Table 5.

3 Determining the Molar Volume of a Gas

DATA Remarks
Mass of magnesium 0.00789 g Measured
Moles of magnesium Calculated (1)
Initial volume of tube 2 (Vo) 25.00 mL Measured
Final volume of tube 2 (Vf) 16.55 mL Measured
Volume of H2 – H2O vapour-gas
8.45 mL = Vo – Vf
mixture collected
Temperature 23 C = 296 K Measured
Barometric pressure 735 mmHg Measured
Vapor pressure of water at the
measured temperature (refer to 21.0 mmHg From table 5.1
Table 5.1)
Partial pressure of hydrogen gas 714 mmHg Calculated (2)
Volume of H2 at STP 0.00732 L Calculated (3)
Moles of hydrogen gas Calculated (1)
Molar volume of H2 at the
22.5 L/mole Calculated (4)
corrected pressure
Theoretical molar volume of
22.4 L/mole Contant at STP
hydrogen (STP)
% difference 0.446% Calculated (5)

Calculations:
1) Calculate the theoretical number of moles H2 gas produced.
Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2
According to the balanced reaction, the amount of hydrogen gas produced is equal to the
amount of moles of magnesium in the reaction.

Thus, moles of H2 is also .

2) Calculate the partial pressure of H2 gas. Use Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure.
Barometric pressure = total pressure (735 mmHg)
Total pressure = PH 2  PH 2O
735 mmHg = PH 2 + 21.0 mmHg
PH 2 = 735 – 21.0 = 714.0 mmHg

3) Use Combined Gas Law to calculate volume of H2 at STP

P1V1 P2V2
 Let STP be second conditions (P2, V2, and T2)
T1 T2
At STP, pressure and temperature are constant at 760 mmHg
and 273K, respectively.
P1V1T2 (714.0 mmHg)(0.00845 L)(273 K )
Volume at STP = V2  
P2T1 (296 K )(760 mmHg)
= 0.00732 L
4) Calculate the experimentally determined molar volume at STP.
0.00732 L
Molar volume of H2 = = = 22.5 L/mole
3.25  10 4 moles
5) Calculate % difference.
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