1.

The Farmer's Dilemma:

Problem: A farmer needs to transport a wolf, a goat, and a cabbage across a river. His
boat can only carry one item at a time. If he leaves the wolf with the goat or the goat
with the cabbage alone on one side of the river, a disaster will happen. How can the
farmer safely move all three items across the river?
Solution: The farmer must make multiple trips, ensuring that he always takes the goat
across first, leaves it on the other side, returns to get the wolf, and finally brings the goat
back with him. Afterward, he can take the cabbage across, leave it on the other side,
and return to get the goat. This way, he can transport all three items without any harm.

2. The Three Switches Problem:

Problem: You are in a room with three light switches, each controlling a different bulb
in another room. You can't see the bulbs and can only enter the other room once. How
can you figure out which switch corresponds to each bulb?
Solution: First, turn one switch on and leave it on for a few minutes. Then turn it off
and switch another one on. When you enter the other room:
- The lit bulb corresponds to the first switch.
- The bulb that is off but still warm corresponds to the second switch.
- The bulb that is off and cool corresponds to the switch you haven't touched.

3. The Four 4's Puzzle:

Problem: Using only four 4's and any mathematical operations, can you find a way to
represent all the numbers from 1 to 100?
Solution: This puzzle requires creative math. For instance, represent 1 as √4 - √4, 2
as 4/4, and so on. Some numbers may necessitate more intricate operations, but it's
feasible to express all numbers from 1 to 100 using only four 4's.

4. The Missing Dollar Riddle:

Problem: Three friends pool $30 to pay for a hotel room, handing $30 to the hotel
clerk. Later, the clerk realizes the room's cost is $25, so he gives $5 to the bellboy for
the guests. The bellboy, however, keeps $2 and returns $1 to each friend. Now, each
friend has paid $9 ($27 in total), and the bellboy has $2. What happened to the missing
dollar?
 Solution: The puzzle is designed to be misleading. The friends collectively spent $27
($9 each), and the bellboy kept $2. There is no missing dollar.

5. The Two Trains Puzzle:

Problem: Two trains are heading toward each other on parallel tracks. Train A travels
at 60 mph, and Train B at 40 mph. They start 100 miles apart. A bird begins flying from
Train A towards Train B at 100 mph. When it reaches Train B, it immediately flies back
to Train A, repeating this until the two trains collide. What's the total distance the bird
traveled?
Solution: The time until the trains collide is 1 hour (since their combined closure rate is
60 mph + 40 mph = 100 mph). Hence, the bird flies for 1 hour at 100 mph, covering a
total distance of 100 miles.

Members:
Neil Andrzej P. Galila
Janhilly M. Caramonte
Julio Cesar H. Amolato
Benjie O. Diana
Danrick A. Caballes
Edlyn Lorraine R. Delima
Adones S. Miquel
Adrian P. Sambilad