Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin
Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin
Diocesan Assembly
Diocesan Council
The Diocesan Council (Armenian: Թեմական Խորհուրդ Temakan Khorhurt) headed by the primate
of the diocese, is the highest executive body of a dioceses of the Armenian church. It regulates the internal
administrative activity of the diocese under the direction of the primate. Members of the council are elected
by the Diocesan Assembly.
Monastic Brotherhood
Parish Assembly
The Parish Assembly (Armenian: Ծխական Ժողով Tskhakan Zhoghov) is the general assembly of the
community regulated by the spiritual pastor. The Parish Assembly either elects or appoints the members of
the Parish Council as well as the delegates to the Diocesan Assembly.
Parish Council
The Parish Council (Armenian: Ծխական Խորհուրդ Tskhakan Khorhurt) is the executive-
administrative body of the community, regulated by the spiritual pastor of the community. It is mainly
involved in the realization of the administrative and financial activities of the community. Members of the
council are either elected or appointed by the Parish Assembly.
Churches of the Mother See complex, including: Etchmiadzin Cathedral (opened in 301),
Saints Vartan and Hovhannes Baptistery (opened in 2008), and the Church of the Holy
Archangels (opened in 2011).
Churches of Etchmiadzin UNESCO World Heritage Site, including: Saint Hripsime Church
(opened in 618), Saint Gayane Church (opened in 630), and Shoghakat Church (opened in
1694).
Sevanavank monastic complex in Gegharkunik Province of the 9th century.
Khor Virap Monastery in Ararat Province of the 17th century.
Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral in Yerevan, opened in 2001.
Surp Hakob Chapel of Vaskenian Theological Academy in Gegharkunik Province, opened
in 2005.
Surp Anna Church in Yerevan, opened in 2015, with the Yerevan residence of the
Catholicos.
Vagharshapat City Stadium: is a football stadium opened in 1973 at the south of the Mother
See complex and has a capacity of 3,000 spectators. The stadium will be fully renovated
within the near future through the financial support of the church benefactors.
Shoghakat TV of the Mother See: based in Shengavit District of Yerevan, has been
broadcast since November 2002.[13]
"Let It Be Light" solar photovoltaic park: located to the south of the Mother See, outside the
walls of the complex. The project was initiated and fulfilled in 2017, including installation of
solar water heaters and photovoltaic array, with a cost exceeding US$2 million. It also
includes a solar park, solar heating system and solar efficiency programs. The project was
financed by the Tunyan Family Fund.[14]
Churches
Mother Cathedral of Holy Etchmiadzin was built by Saint Gregory the Illuminator in 301–303.
The Etchmiadzin Cathedral is the oldest church built by a state in the world. According to the
5th-century Armenian annals, Saint Gregory had a vision of Christ descending from heaven
and striking the earth with a golden hammer to show where the cathedral should be built.
Hence, the patriarch gave the church and the city the new name of Echmiadzin, which may
be translated as "the place where the Only Begotten descended". In 480, Vahan
Mamikonian, the Sassanian governor (marzban) of Armenia, ordered the dilapidated basilica
to be replaced with a new cruciform church. In 618, the wooden dome was replaced with a
stone one, resting on four massive pillars linked to exterior walls by arcades. This was the
church much as it is today. Murals in the interior and extravagant rotundas surmounting the
apses appeared in the early 18th century. Between 1654 and 1658, the main three-tier belfry
at the entrance of the cathedral was erected.
Saints Vartan and Hovhannes Baptistery, a chapel located north of the Mother Cathedral
and designated for baptism ceremonies. The three-domed chapel was designed by
architects Jim Torosyan and Romeo Julhakyan. The chapel was consecrated on 26
September 2008 and the construction was funded by the British-Armenian philanthropist
Armen Sarkissian.
Church of the Holy Archangels, built between 2009 and 2011, located in the yard of
Gevorkian Seminary building. The single-domed church was consecrated on 5 November
2011. It was designed by architect Jim Torosyan. The construction work was funded by the
Armenian philanthropist Gagik Galstyan.
Pontifical Chapel, opened in on 18 September 2019 in the yard of Veharan pontifical
residence.
Administrative buildings
Old Synod building home to Ecumenical Relations Department: built by Catholicos Mkrtich I
in 1896-97 to serve as a chancellery and synod building until the Soviet occupation in 1920.
It was returned to the Mother See during the 1950s. Since its renovation in 2011, the single-
storied structure became an administrative building housing the Ecumenical Relations
Department of the Mother See, along with the offices of the Round Table Foundation and
Ecumenical Church Loan Fund (ECLOF) of the World Council of Churches.[15]
Veharan pontifical residence: is the headquarters and main residence of the Catholicos of
All Armenians. Designed by architect P. Zohrabov, the construction of the building started on
June 6, 1910 and completed in 1915, through the donations of Alexander Mantashev. After
1920, the building was used by the Soviets as a military base until 1956, when it was
returned to the Mother See through the efforts of Catholicos Vazgen I. In 1957, the residence
was entirely rebuilt through the donations of Gegham Tandzikian, based on a new design
composed by architects Artsruni Galikyan, Rafael Israelyan and Baghdasar
Arzoumanian.[16] Currently, the two-storied building houses the administrative offices of the
Catholicos, the pontifical residence quarters, several meeting rooms and a treasury-
museum.[17]
Divanatoon or the chancellery: built in 2005-08, located next to the Veharan pontifical
residence. The two-storied building is designed by architect Armand Avagyan, and funded
by Nazar and Artemis Nazarian from the United States. It serves as the working office of the
Catholicos and the Supreme Spiritual Council.[18]
Veharan pontifical
residence
Monastic residences
Ghazarapat deacons' residence: built in mid 18th century and located to the south of the
Cathedral. The 1st floor of the two-storied building is currently housing showrooms and
museums, while the 2nd floor is home to 22 residential rooms for the deacons of the Mother
See. Renovated in 1974, the building was home to the main dining hall of the Mother See
until 2002, when it was moved to the new Monastic Residence.[19]
Yeremian cells monastic residence: built in 1892-93 through the efforts of bishop Yeremia
Galustian. It served the students of Gevorkian Seminary until the Soviet occupation in 1920.
During the 1950s, it was returned to the Mother See through the efforts of Catholicos Vazgen
I. In 2013-15, the two-storied building was entirely renovated through the efforts of the
Mardigian family from the United States. Currently, the building serves as a residence for the
clerical members of the Brotherhood of Holy Etchmiadzin, as well as the visiting guests of
the Armenian Church.[20]
Vanatoon monastic guesthouse: a three-storied small building opened in 1978, through the
donations of Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. Consisted of 20 residential units, the
building is designated to serve the visiting clergymen and guests of the Mother See. It was
entirely renovated in 2007 with the financial assistance of James Kaloustian.[21]
Gevorkian Seminary dormitory: built in 1997-99 through the efforts of Catholicos Garegin I. It
was designed by architect Artsruni Galikyan and the construction was funded by Vahan and
Anoush Shamlian from Fresno, California. The three-storied building is designated to host
150 students of the Gevorgian Seminary.[22]
New monastic residence: a 250-meters long two-storied structure connected to the
Ghazarapat and Vanatoon monastic residences, was officially opened on August 31, 2002.
The building was designed by architect Ruben Azatyan, while the construction was fulfilled
through the donations of Richard Manoogian; an Armenian benefactor from Michigan. The
building has 82 residential rooms.[23]
Educational institutions
Gevorkian Theological Seminary: built in 1874 by Catholicos Gevork IV. A new extension
designed by architect Jim Torosyan was connected to the old building in 2013.[24]
Old Seminary building home to the Christian Education Center: originally built in 1908-11 to
serve as a depositary (matenadaran) of old Armenian manuscripts. After the Soviet
occupation, the building served as the main premises of Gevorkian Seminary between 1945
and 1997. Currently, the building is home to the Christian Education Center as well as many
other social committees of the Mother See.[25]
Karekin I Centre of Theology and Armenology, operating since June 26, 2000. The new
building was officially opened on September 28, 2015. It was designed by architect Artavazd
Nazaretian and funded by Haig and Elza Titizian from London.[26][27]
Eurnekian School: the new building of the school is located within the territory of the Mother
See complex. The construction was launched in 2012 and fulfilled through donations from
Eduardo Eurnekian.[28] The official inauguration ceremony of the school took place on 14
September 2017, for the 2017-18 educational year.
Gates
Clock Tower: is a gate topped with a clock built in 1959, located at the north-western side of
the complex.
Gate of Vazgen I (Vazgenian Darbas): erected in March 1961 at the eastern wall of the
complex. In 2002, the gate was moved to the northern entrance.
Gate of King Trdat (Durn Trdata): restored in 1964 on the basis of the well-preserved
remains of the old medieval gate. The arch is located on the halfway between the Mother
Cathedral and the Veharan Pontifical Residence.
Gate of Saint Gregory: built in 2001 to become the main entrance to the Mother See.
Southern Gate near the Manookian Manuscript Depository: erected in 2011, forms the
southeastern entrance to the Mother See complex.
Clock Tower Gate of Vazgen I Gate of Gate of Saint
King Gregory
Trdat
Southern Gate
Two Statu
Julfa e of
khachka Mesr
rs, dated op
1602 Mash
and tots
1603,
removed
from the
graveyar
d before
destructi
on
Service buildings
Northern wall of the Mother See: a 110-meters long fortification lies between the old
seminary building and the clock tower, at the north of the Mother Cathedral. The building is
currently home to service rooms and offices.
Agape Refectory building dating back to the 17th century with the adjacent souvenirs shop.
Vehicles service building: completed in 2002 through donations from Louise Manoogian
Simone. The building is dedicated for logistics management and vehicles services.
Sports and events centre of Gevorkian Seminary: the construction was launched on July 11,
2009 and the centre was officially opened on November 5, 2011. The three-storied building
located near the Gevorkian Seminary, was designed by architect Jim Torosyan, while the
construction was funded by Bedros and Anna Oruncakciel from Los Angeles.[37]
Pontifical Events Centre: located at the western edge of the Mother See complex, near the
Veharan pontifical residence, designated to host conferences, as well as the religious and
secular events of the Mother See. The two-storied building opened in 2014, was designed
by architect Hrach Poghosyan and the construction was funded by Samvel Karapetyan.
Northern Agape Refectory and Sports and events
wall of the souvenirs shop centre of
the Gevorkian
Mother Seminary
See
Gallery
See also
Etchmiadzin Cathedral
List of catholicoi of Armenia
Holy See of Cilicia
Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem
References
1. The Current Structure of the Armenian Church (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid
=1&id=7746&pid=3&lng=en)
2. Departments of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.j
sp?sid=1&id=22&pid=4)
3. Publications: Etchmiadzin Monthly (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=295
00&pid=1&lng=en)
4. Publication department of the Mother See (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&
id=103&lng=en)
5. Youth Centers (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=98&pid=21)
6. College Ministry (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4164&pid=21)
7. Izmirlian Medical Center and Surb Nerses Mets Research and Education Center (http://ww
w.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=97&pid=21)
8. Soup Kitchens of the Mother See (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=96&p
id=21)
9. Prison Ministry program of the Mother See (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1
&id=100&pid=21)
10. Church Chaplaincy Armenian Armed Forces (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=
1&id=29943&pid=21&lng=en)
11. Armenian College and Philanthropic Academy (http://www.armeniancollege.edu.in/armenia
n-college-and-philanthropic-academy/)
12. Turpanjian Theological High School (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=29
123&pid=49)
13. About Shoghakat TV (http://www.shoghakat.am/en/site/about)
14. Holy Etchmiadzin prefers solar energy (http://www.panarmenian.net/eng/details/243822/)
15. Ecumenical affairs building at the old synod (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=
1&id=4140&pid=971)
16. The reconstruction of Veharan pontifical residence (http://www.rafaelisraelyan.com/node/37)
17. Pontifical Residence (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4125&pid=971)
18. Chancellery (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=13537&pid=971)
19. Deacons' residence (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4136&pid=971)
20. Yeremian cells (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4133&pid=971)
21. Vanatoon guest house (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4137&pid=971)
22. Seminary Dormitories (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4135&pid=971)
23. New Monastic Residence (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4134&pid=9
71)
24. Gevorkian Theological Seminary (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4129
&pid=971)
25. Old seminary (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4139&pid=971)
26. Վարչապետը մասնակցել է «Գարեգին Ա» կրթական կենտրոնի բացմանը (htt
p://www.gov.am/am/news/item/12144/)
27. Karekin I Spiritual-Educational Center Foundation Blessing (http://www.armenianchurch.org/
index.jsp?sid=3&nid=1982&y=2011&m=10&d=6&lng=en)
28. Eurnekian School (http://eurnekianschool.am/%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80-%D5%B4%D5%
A1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B6/)
29. Museums of the Mother See (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=16864&pi
d=16860&lng=en)
30. Old pontifical residence (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4130&pid=97
1)
31. Bookstore (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4143&pid=971)
32. Printing house (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4142&pid=971)
33. Khrimian Museum (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=4132&pid=971)
34. «Ալեք և Մարի Մանուկյան» Գանձատուն (http://armchurch.info/project1/%D5%A1%D
5%AC%D5%A5%D6%84-%D6%87-%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB-%D5%B4%D
5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6-%D5%A3%D5%
A1%D5%B6%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6/)
35. Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Manuscript Depository (http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.
jsp?sid=1&id=4138&pid=971)
36. "Ռուբեն Սևակի անվան թանգարան" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181221200350/
http://armchurch.info/project1/%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%B6-%
D5%BD%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D
5%B6-%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6/).
Archived from the original (http://armchurch.info/project1/%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D
5%A2%D5%A5%D5%B6-%D5%BD%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB-%D5%A1%D
5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6-%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%
80%D5%A1%D5%B6/) on 2018-12-21. Retrieved 2017-05-21.
37. The opening ceremony of the Sports and events centre of Gevorkian Seminary (http://www.a
rmenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=3&nid=1984&y=2011&m=10&d=6&lng=en)
Sources
Stopka, Krzysztof (2016). Armenia Christiana: Armenian Religious Identity and the Churches
of Constantinople and Rome (4th-15th century) (https://books.google.com/books?id=eeq-DQ
AAQBAJ). Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press. ISBN 9788323395553.
External links
About Etchmiadzin cathedral (https://avproduction.am/?ln=am&page=culture&id=32)