Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 – Solving of Equations
Subjective Questions
1. Solve the following equations.
1 1 1
(i) (ii) a(x2 + 4) = x (a2 + 4)
3 2x 5 2x 2
x p x q q p 1 1 1 1
(iii) (iv)
q p xp xq pqx p q x
2. Solve the following equations.
(i) x2 – (7 – i)x + (18 – i) = 0 (ii) x 2 (3 2 2i) x 6 2i 0
1 1 1 1
(iii) (iv) 20 20 20 .....
x a x b a b
1
(v) 8 8 8 ... (vi) 2
1
2
1
2
2 ...
3. Solve the following equations.
2
2 ax 2
(i) (x2 – 3x)2 + 3(x2 – 3x) + 2 = 0 (ii) x 3a
x a
2 2
(iii) 2x + 1 + 4x = 8 (iv) (5 2 6 ) x 3
(5 2 6 ) x 3
10
(v) (x – 1) (x + 1) (2x + 3) (2x – 1) = 3 (vi) (x2 + x – 6) (x2 – 3x – 4) = 24
(vii) 4x4 – 4x3 – 7x2 – 4x + 4 = 0
4. Determine whether each of the following mathematical satement is an equation or an identity.
(i) x2 – 4 = (x + 2) (x – 2) (ii) (x – 1) (2x – 3) = 2x2 – 5x + 3
(iii) x ( x + 100) – 28x = x2 + 72x (iv) 3x2 + 7x – 1 = (2x + 1) (x + 2)
( x a )( x b) ( x b)( x c) ( x c)( x a )
(v) 1
(c a )(c b) (a b)(a c) ( b c)( b a )
5. Determine , and so that, the following mathematical statements are identities.
(i) x2 = x (x – 1) + x + (ii) x2 – (x – 1) (x – 2) = (x – 1) +
2x 5
(iii)
x 1 x 1 x 2 ( x 1)( x 1)( x 2)
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E = (a – c) (b – c) (a + d) (b + d) is?
(a) p2 – q2 (b) q2 – p2 (c) q2 + p2 (d) None of these
11. 2 2
If P(x) = ax + bx + c and Q(x) = –ax + dx + c, where ac 0, then P(x) . Q(x) = 0 has–
(a) four real roots (b) atleast two real roots
(c) four complex roots (d) atleast two complex roots
12. 2
For the equation 3x + px + 3 = 0, p > 0, if one of the root is the square of the other, then p is equal to–
1 2
(a) (b) 1 (c) 3 (d)
3 3
13. 2
If , ( < ) are the roots of the equation x + bx + c = 0, where c < 0 < b. Then–
(a) 0 < < (b) < 0 < < || (c) < < 0 (d) < 0 < || <
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14. Let f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a 0 and = b2 – 4ac. If + ,2 + 2 and 3 + 3 are in GP, then–
(a) 0 (b) b = 0 (c) c = 0 (d) bc 0
15. Let and be the roots of the equation x2 – px + r = 0 and , 2be the roots of the equation x2 – qx + r = 0. Then,
2
the value of r is–
2 2 2 2
(a) ( p q)( 2q p) (b) (q p)( 2p q ) (c) (q 2p)( 2q p) (d) ( 2p q )(2q p)
9 9 9 9
16. 3 3
Let p and q be real numbers such that p 0, p q and p –q. If and are non–zero complex numbers, satisfying
+ = –p and 3 + 3 = q, then a quadratic equation having and as its root is–
(a) (p3 + q)x2 – (p3 + 2q) x + (p3 + q) = 0 (b) (p3 + q)x2 – (p3 – 2q) x + (p3 + q) = 0
(c) (p3 – q)x2 – (5p3 – 2q) x + (p3 – q) = 0 (d) (p3 – q)x2 – (5p3 + 2q) x + (p3 + q) = 0
a10 2a 8
17. Let and be the roots of equation x2 – 6x – 2 = 0 with > . If an = n – n for n 1, then the value of 2a 9
is–
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None of these
18. 2 2
If the equation x + ax + b = 0 has distinct roots and x + a|x| + b = 0 has only one real root, then which one of the
following is true?
(a) b = 0 and a > 0 (b) b = 0 and a < 0 (c) b > 0 and a < 0 (d) b < 0 and a > 0
19. 2 2 2
If a, b, c d R, then the equation (x + ax + b) (–x + cx + b) (–x + dx – 2b) = 0 has–
(a) six real roots (b) atleast two real roots
(c) two real and four imaginary roots (d) four real and two imaginary roots
20. Let k be a real number such that k 0. If and are non–zero complex numbers satisfying + = –2k and 2 + 2
= 4k2 – 2k, then a quadratic equation havingand as its roots, equals–
(a) 4x2 – 4kx + k = 0 (b) x2 – 4kx + 4k = 0 (c) 4kx2 – 4x + k = 0 (d) 4kx2 – 4kx + 1 = 0
One or More than One Options Correct Type
3 2 5
21. The euqation x 4 (log 2 x ) log 2 x 4 2 has–
(a) atleast one real solution (b) exactly three solutions
(c) exactly one irrational solution (d) complex roots
22. If , are the roots of x + px + q = 0 and , are the roots of x2 – rx + s = 0, then the equation x2 – 4qx + 2q2 –
2 4 4
r = 0 has always.
(a) two real roots (b) two positive roots
(c) two negative roots (d) one positive and one negative roots
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14. If 2010x3 + 4x2 + 1 = 0f has roots , and . Then, the value of –2 + –2 + –2 is–
(a) –6 (b) –7 (c) –8 (d) –9
2
k 1 k2 a
15. If the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are and , then is equal to–
k k 1 abc
(a) k2 (b) (k + 1)2 (c) (k + 2)2 (d) k2 (k + 1)2
Statement Type
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(d) Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect
c
16. Let f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c, where b 0.
a
Statement I : The equation f(x) = 0 has three real and distinct roots.
Statement II : f(0) f (–a) < 0.
17. For a R, let f(x) = 2x2 + (2a – 3) x – (2a – 1).
Statement I : The roots of equation f(x) = 0 are rational for all rational values of a.
Statement II : The roots of equation f(x) = 0 are rational, if a is rational and not equal to –2.
Comprehension Type
Let m and n are positive integers and the quadratic equation 4x2 + mx + n = 0 has two distinct real roots p and q(p < q).
Also, the quadratic equations x2 – px + 2q = 0 and x2 – qx + 2p = 0 have a common root say .
18. The value of lies in–
(a) [0, 1) (b) [1, 2) (c) (–1, 0) (d) (–3, –1)
19. Number of possible ordered pairs (m, n) is equal to–
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2
20. If p and q are rational numbers, then uncommon root of the equation x – px + 2q = 0 is–
1 1 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
4 2 2
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(vii) (viii)
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10. If the roots of the equation bx2 + cx + a = 0 are imaginary, then for all real values of x, the expression 3b2x2 + 6bc x +
2c2 is–
(a) > 4ab (b) < 4ab (c) > –4ab (d) < –4a
11. Let f(x) be a quadratic expression which is positive for all real values of x. If g(x) = f(x) + f'(x) + f''(x), then for all real
x?
(a) g(x) < 0 (b) g(x) > 0 (c) g(x) = 0 (d) g(x) 0
12. While applying the quadratic formula to a quadratic equation f(x) = 0, where f(x) = ax2 + bx + c (a, b, c R and a 0),
b2
it happens that c . Then, the graph of y = f(x) will certainly–
4a
(a) have a maximum (b) have a minimum
(c) be a tangent to the X–axis (d) lie completely above X–axis
13. The number of integral values of for which the quadratic expression x2 + |2 – 3| x – 6 is positive for exactly two
integral values of x is equal to–
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 0
2 2 2
14. If min (2x – ax + 2) > max (b – 1 + 2x – x ). Then, roots of the equation 2x + ax + (2 – b) = 0 are–
(a) positive and distinct (b) negative and distinct (c) opposite in sign (d) imaginary
15. The number of integer values of for which the inequality x – 2(4 – 1)x + 152 > 2+ 7 is true for every x R,
2
is–
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
2 4 2
16. For a, b, c R and b 4ac, if all the roots of the equation ax + bx + c = 0 are real, then–
(a) b > 0, a < 0, c > 0 (b) b < 0, a > 0, c > 0 (c) b > 0, a > 0, c > 0 (d) b < 0, a < 0, c > 0
Comprehension Type
Passage–I
2
Consider a quadratic expression f(x) = tx – (2t – 1)x + (5t – 1).
17. If f(x) can take both positive and negative values, then t must lie in the interval–
1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) , (b) , , (c) , {0} (d) (–4, 4)
4 4 4 4 4 4
18. If f(x) is non–negative for all x 0, then t lies in the interval–
1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) ,
5 5 4 4 4 4
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Passage–II
7 7
For a, b R – {0}, f(x) = ax2 + bx + a satisfies f x f x , x R. Also, the equation f(x) = 7x + a has
4 4
only one real and distinct solution.
19. The value of (a + b) is–
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
3
20. The minimum value of f(x) in 0, is–
4
33
(a) (b) 0 (c) 4 (d) –2
8
One Integer Value Correct Type
21. If all the solutions of the inequality x2 – 6ax + 5a2 0 are also the solutions of inequality x2 – 14x + 40 0, then find the
number of possible integral values of a.
22. If 5x2 – 2kx + 1 < 0 has exactly one integral solution. Then, find the sum of all positive integral values of k.
23. Find the number of integral values of a, so that the inequation x2 – 2(a + 1)x + 3(a – 3)(a + 1) < 0 is satisfied by atleast
one x R+.
24. Let f(x) = kx2 + x(3 – 4k) – 12 If the set of values of k for which f(x) < 0, x (–3, 3) and f(–4) > 0 is (p, q), then
find the value of 4p + 3q.
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Comprehension Type
Passage–I
x 2 3x 4
Consider a rational function, f ( x ) and a quadratic function g(x) = x2 – (b + 1)x + (b – 1) where, b is a
x 2 3x 4
parameter.
10. The sum of integers in the range of f(x) is–
(a) –5 (b) –6 (c) –9 (d) –10
11. If both the roots of the equation g(x) = 0 are greater than –1, then b lies in the interval–
1 1
(a) (–, –2) (b) , (c) , (d) (–2, )
2 4
12. The largest value of b satisfying g(x) > –2 x R, is–
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Passage–II
3x a 3
Consider a function f ( x ) 2 , which has a greatest value equal to .
x 3 2
13. The value of the constant number a is–
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
14. The minimum value of f(x) is–
1 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) –1
2 2
15. If the equation f(x) = b has two distinct real roots, then the number of integral value of b is–
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
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6 – Location of Roots
Subjective Questions
1. Find the values of the parameter a for which the roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 2(a – 1)x + (a + 5) = 0 are–
(i) real and distinct (ii) equal
(iii) opposite in sign (iv) equal in magnitude but opposite in sign
(v) positive (vi) negative
(vii) greater than 3 (viii) smaller than 3
(ix) such that both the roots lie in the interval (1, 3)
Only One Option Correct Type
2. If both the roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 2kx + (k2 + k – 5) = 0 are less than 5, then k lies in the interval.
(a) (4, 5) (b) (–, 4) (c) (6, ) (d) (5, 6)
3. 2 2
All the values of m for which both the roots of x – 2mx + m – 1 = 0 are greater than –2 but less than 4, lies in the
interval–
(a) m > 3 (b) –1 < m < 3 (c) 1 < m < 4 (d) –2 < m < 0
4. 2 2
If the roots of the equation x – 2ax + a + a – 3 = 0 are real and less than 3, then–
(a) a < 2 (b) 2 a 3 (c) 3 < a 4 (d) a > 4
2 11
5. If exactly one root of the quadratic equation x k x – (k2 + k + 1) lies in (0, 3), then which one of the following
3
relation is correct?
(a) –3 < k < –1 (b) –8 < k < –4 (c) 1 < k < 4 (d) None of these
6. 2
Number of integral values of k for which exactly one root of the equation 5x + (k + 1) x + k = 0 lies in the interval
(1, 3), is–
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
Statement Type
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(d) Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect
7. Statement–I : Number of integral values of m for which exactly one root of the equation x2 – 2mx + m2 – 1 = 0 lies
in the interval (–2, 4) equals 2.
Statement–II : Let f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, c R and a 0. If f(e) < 0, then the equation f(x) = 0 has exactly
one root in (d, e).
8. Statement–I : If 0 < < /4, then the equation (x – sin ) (x – cos ) –2 = 0 has both roots in the interval (sin , cos ).
Statement–II : Let f(x) = px2 + qx + r, where p, q, r R and p 0, be such that f(a) . f(b) < 0, then exists exactly one
solution of the equation f(x) = 0 in the interval (a, b).
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Comprehension Type
Consider two quadratic trinomials f(x) = x2 – 2ax + (a2 – 1) and g(x) = (4b – b2 – 5) x2 – (2b – 1)x + 3b where a, b
R.
9. The values of a for which both roots of the equation f(x) = 0 are greater than –2 but less than 4, lie in the interval.
(a) –1 < a < 3 (b) 5 < a < (c) –2 < a < 0 (d) None of the above
10. If roots of the quadratic equation g(x) = 0 lie on either side of unity, then number of integral values of b is–
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
11. If f(x) < 0, x [0, 1], then a lie in the interval–
(a) –1 < a < 1 (b) 0 < a < 1 (c) 0 < a < 2 (d) a > 3
Matching List Type
12. The expression y = ax2 + bx + c (where a, b, c R, a 0) represents a parabola, which cuts the X–axis at the points,
which are roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0.
Column–I Column–II
(i) For a = 1, c = 4, if both the roots are greater than 2, then b (P) 4
(ii) For a = –1, b = 5, if the roots lie on either side of –1, then c (Q) 8
(iii) For b = 6, c =1, if one root is less than –1 and the other root (R) 10
1
greater than , then a
2
(S) No real value
(a) i – s, ii – qr, iii – p (b) i – s, ii – qr, iii – s
(c) i – ps, ii – qs, iii – p (d) i – rs, ii – qr, iii – ps
One Integer Value Correct Type
13. The smallest value of k, for which both the roots of the equation x2 – 8kx + 16(k2 – k + 1) = 0 are real, distinct and have
values atleast 4, is .............
14. Find the number of digits in the sum of all integral values of a in [1, 100] for which the equation x2 – (a – 5) x +
15
a 0 has atleast one root greater than zero.
4
18
15.
Let x1 and x2 be the real root of the equation x2 – kx + (k2 + 7k + 15) = 0. If the maximum value of x12 x 22 is
x
,
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12. For k > 0, the set of all values of k for which kex – x = 0 has two distinct roots, is–
1 1 1
(a) 0, (b) ,1 (c) , (d) (0, 1)
e e e
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x 1
27. The equation 2 cos2 sin2 x = x2 + 2 has–
2
x
(a) no real solution (b) one real solution
(c) more than one real solution (d) None of these
28. Let a, b and c be real numbers, where a 0. If is a root of a2x2 + bx + c = 0, where is the root of a2x2 – bx – c
= 0 and 0 < < Then, the equation a2x2 + 2bx + 2c = 0 has a root that always satisfies–
(a) (b) < < (c) < < (d) < <
2
29. If a, b and c are the sides of ABC, such that x2 – 2(a + b + c)x + 3(ab + bc + ca) = 0 has real roots–
4 5 4 5 1 5
(a) (b) (c) , (d) ,
3 3 3 3 3 3
Statement Type
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(d) Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect
30. Statement I : Maximum value of log1/3 (x2 – 4x + 5) is 0.
Statement II : loga x 0 for x 1 and 0 < a < 1.
31. Statement I : The nearest point from X–axis on the curve f(x) = x2 – 6x + 11 is (3, 2).
Statement II : If a > 0 and D < 0, then ax2 + bx + c > 0, x R.
32. Let and be the roots of f(x) = 3x2 – 4x + 5 = 0.
Statement I : The equation whose roots are 2 and 2 is given by 3x2 + 8x – 20 = 0.
Statement II : To obtain, from the equation f(x) = 0 having rotos and , the equation having roots 2 and 2one
needs to change x to x/2 in f(x) = 0.
Comprehension Type
In the given figure, OBC is a right angled isosceles triangle in which AC is a median. Then, answer the following
questions.
1 5
x2
2. Let x and y be the positive real numbers such that logx y , then value of the expression log x ( xy ) log
y
,
4 y
is–
31 33 35
(a) (b) (c) (d) 8
4 4 4
3. If the equation |x2 + 4x + 3| + 2m – mx = 0 has exactly three solutions, then the value of (m + 8) can be–
(a) 15 (b) 15 (c) 40 (d) 60
4. If (x2 2
– 5x + 4) (y + y + 1) < 2y for all real y, then x belongs to the interval (2, b), then b can be–
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
ac
5. If x4 + 3 cos (ax2 + bx = c) = 2(x2 – 2) has two solution with a, b, c (2, 5), then the maximum value of is–
b2
16
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d)
3
12 13
2 4x
6. Let p( x ) x
3
log10 ( 4, 9 ) , A
i 1
p(a i ) where a1, a2, ......, a12 are positive reals and B p(b ) , where b1,
i 1
i
b2, .........., b13 are non–positive reals, then which one of the following is always correct?
(a) A > 0 and B > 0 (b) A > 0 and B < 0 (c) A < 0 and B > 0 (d) A < 0 and B < 0
7. x –2
If the equation 2 + 2 = 2k has exactly one real solution, then sum of all integral values of k in [–100, 100] is equal to–
(a) 5050 (b) 10100 (c) 0 (d) –5050
1 3 11
8. Let x be real number which satisfy log 3 x 1 sin , where [0, 2], then x x is equal to–
2 2 2
(a) 7 (b) 2x – 7 (c) 7 – 2x (d) 4
9. 2 2
Let A = {x | x + (m – 1) x – 2(m + 1) = 0, x R} and B = {x | x (m – 1) + mx + 1 = 0, x R}. Number of values of
m such that A B has exactly 3 distinct elements is–
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
10. 2
The inequalities y(–1) –4, y(1) 0 and y(3) 5 are known to hold for y =ax + bx + c, then the least value of a is–
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 3 4 8
11. 2 2 2
The number of integral solutions of equation y (5x + 1) = 25 (2x + 13) where x, y I, are–
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) infinite
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12. If the equation x2 + 2 | a | x + 4 = 0 has integral roots, then the minimum value of a is–
5
(a) (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) 1
2
13. If a, b are positive real number such that a – b = 2, then the smallest value of the constant L for which
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17. The root of equation x5 – 40x4 + x3 + x3 + x + = 0 are real and in GP. If the sum of their reciprocals is 10, then
can be–
1 1
(a) –32 (b) (c) 32 (d)
32 32
2 2 2
18. Let f(x) = (x = 2x + 3) + 2(x + 2x + 3) + 3, then which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) The equation f(x) = 0 has no real roots
(b) The equation f(x) = 0 has two real and two imaginary roots
(c) The minimum value of f(x) is 11
(d) The minimum value of f(x) is 12
Comprehension Type
Passage–I
Let p(x) = x – 9x + px – 27x + qx + r (where p, q, r R) be divisible by x2 and , , are the positive roots of the
5 4 3 2
p( x )
equation, 0.
x2
19. The value of (p + q + r) is–
(a) 9 (b) 27 (c) 81 (d) 108
20. If ( – 1), ( + 3) and ( + 7) are the first three terms of a sequence whose sum of first n terms is given by Sn, then
1
n 2 Sn .Sn 1 is equal to–
1 1
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 2
4 2
1 1 1
21. The value of nlim 2 2 2
.... n is–
p q r
p q r p qn rn
1 1 25 26
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 27 26 27
Passage–II
2 2
f(x) = – x sin – 2 cos . x + 1, where n, n I
22. Nature of roots of f(x)–
(a) both roots are positive (b) both roots are negative
(c) both are of opposite sign (d) both are imaginary
23. Real number 1 lie between the roots of f(x), then should lie between the interval–
(a) , (b) , (c) [–, ] (d) None of these
2 2 2
24. Locus of vertex of f(x) is–
x2 1 x2 1 y2 1
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) None of these
y2 y y2 y x2 y
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EDWIN CAREER INSTITUTE Quadratic Equations
One Integer Value Correct Type
25. If x2 – | a – 1 | x + 1 = | x | has exactly three real roots, then sum of the value of a is?
26. If x5 – x3 + x = a, then x6 2a – k, when value of k is equal to?
27. Find the sum of all real values of k for which the equation | x 2 (7 k 2 ) x 7 k 2 | ( x 3)( x 3k 2) 0 has atleast
one real solution.
28. If the system of equation 3x2 + 2x – 1 < 0 and (3a – 2) x – a2x + 2 < 0 posseses solution, find the least natural number
a.
29. If f(x) = x3 – 3x + 1, then find the number of distinct real roots of the equation f[f(x)] = 0.
30. Let f(x) = x4 + ax3 + bx2 + cx = d be a polynomial with real coefficients and real roots. If |f(i)| = 1, then find the value
of (a + b + c + d)
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