EDEN UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES

LINEAR AND QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS (MAT1310) TUTORIAL JULY 2023
LECTURER: MR R DOZVA

1. Solve the following linear equations:

(i) 4x + 5 = 21 (ii) 9 − 2x = 7 (iii) 3(5x − 2) = 12

x−3
2. Solve for x, −1=x
2
3. Factorize the following expressions
√
(i) f (x) = x4 − 12x + 32, (ii) g(x) = 27x6 + 26x3 − 1, (iii) m(x) = x − 7 x + 10

4. By using a factorization process, solve for the given variable

(i) x2 + 10x + 25 = 0, (ii) x2 − 10x + 24 = 0, (iii) (2a − 1)(a − 1) = 1.

5. By completing the square, solve for the given variable

(i) x2 + 12x = 5, (ii) 4x2 + x = 2, (iii) 2y 2 = 9y − 1
(iv) x2 − 2x = 4, (v) x2 + 4 = 6x, (vi) 3a2 − a = 7

6. Use the quadratic formula to solve for the given equations leaving your answer in exact
form
(i) 5x2 − 12x + 1 = 0, (ii) 7x2 − 12x + 1 = 0, (iii) 4x2 = 8x + 9
(iv) 4x2 − 8x = 9, (v) x2 + 2x − 8 = 0, (vi) x(x + 7) = 4

7. Examine the nature of roots in each of the following quadratic equations and verify by
formula √ √ √
(i) x2 + 9x + 10 = 0, (ii) 9y 2 − 6 2y + 2 = 0, (iii) 2t2 − 3t + 3 2 = 0.

8. Prove that the quadratic equation x2 + px − 1 = 0 has real and distinct roots for all real
values of p.

9. Prove that the roots of the equation

(a2 + b2 )x2 + 2(ac + bd)x + (c2 + d2 ) = 0

are imaginary. But if ad = bc, roots are real and equal.

1
10. If α and β are the roots of the equation 3x2 − 5x + 9 = 0, find the value of
1 1
(i) α2 + β 2 , (ii) 2 + 2 , (iii)α3 + β 3
α β

11. If α and β are the roots of the quadratic equation 3y 2 + 4y + 1 = 0, form a quadratic
equation whose roots are α2 and β 2 .

12. If one root of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ̸= 0 be the square of the other, prove that

b3 + ac2 + a2 c = 3abc

13. Find the condition that the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are in the ratio m : n

14. If α and β are the roots of the quadratic equation 5x2 − 6x + 3 = 0, form a quadratic
equation whose roots are
(i) α2 and β 2 , (ii) α3 β and αβ 3

SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS INVOLVING LINEAR-QUADRATIC

EQUATIONS

To solve a linear-quadratic system of equations, it is often the case that the method of
substitution is most appropriate. The process is as follows:
STEP 1 : Arrange the equations so that they are both in the form y = · · ·
STEP 2: Label the two equations

y = ax2 + bx + c (1)

y = mx + k (2)
STEP 3: Equate (1) and (2): ax2
+ bx + c = mx + k
STEP 4: Transpose to obtain a new quadratic equation:

ax2 + (b − m)x + (c − k) = 0.

STEP 5: Solve for x and then find y by substituting into (1) or (2)
Example Solve the simultaneous system of equations

y = x2 + 3x − 6
y = 2x − 4 (i)

We label the equations as follows;

y = x2 + 3x − 6 (1)

y = 2x − 4 (2)
Equating (1) and (2) gives
2x − 4 = x2 + 3x − 6
Solving, we have
0 = x2 + x − 2

2
 ⇔ = (x + 2)(x − 1)
⇔ x = −2, 1
Substituting x = −2 into (2), y = 2(−2) − 4 = −8 and when x = 1, y = 2(1) − 4 = −2.
The solution can be expressed as two coordinate pairs (−2, −8) and (1, −2)

15. Solve the following sets of equations

(i) (ii)

1. y = −2x2 + 4x + 9 1. 3x − 2y = 3
2. x + 2y = 7 2. y = x2 + x − 5

(iii) (iv)

1. x − 2y = 5 1. y = 2x
2
2. y = x + 4x − 7 2. y = x2 + x − 3

QUADRATIC-QUADRATIC SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

To solve a quadratic-quadratic system of equations we use the same method of substitution

that was used for the linear-quadratic set up
Example Solve the simultaneous system of equations

y = 2x2 + 3x + 1
y = 2x − x2 + 3 (ii)

Set up the equations as follows;

y = 2x2 + 3x + 1 (1)

y = 2x − x2 + 3 (2)
Equating (1) and (2) gives

2x2 + 3x + 1 = 2x − x2 + 3

⇔ 3x2 + x − 2 = 0
⇔ (3x − 2)(x + 1) = 0
2
∴x= or x = −1
3
2 2 4 35
Using (2), when x = , y = 2( ) − + 3 = and when x = −1, y = −2 − 1 + 3 = 0.
3 3 9 9  2 35 
The solution can be expressed as two coordinate pairs , and (−1, 0)
3 9

3
16. Solve the following sets of equations
(i) (ii)

1. y = x2 + 4x + 3 1. y = 5x2 + x + 4
2. y = 4x − x2 2. y = x2 + 5x + 3

(iii) (iv)

y = 2x2 + x + 2 y = 4x2 + 3ax − 2a2

y = 3x2 − 2x + 2 y = 2x2 + 2ax − a2 , where a is a real number