickly
• ER diagrams can be used by database designers as a blueprint for implementing data
in specific software applications
• The database designer gains a better understanding of the information to be
contained in the database with the help of an ERP diagram
• ERD Diagram allows you to communicate the logical structure of the database to
users.

21
3.6.1.4 Facts about ER Diagram Model
ER model allows you to draw Database Design. It is an easy-to-use graphical tool for
modeling data. Widely used in Database Design and it is a GUI representation of the logical
structure of a Database. It helps you to identify the entities which exist in a system and the
relationships between those entities.

3.6.2 ER diagram for the proposed system

Figure 3.1: Makeen Institute Online Examination system ERD

22
3.7 Use Case Diagram
Use case diagram is a graphical depiction of a user’s possible interactions with a system. A
use case diagram shows various use cases and different types of users the system has and
will often be accompanied by other types of diagram as well.

Figure 3.2: Makeen Institute Online Examination System Use Case Diagram

23
3.8 Incremental Software Development Process Model
To develop our project in a proper and standard way, to find the best solutions for the
problems, and to obtain the specific objectives of our project in exact time. So, we decided
to use the incremental software development process model because in this model the
project is defined as finished when it satisfies all of its requirements.
This allows partial utilization of the product and avoids a long development time. It also
avoids a large initial capital outlay and subsequent long waiting period. (ScienceDirect.com,
2013)
The following steps or phases are included in the development of this project.

Figure 3.3: Incremental Model

3.8.1 Analysis:

this phase is defined as a process of cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to discover
useful information for project decision-making. In this phase, we try to extract useful
information from data and make the decision based on the data analyzed.

24
3.8.2 Design:

The design phase of software development deals with transforming the customer
requirements as described in the SRS documents into a form implementable using a
programming language.

3.8.3 Code:

This phase is the key step in the project. The previous phases lay the foundation for system
development and This is the actual phase of developing the project. To complete the
development phase successfully, two elements are required: 1) a complete set of design
specifications and 2) proper processes, standards, and tools.

3.8.4 Test:

In the incremental model, the testing phase checks the performance of each existing function
as well as additional functionality. In this phase, various methods are used to test the
behavior of each task.

3.9 Technologies used:

The following technologies are used for the development of this project.
 Client-Side: (HTML, CSS, JQuery, JavaScript) and bootstrap as Framework:
 Database: My SQL
 Server Side: PHP
 Server: XAMPP
3.9.1 My SQL

My SQL is a relational database management system based on SQL – Structured Query

Language. It is used for adding, removing, and modifying information in the database. The
most common use for MySQL however, is for the purpose of a web database.
(CHRISTENSSON, 2007/march/6).

25
3.9.2 PHP

PHP is a scripting language designed specifically for use on the web. It has features to aid
you in programming the tasks needed to develop dynamic web applications. In this chapter,
we describe the basics of writing PHP scripts — the rules that apply to all PHP statements.
Consider these rules similar to general grammar and punctuation rules. In the remaining
chapters in this miniboom, you find out about specific PHP statements and features and how
to write PHP scripts to perform specific tasks. (Valade S. S., Understanding Php Basics,
2013).

3.9.3 HTML

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language
for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser It can be assisted by technologies
such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as JavaScript.
(W3Schools, 2019)

3.9.4 CSS

Cascading Style Sheets fondly referred to as CSS, is a simply designed language intended
to simplify the process of making web pages presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to
web pages. More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independent of the HTML that
makes up each web page. CSS is easy to learn and understood but it provides powerful
control over the presentation of an HTML document. (W3Schools, 2019)

3.9.5 JavaScript

JavaScript is an object-based scripting language that is lightweight and cross-platform.

JavaScript is used to create client-side dynamic pages. JavaScript is not a compiled
language, but it is a translated language. The JavaScript Translator (embedded in the
browser) is responsible for translating the JavaScript code for the web browser.
(W3Schools, 2019)

26
3.9.6 Bootstrap

Is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web
development. It contains CSS- and JavaScript-based design templates for typography,
forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components. (Wikipedia, 2017).

3.9.6 XAMPP

Is a small and light Apache distribution containing the most common web development
technologies in a single package. Its contents, small size, and portability make it the ideal
tool for students developing and testing applications in PHP and My SQL. XAMPP is local
server use for various web development tasks. (D..Dvorski, March 2007).

27
 CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter describe the main work of the project which were done for creating the proposed
system.

4.1 Admin Login Form:

The first page of the system, called the admin login page, where the user required to be
authenticated to access the system. And the system will open a particular account page or
dashboard according to admin rights.

Figure 4.1: Admin Login Form

4.2 Home Page:

It is the main and first page when a user login to the system. where admin add manage course,
lecturers and view all taken exams report.

28
 Figure 4.2: Admin Home Page

4.3 Couse Information Form

Through this form, we can add a new course information in the system.

Figure 4.3: Course Information Form

29
4.4 Course Information report:

This report shows all available courses in the system.

Figure 4.4: Course Information Report

4.5 Teacher Registration Form

Through this form, we can store a new teacher's information in the system.

Figure 4.5: Teacher Registration Form

30
4.6 Teacher Information Report:

This report shows all the registered teacher in the system.

Figure 4.6: Teacher Information Report

4.7 Taken Exam Report:

This report shows all taken exam and students mark as well.

Figure 4.7: Taken Exam Report

31
 Figure 4.8: Taken Exam Report

4.8 Teacher Login From:

In this form a teacher with correct Email and password can login and access the system.

Figure 4.9: Teacher Login From

4.9 Teacher Home Page:

In teacher home page teacher can do his/her related activity.

32
 Figure 4.10: Teacher Home Page

4.10 Exam Form:

In this form we can store new exam information in the system.

Figure 4.11: Daily Tests Report

4.11 Exam Report:

this report, shows the available exam in the system.

33
 Figure 4.12: Exam Report

Figure 4.13: Exam Report

4.12 Student Form:

In this form we can store new student to the system.

34
 Figure 4.14: Student Form

4.13 Student Information Report:

This report shows, student information in the system.

Figure 4.15: Student Information Report

4.17: Student Result Report:

This report shows the result of students in the system.

35
 Figure 4.16: Student Result Report

4.19: Student Feedback Report

This report of student’s feedback in the system.

Figure 4.17: Student Feedback Report

4.21: Student Login Form:

In this form student can login with username that given by teacher and access the system.

36
 Figure 4.18: Student Login Form

4.23: Student Home page

In this page student can do his/her related activity.

Figure 4.19: Student Home Page

4.25: Student Exam Page

In this page student give their exams and timer will be set for the duration of exam.

37
 Figure 4.20: Student Exam Page

4.27: Student Result Page

In this page students can see their result as they completed the exam.

Figure 4.21: Student Result Page

4.27: Student Feedback Form

In this form student feedback teacher’s exam.

38
Figure 4.22: Student Feedback Form

39
 CHAPTER 5
Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Conclusion
By developing and implementing this project many problems of the Makeen
Institute will be solved like: It was difficult to check student exam paper when
number of student increase, also it was time consuming, papers needlessly wasted.
The system would also provide a facility to administrators to login, view all taken
exam report and teachers information.
The system also enables the Teachers to view student’s information, teacher don’t
need to check student’s exam process because the system will check and calculate.
The proposed system will allow students of mentioned institute to give exam online
rather than take paper and solve question.
The system would be shared between multiple users and all of them would be able
to access and manipulate the system simultaneously.
This would enable to improve the response time to the demands of student and
teacher care because it automates the process of collating and retrieving student and
teacher information.
Accounting sometimes becomes pathetic and complex. This product will eliminate
any such complexity since the retrieval of information through its OES will become
virtually on the tip of your fingers
Very important for some, the reduced cost of the manpower would pay for the cost
of this product within a short time after its implementation.
We achieved our objectives by using the incremental model and using some world
class technologies (PHP, My SQL DBMS), web designing languages like HTML,
CSS, JQuery JavaScript. framework like bootstrap and server like XAMPP server.

40
5.2 Future Work
5.2.1 Idea 1?
In this project, the following feature is remained and is recommended for future
work to be done because of lack of time with our project team members and some
other sort of problems such as:
 Teacher will not be able to add descriptive and objectives question.
 Student will not be able to give exam from other place only can give exam inside
the local network of mentioned institute.

41
 REFERENCES
Ayham Fayyoumi, A. Z. (2014). Novel Solution Based on Face Recognition to Address
Identity Theft and Cheating in Online Examination Systems, Advances in Internet of
Things.
CHRISTENSSON. (2007/march/6, 1 23). MySQL Defination. Sharpened Productions.
Retrieved April 5, 2021, from techterms.com/definition/mysql
D..Dvorski, D. (March 2007, 3 13). INSTALLING, CONFIGURING, AND DEVELOPIN
WITH XAMPP. Google Scholar. Retrieved 3 29, 2021.
Design and Development of the Online Examination System based on B/S
Structure.Hongmei Nie Math,Physics and Information Engineering College Zhejiang
Normal University Jinhua,China E-mail: nhm@zjnu.cn
Harshal Arbat, S. C. (2017). ONLINE EXAMINATION SYSTEM USING VOICE
RECOGNITION SYSTEM.
J. Anstine and M. Skidmore, “A small sample study of traditional and online courses with
sample selection adjustment,” J. Econ. Educ., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 107–127, 2005.
Jassó, J., Milani, A., & Pallottelli, S. (2008). Blended e-learning: Survey of on-line student
assessment. Proceedings - International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications,
DEXA, 626–630. http://doi.org/10.1109/DEXA.2008.115
Richard M. Luecht, “Challenges of web-based assessment”, Annual Meeting of the National
Council on Measurement in Education (NCME), Vol 2, 2001.

Royappa, A. V. (2000, March 1). The PHP Web application server. Journal of Computin
Sciences in Colleges. Retrieved 3 29, 2021, from http://www.googalscholar.com
Ria Mae H. Borromeo,” ONLINE EXAMINATION FOR DISTANCE
EDUCATORS USING MOODLE”, 2013 IEEE 63rd Annual Conference
International Council for Educational Media (ICEM)
ScienceDirect.com. (2013, February 20). Retrieved March 25, 2021, from
ScienceDirect: Incremental Model - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics.
Sciencedirect.com. (2021). Retrieved 30 March 2021, from
Yousef Atoum, Liping Chen, Alex X. Liu, Stephen D. H. Hsu, Xiaoming Liu, Automated
Online Exam Proctoring, IEEE TRANSACTION ON MULTIMEDIA, 19(7), 2017, 1609-
1624https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/incremental-model.
W3Schools. (2019). W3Schools Online Web Tutorials. (Microsoft) Retrieved from
W3schools.com: https://www.w3schools.com/
42
www.codeguru.com/logicaldesign. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.codeguru.com
Wikipedia. (2017, Feb 19). free encyclopedia. (Wikipedia) Retrieved march 25, 2021, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrap_(front-end_framework).
Zeba Khanam, M. N. (2018). Implementation of pHash algorithm for face recognition in
secured remote online examination system.

APPENDIXES
Appendix 1: Pictures

43
Figure 5.1: Makeen Institute.

44
 Appendix
Questioner
In this section we show the questioner we created for interview to collect some important
data of customer.

Question related to admin:

Table 7.1: Question related to admin

No Question related to Admin

1 How is the current exam system of your institute?

2 Do your teachers understand English and computer?

3 Do you have computer labs?

4 How many faculties do you have?

5 Which kind of question do you use in exams?

Question related to teacher:

Table 7.2: Question related to teacher

No Qustion related to teacher

1 Are interested with computer based exams?

2 Which kind of question is best in exam?

3 Is the checking exam paper time consuming and difficult?

4 How many faculties do you have?

5 How many question you prepare in final and test?

45
Question related to student:
Table 7.3: Question Related to student

No Question related to student

1 What problems you have with current exam system?

2 Do you understand English and computer?

3 Do you want to have only multiple choice question in exam?

4 Do your teacher announce the result on time?

5 Do you want to have a system that your result will be displayed on to yourself?

Appendix
Appendix 3: Extra code:
46
The structure of admin table is given below:

CREATE TABLE `admin_acc` (

`admin_id` int(11) NOT NULL,

`admin_user` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`admin_pass` varchar(1000) NOT NULL

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

INSERT INTO `admin_acc` (`admin_id`,

`admin_user`, `admin_pass`) VALUES

(1, 'admin@username', 'admin@password');

The structure of student table is given bellow:

CREATE TABLE `student_tbl` (

`student_id` int(11) NOT NULL,

`student_fullname` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_course` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_faculty` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_roll no` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_class` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_email` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_password` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`student_status` varchar(1000) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'active'

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

The structure of the course table is given bellow:

47
CREATE TABLE `course_tbl` (

`cou_id` int(11) NOT NULL,

`cou_name` varchar(1000) NOT NULL,

`cou_created` timestamp NOT NULL

DEFAULT current_timestamp() ON UPDATE

current_timestamp ()

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

The code bellow depicts Adding question for any exam:

<?php

Include ("../../../conn.php");

extract($_POST);

$selQuest = $conn->query ("SELECT

* FROM exam_question_tbl WHERE exam_id=

'$examId' AND exam_question='$question' ");

If ($selQuest->rowCount() > 0)

{$res = array("res" => "exist", "msg"

=> $question);

else

$insQuest = $conn->query("INSERT INTO exam_question_tbl

(exam_id,exam_question,exam_ch1,exam_ch2,exam_ch3,exam_ch4,exam_answer)

VALUES ('$examId','$question','$choice_A','$choice_B','$choice_C','$choice_D'

,'$correctAnswer') ");

If ($insQuest)
48
{

$res = array ("res" => "success", "msg" => $question);

else

$res = array ("res" => "failed");

echo json_encode($res);

?>

The code bellow depicts Updating question for any exam:

<?php

Include ("../../../conn.php");

Extract ($_POST);

$updExam = $conn->query ("UPDATE exam_tbl SET cou_id='

$courseId', ex_title='$examTitle', ex_time_limit='$examLimit'

, ex_questlimit_display='$examQuestDipLimit' , ex_description=

'$examDesc' WHERE ex_id='$examId' ");

If ($updExam)

$res = array ("res" => "success", "msg" => $examTitle);

else

$res = array ("res" => "failed");

49
}

echo json_encode ($res);

?>

50