Solution

ACID-PRACTICAL-MCQ

Class 10 - Science
1. i. The two main observations which must be noted by her are as follows:
a. Brisk effervescence (bubbles) due to the evolution of CO2 gas.
b. Sodium acetate is formed in solution.
ii. Chemical equation for the reaction is:
NaHCO3 (aq) + CH3COOH (aq) → CH3COONa (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
2. a. The Phenolphthalein in neutral solution is colourless. When it is added to a basic solution the colour changes to pink and it
remains colourless in acidic solution.
b. The colour of blue litmus paper will remain blue as a drop of dil. NaOH is a base and base will not change the color of blue
litmus paper.
3. When zinc granules react with dil.NaOH then sodium zincate is formed with evolution of hydrogen gas.
Zn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2ZnO2(aq) +H2(g)

4. i. When Ammonium Hydroxide is added to the Ferrous Sulphate solution then a dirty green ppt. of Ferrous Hydroxide is formed
with Ammonium Sulphate by Double Displacement reaction.
2NH4OH (aq) + FeSO4 (aq) → Fe(OH)2 (ppt) + (NH4)2 SO4 (aq)
ii. When Ammonium Hydroxide is added to Aluminium Cholride then a white ppt. of Aluminium Hydroxide is formed with
Ammonium Choride by Double Displacement Reaction.
3NH4OH (aq) + AlCl3 (aq) → Al(OH)3 (ppt.) + 3NH4Cl (aq)

5. i. HCl is a mineral acid and a strong acid, so we must take care while handling the acid.
ii. The Zinc metal should be clean and a small amount must be added to avoid large production of Hydrogen gas.
6. Take two blue litmus paper strips and one by one dip in both test tubes A and B. The one which changes the colour of the litmus
paper to red it is acid and the one which shows no change in color is water.
7. a. The blue colour of the copper sulphate crystals turns to white.
b. Yes, we will notice water droplets in the boiling tube.
c. Copper sulphate crystals (CuSO4 .5H2O) have water of crystallization as the part of crystals which gets removed on heating.

8. i. No change in colour will be seen as dry HCl will not liberate H+ ions.
ii. It will turn red litmus paper to blue because moistened NH3 gas will form Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH).
iii. Curd will turn blue litmus paper into the red as it contains lactic acid.
iv. Soap solution will turn red litmus paper to blue as it is basic in nature.
9. The syrupy liquid in the test tube was conc. H2SO4. When water was added to the concentrated acid it liberated a large amount of

heat which broke the test tube and burnt the skin of student causing blisters.

10. a. Compound X is Carbon Dioxide (CO2); Compound Y is Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3); Compound Z is Calcium Hydrogen
Carbonate [Ca(HCO3)2 ]​​.
b. i. CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2(g)
ii. Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

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11. Carbon dioxide is the gas that extinguishes a burning candle. It is produced with effervescence when dilute hydrochloric acid act
either on a metal carbonate or a metal hydrogen carbonate.
Since one of the compounds formed is calcium chloride, the given metal compound 'A' is calcium carbonate. It cannot be
calcium hydrogen carbonate because calcium hydrogen carbonate is found in solution and does not exist as a solid. Thus, the
metal compound 'A' is calcium carbonate (caco3).
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid is as follows. Products
of the reaction are calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
C aC O3 (s) + 2HC l(aq) → C aC l2 (aq) + C O2 (g) + H2 O(l)

12. Solution A is basic in nature as phenolphthalein turns into pink colour from colourless solution.
When Solution B was added drop wise it made the solution colourless, it indicates Solution B is an acid.
13. a. Reaction of metal carbonate with dilute acid gives salt , water and carbondioxide thus, dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium
carbonate, gives sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
b. Carbon dioxide gas is liberated above reaction, which, turns lime water milky. If we continue passing carbon dioxide gas
ithrough the milky lime water, the solution becomes clear again. This confirms the presence of carbon dioxide gas.
14. Red litmus paper changes to blue, but blue litmus paper remain unchanged because magnesium on burning gives magnesium
oxide which is a metal oxide and forms base (magnesium hydroxide) when dissolved in water.
15. a. The curry stain contains turmeric which is a natural indicator of acids and bases.
b. When the saree was washed with soap as soap solution is basic in nature the colour of the stain changes to reddish brown. But
after when rinsed with water, soap was washed off and in the absence of soap, the color again changed to yellow.
16. Salt X is sodium bicarbonate or baking soda (NaHCO3).
Salt Y is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) which is obtained when baking soda is heated.
Gas Z is carbon dioxide (CO2) which is obtained by heating baking soda and turns lime water milky.
17. a. Solution X will turn red litmus paper to blue as it is basic in nature.
b. Solution Y will turn blue litmus paper to red as it is acidic in nature.
c. Milk of Magnesia (saturated Mg(OH)2 ) and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution are bases like solution X.

18.
(c) Tartaric acid
Explanation: Tartaric acid used in baking powder where it serves as the source of acid that reacts with baking soda. This
reaction produces carbon dioxide gas and lets products rise using active yeast cultures as a source of carbon dioxide gas.
19.
(b) water to concentrated acid
Explanation: water to concentrated acid
20.
(b) Vanilla essence
Explanation: An acid-base indicator shows a colour change from red to blue or blue to red which is not recognisable by a
visually impaired student. To detect this change, the olfactory indicator is required which gives a particular odour during this
colour change. So vanilla essence is used because of its fruity smell.
21.
(b) CaSO4⋅ H2O
1

Explanation: The chemical name of the plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate hemihydrate because half molecule of water is
attached with calcium sulphate.
The chemical formula of plaster of Paris is CaSO4. H2O.
1

Plaster of Paris is a white powder. It is used for many purposes like making toys, immobilizing the fractured bones.
22.
(d) Basic
Explanation: Calcium phosphate is present in tooth enamel and it is known as hydroxyapatite which is basic in nature. It is
present in bones also. It is the hardest known material in the whole body. It is present on the outside part of the crown area in a
tooth.

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23.
(d) Acidic
Explanation: Lower the pH, greater is the acidity. The solution with pH = 0 is highly acidic.
24.
(b) Calcium hydroxide
Explanation: Calcium hydroxide
25.
(c) Hydrochloric acid
Explanation: Red litmus is turned to blue by the addition of base or alkali like sodium hydroxide and for reversing this
reaction, turning blue litmus to red requires the addition of an acid like hydrochloric acid.
26.
(b) pale yellow powder
Explanation: It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear yellow.
27.
(b) all acids and bases form ions in solution
Explanation: Both acids and bases have the same product of hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentration i.e.10-14. This is
called the ionic product of water.
Kw = [H+] [OH-] = 10-14
28.
(c) Universal indicator
Explanation: A universal indicator is used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
29.
(c) Mg(OH)2
Explanation: Mg(OH)2

30.
(b) Lime juice
Explanation: Lime juice contains citric acid.
31.
(d) H2SO3
Explanation: Sulphurous acid is formed on dissolving SO2 in water.

32.
(c) sodium salts
Explanation: All salts having sodium ions as positive radical belong to the same family, i.e. sodium family. For example
sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate, etc.
33.
(b) pH scale
Explanation: A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -log[H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14 is a pH scale.
34.
(c) A and C
Explanation: Baking soda (NaHCO3) is produced by reacting a cold and concentrated solution of sodium chloride(NaCl) with
ammonia and carbon dioxide.
N aC l + N H3 + H2 O + C O2 → N aHC O3 + N H4 C l -(1)
Washing soda (Na2CO3.10H2O) is produced by further heating the NaHCO3 obtained in first reaction.
2N aHC O3 → N a2 C O3 + C O2 + H2 O

The anhydrous Na2CO3 thus obtained is dissolved in water to obtain washing soda.

35.
(d) chlorine gas is formed at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode.

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 Explanation: Chloride ions being negatively charged move towards the positively charged anode where they give away their
electrons to form chlorine atoms which combine to form molecules while positively charged hydrogen ions move towards
negatively charged cathode where they accept electrons from the cathode to form hydrogen atoms which combine to form
hydrogen molecules.

36.
(c) Both Chloride of lime and Bleaching powder
Explanation: It is calcium oxychloride which is commonly called bleaching powder or chloride of lime because it is prepared
by passing chlorine in slaked lime.
37.
(d) 8
Explanation: 8
38. (a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid
Explanation: Baking soda is a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) and a mild edible tartaric acid.

39.
(d) less than 7
Explanation: The pH must be less than 7, so the juices are more gastric and can easily breakdown food into simpler molecules.
Usually, the pH is 3.0.
40. (a) calcium carbonate
Explanation: Calcium hydroxide is partially soluble in water and makes water alkaline or basic on the pH scale. If CO2 is
bubbled through lime water it reacts with the calcium hydroxide to produce calcium carbonate. The chemical reaction is shown
below.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

41. (a) exothermic

Explanation: On adding concentrated acid to water, a large amount of heat energy is evolved resulting in an exothermic
reaction.
42.
(d) CaCO3 and Cl2 are formed.
Explanation: CaCO3 and Cl2 are produced when Bleaching powder is treated with CO2.
C a(OC l)2 + C O2 → C aC O3 + C l2 ↑

43.
(b) Nitric acid
Explanation: Nitric acid
44. (a) Weak acid and strong base
Explanation: Sodium carbonate is a basic salt which is formed by the combination of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid.
Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while carbonic acid is a weak acid resulting in the formation of sodium carbonate salt.
2NaOH+H2​CO3​→ Na2​CO3​+2H2​O

45.
(d) Na2CO3.10H2O
Explanation: Washing soda is sodium carbonate which in this form is also known as soda ash. It is called sodium carbonate
decahydrate. The formula is Na2CO3.10H2O.

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46. (a) Aqua regia
Explanation: Gold is a noble metal and does not react with even concentrated acids. Aqua regia is made by mixing nitric acid
and hydrochloric acid in a 1 :3 ratio. It can dissolve even gold and platinum.
47.
(d) Citric acid
Explanation: Citric acid is not a mineral acid but an organic compound and it is found in citrus fruits. It is a natural
preservative and a weak organic acid. It is mostly used as an anticoagulant and has a chelating property. All others are acidic in
nature which in their aqueous solution dissociate into their respective ions.
48.
(b) Ca(OH) 2

Explanation: Bleaching powder is prepared by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime.
C a(OH)2 + C l2 → C aOC l2 + H2 O
slaked lime bleaching powder

49.
(b) alkali
Explanation: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong alkali because it is soluble in water. Its pH is much higher than 7. So, it
turns red litmus to blue.
50.
(b) Strongly Basic
Explanation: As the pH of the solution is 13 and the pH paper has values from 0 to 14.
Greater the pH, higher is the basicity, so the solution is strongly basic.
51.
(d) H2SO4
Explanation: Sulphuric acid is used in refining of petroleum to remove sulphur and other impurities from it.
52.
(c) Universal Indicator
Explanation: Universal Indicator
53. (a) Absorb moisture from the gas
Explanation: Absorb moisture from the gas.
Calcium chloride is a good dehydrating agent. It absorbs moisture or water content from the gas making it dry. Calcium
chloride is widely used as a desiccant for drying gases and liquid hydrocarbons in many industries due to its ability to absorb
water.
54.
(d) NaHCO3
Explanation: Baking soda is called sodium hydrogen carbonate/sodium bicarbonate.
55.
(c) HCl
Explanation: Egg shells contains calcium carbonate. On reaction with HCl they liberate CO2 gas which turns lime water to
milky according to the following equation:
CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

56. (a) mild non-corrosive base

Explanation: Baking soda(sodium bicarbonate) is a mild non-corrosive base because it is a weak base and do not cause burns
or damage to living tissue and is used in the preparation of cakes. When it is heated, it decomposes to sodium carbonate carbon
dioxide and water molecules.
57.
(c) Gypsum
Explanation: On heating gypsum at a temperature of 100o C, Plaster of Paris (POP) is obtained.
2(CaSO4.2H2O) → 2CaSO4.H2O + 3H2O

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58.
(d) Wash the hand immediately with plenty of water and apply a paste of sodium hydrogencarbonate
Explanation: Washing the hand with plenty of water will minimize the presence of acid. Further, the application of sodium
hydrogen carbonate will neutralize any remaining acid.
59.
(c) Combining with water
Explanation: When water is added to the Plaster of Paris, it sets into a hard mass due to its hydration to form crystals of
gypsum.
1 1
CaSO4. 4
H2O + 1 H2O → CaSO4.2H2O
2

60.
(c) Baking soda
Explanation: Other salts in the options usually appear as crystalline salts, but baking soda appears as a white powder.
Crystalline salts contain water of crystallization.
61.
(d) Ant's sting
Explanation: Ant's sting
62.
(c) basic
Explanation: Toothpaste are generally basic because their function is to react with the excess acid in our mouth and thus
prevent tooth decay.
63.
(b) C2H5 OH
Explanation: C2H5 OH is not a base it is an alcohol.

64.
(d) basic salt
Explanation: Washing soda is a is basic salt because washing soda is an alkali salt. Alkali salts or basic salt are salts that are
the product of the neutralization of a strong base and a weak acid. As it is strongly basic it is so-called basic salt.
65.
(d) less than 5.6
Explanation: "Normal" rainfall is slightly acidic because of the presence of dissolved carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is the same
as that found in soda pop. The pH of "normal" rain has traditionally been given a value of 5.6. When rain is contaminated with
sulphuric and nitric acids the pH falls below 5.6 this is what we refer to as acid rain.
66.
(d) Calcium hydroxide
Explanation: Calcium hydroxide
67.
(c) natural indicator
Explanation: An indicator prepared from natural substances is known as a natural indicator. Examples are Litmus, Turmeric,
China rose petals, Snowball plant, Red Cabbage, and Grape Juice. Litmus is a purple dye obtained from a plant lichen.
68.
(c) HCl
Explanation: HCl
69.
(c) Lime
Explanation: In the given options, marble, limestone, and baking soda are all either metal carbonates or bicarbonates. All these
when react with a dilute acid then they produce carbon dioxide.
Whereas lime which is calcium oxide when react with a dilute acid then they do not produce carbon dioxide.
For example,C aO + dil. 2HC l → C aC l + H O2 2

Thus, lime when reacts with an acid then it produces salt and water but it does not produce carbon dioxide.

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70. (a) Antacid
Explanation: Antacids are mild bases which are given to a person suffering from acidity as acids reacts with bases to form salt
and water. The excess acid present in the stomach is neutralised by the bases present in antacids and relieve indigestion.
71.
(c) 10
Explanation: If a red litmus paper turn blue, it means the solution is basic which indicates that it has a higher pH.
72.
(d) Basic
Explanation: Tooth decay occurs when the pH falls to 5.5 since toothpaste is alkaline or basic in nature so it helps to neutralize
the excess acid in mouth.

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