> EXAM FOCUS 202 BD Work in pairs. Which of the following would you not expect to happen. inascience lecture? + making (es + talking to the lecturer « jokes and laughter + listening to music atervrards + watching experiments oO ‘You will hear a student called Max Bignall giving a presente about a science club in New York. How many of the things in Act Don't write more than the does he mention? ‘one or two words you actully hearin the sciencescene EE} Listen again. For questions 1-8, complete the sentences below. ED Do you think the Secret Science Club would work where you live? Max was surprised that one of the founders of the Secret Science Clu! was a (1 rather than e scientist. The Bell Hause is used for (2) (on most weeknights Apart fram delivering their lecture, presenters at the Secret Science Club often do (3) on stage. The lecture about (4). was one that Max particularly appreciated Max sometimes finds it difficult to understand the (5) which follow the lectures. Max says that (6) with leading members of the scientific community is @ huge benefic. Max thinks this club follows the tradition of meetings which took place | European (71 in the eighteenth century, In Max's opinion, the club nights are populer because they make people see the (8) ‘of science to ordinary people:WES ENE are Multi-part verbs science and research I Work in pairs. If you wanted to compare various paper planes, how would you do [Fy Read the description of how to design a study of paper planes and choose the most appropriate alternatives for a scientific article. The perfect paper plane Let us suppose you have developed some designs for paper planes and wish (1) id ou/determinekrow which of theses Best Having (2) watchedloked avobserved paper planesin the pat wl allow you to {3) get to/make/arrive at a hypothesis — for example, that planes with wider \wingspans ly futher. You wil then ned to) vlidatfeecttry your hypothesis by designing an experiment. This is relatively straightforward. ‘You simply make some planes with (5} different/varying/distinct wingspans, throw them, measure ov far they travel and record the distances. The planes should be thrown atleast ive times. ou should record ‘your results, (6) plot/write/put them on a graph and then examine your (M dicovercifindingvansvers bore writing them up. in your conclusion, ‘you should say whether your (8) first/starting/initial hypothesis has been confirmed or not, iit has no, i will need to be modified A LANGUAGE TIP Several formal single-word verbs used in academic writing have mult-part verb equivalents. These can be slightly less formal than the single-word vetbs when used with the object before the preposition. ‘She put forward several valuable suggestions ‘She put several valuable suggestions forward. Downaads ENTERNOW Replace the underlined verbs in the scientific statements with the correct form of the multi-part verbs in the box. pointout make clear take into account put forward take issue with set out carry out look into They conducted a study of perceptions of temperature, The research group are currently investigating the effects of first language on the recall of childhood experiences. They were finally able to clarify the distinction between learning and acquisition. ‘They pronase @ new model for the description of the universe. ‘They fail to consider a series of contributing factors. | indicate several flaws in the methodology. We intended to examine the stripe distribution in tabby cats. We contest the statement by Burbrook and colleagues. o we agvoun ED Decide which other patterns you can use with the multi-part verbs. Example: They carried outan experiment. A They carried an experiment out. 7 B They carried it out. They carried outit. x 1. [plan to look into the reasons for the differences, A plan to look the reasons into for the differences B Iplan to look them into, € I plan to look into them, 2. He pointed out the error. A He pointed the error out, B He pointed it out. € He pointed out it. 3. She put forward a new theory, A She put anew theory forward, B She put it forward, She put forward it 4 We took into account the children's mother tongue. [A We took the children’s mother tongue into account, B We took tinto account C We took account into it 5 They alled to make clear the distinction between group Aand group B A They failed to make the distinction bedween group A and group 8 clear. B They failed to make it clear. € They failed to make clear it Speaking © Work in pairs. Discuss how you would design studies to test these hypotheses. 1. People ofall ages buy more in clothing shops if there is loud music playing. 2. Five-year-olds wha have never used a tablet before will lear to use one Unit 14.86 jantideas 141142 GRAMMAR Speaking 1 answer the questions. Then compare your answers with a partner. 1. What ae the benefits of taking a nap during the day? Doyou ever do this? 2. Doyou remember your dreams? Have you ever woken up and tied to write down whatever it was you were dreaming? Didit help you to remember your dream? question that’s been sofa problem you Cohesion » GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.171 BD Read the magazine article about two famous an-bomn Otto Loewi and scientists, How would they answer the last Austin John Coren Ecos devoted their scientific 15 to researching the way ignals are transmitted ain, While one scientist find an experimental two questions you discussed in Activity 1? EX underline the different ways Otto Loe John Eccles are referred to in the ar including pronouns and repetitions of their names. LANGUAGE TIP In the Writing paper you ae tested on your ability 10 write coherently and cohesively, When parts of text are logically connected, readers perceive the text as coherent. Cohesion devices (reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical cohesion) mark those logical connections explicitly [Dy Find words or phrases with a similar meaning pence nn pce to nap and question in paragraph 1. Find another word for wrote in paragraph 3. Mee eetia! yas hehad written By Look at paragraph 2 and find two examples Gown was of tal importance to of ellipsis. Which word has been left out in ‘is work. To his horror, however, both cases? 2 [Gl complete the last two paragraphs of the article with words to link the paragraphs, sentences and clauses, BD Work in pairs. Do you think it is better to sleep ‘ona problem orto try to solve it immediately? Can you name any scientists who have won the Nobel Prize? Why were they awarded the prize? Unit 14 Balan ide the dream, The nex right he want to bed again and read for feeriours before going to sleep Hewoke suddenly at two in the ‘morning witha vivid picture of an experimental design he knexy would est and vitimately prove his theory. ver a quarter ofa century later and on the other side oft world John Eccles was struggl tomake sense of a mass of new experimental evidence. @ Loew he went to bed one night with this problem on his mind and woke | 2 few hours later, aware that | @ hewas | sleeping, a theory that explained the evidence had come to him. Fecles knew the story of Loew's dream and the near tragic loss the experimental design that hat uimately won him the Nobel Prize, (5) he forced himself to stay awake 4) hehad chrecked every deta of the theor hehad dreamt about against te experimental data. Eccles went on to win the Nobel Prize in 196 You may nat be nthe running forthe Nobel Prize 6) ifyou've gota problem to solve try sleeping on it. Make sure, ON ckccccnns that you've got a pen and paper handy and can read yout own handwriting. tno, you might forget the solution,Key word transformations (Part 4) > EXAM FOCUS p.199 Look at the sentences and decide which of the grammatical points in the box is being tested in each one. emphasis with inversion future in the past hypothetical meaning introductory it modal verbs _verb patterns 1 regret not having written down that ‘amazing dream | had. ‘ONLY If that amazing dream | hed. 2. I'm conwinced that | was woken up by some kind of noise. must It some kind of noise that woke re. 3. | only managed to recall the contents of my dream by going back 1 sleep, ‘only It back to sleep that| managed to remember the contents of my dream, 4 The dream Ihad that night would later change the course of medical science. was The dream |had that night, course of medical science. the Bd Look at the sentences in Activity 1. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. EB Look at the sentences and the answers. There is one word missing in each answer. Add the missing word. 1 Thad only just arrived when he insisted we leave No nse had arid. weleave 2. Ican never remember people's names | hue a terrible memory... People’s names. 3 I'm phoning because my daughter i 00 ill totalktoyou tim phoning ...ondehalfiny dug. who sto illt tlk to you 4 Ifyou tell yourself you will remember your dreams, you often do. UE yon determine to remember. YOU dreams, you often do. SOONER __.he insisted TERRIBLE BEHALF DETERMINED USE OF ENGLISH FOCUS EXAM TIP ‘Make sure you do not leave out any of the missing words. Remember thet there will always be at least tree words and as many a: Six words, including the given word. Look at the sentences and the answers. The second sentence does not have a similar meaning to the first sentence, Make the necessary changes to correct each one. 1 Research has shown thet frightening experiences are forgotten more reacily than painful ones, DIFFICULT According to research, ./t. mane ficult fit frightening experiences than painful ones. 2. Sue decided that twas not a good idea to return the dress to the boutique TAKE Sue decided that she should not... take the dees te the boutique. 3. only realised that Michael and Tim were brothers when | saw them together last week STRUCK Ithed ....aheays struck: tha... Michael and Tim ‘were brothers until saw them Together last week 4 adore getting clothes for my birthday. WHEN \ adore _. propliven they gece... lathes for my birthday, Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. 1. Iregret sending him that email I him that email 2. Alison would have come tothe party unless something had happened to her Something _...10 Alison or she would have come to the party. 3. I managed to get to bed before midnight for once, Must ‘SUCCEEDED 7 10 bed before midnight. 4 resolved the problem by talking to his mother. What totalk to his mother. 5 Theres arumour that the head of department vill be retiring in the spring, BE The head of departments, inthe spring, 6 Dont ever say anything to John about the new scheme, ‘CIRCUMSTANCES Under to John about the new scheme. For once, pID Unit 14 Blane ideas a3