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FACULTY OF MATEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES

CSP600 (PROJECT FORMULATION)

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)

PREDICTION SYSTEM USING SUPPORT
VECTOR MACHINE WITH PARTICLE SWARM
OPTIMIZATION (SVM-PSO)

ASSIGNMENT 1
T5CS2305C

PREPARED BY:

NAME ID
1. LUKMAN HAKIM BIN SHAUFEE 2020850224

PREPARE FOR:

MADAM UMMU FATIHAH BINTI MOHD BAHRIN

1.0 Background of Study

Data mining is the exploration and study of large amounts of data in order to find
relevant information. Utilizing data mining techniques can help with diagnosis,
treatment, and understanding the course of the disease with more personalized and
efficient care (Thomas & Kavitha, 2020). This kind of prediction system can
benefit the work of the analytics team and assist user in making better decisions
(Technopedia, 2022). By using data, analysis, statistics, and machine learning
methods, this procedure builds a predictive model for predicting future events
(MathWork, 2022). So basically, Support Vector Machine with Particle Swarm
Optimization is the approach or technique proposed to be use for the prediction
system. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a technique with fundamental linearly
separable data classification assumptions and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
is used to in order to enhance the functionality of SVM (Rega Nugraha et al., 2019).

In Oxford Dictionaries (2022), Gynaecology is defined as a “scientific study and

treatment of the medical conditions and diseases of women, especially those
connected with sexual reproduction”. There’s multiple type of disease that related
with gynaecology’s health department and one of the most vital health disease for
sexual reproduction is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). The disorder known
as PCOS occurs when the ovaries produce an excessive quantity of androgens
hormones, which are male hormones that are present in women but in such modest
amounts that they lead to the development of multiple tiny cysts (fluid-filled sacs)
in the ovaries (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2019). This condition, which affects a lot
of women in their childbearing years and causes sterility and a variety of disorders
in women, which the most widespread endocrine disorder (Chauhan et al., 2021).

The title for this project is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) prediction using
Support Vector Machine with Particle Swarm Optimization (SVM-PSO) which
develop to assist user and specialist doctor of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OB-
GYN) in recognizing and predicting the ovarian cyst. The prediction system in this
medical domain can be of the greatest assistance in making it easier for patients
and users to identify the ailments they are dealing with based on their symptoms
and helps to reduce the complexity of detecting the disease.
2.0 Problem Statement

As is commonly known, majority of women find it difficult on understanding

regarding the PCOS disease especially on the signs and symptoms they had.
Because of the unaware of these signs and symptoms, the risk of developing the
condition increases. Besides that, due to the heterogeneity of the symptoms and
the existence of a variety of related gynaecological problems, PCOS is very
challenging to diagnose. Patients with PCOS now have to deal with the time and
expense of multiple clinical testing and ovary scans (Denny et al., 2019). The risk
of developing the same metabolic abnormalities as PCOS – affected people’s
family members is significantly increased. It is astonishing that up to 18% of
women of reproductive age are affected by PCOS disease and it is a disorder that
is typically caused by the hormone (Aggarwal & Pandey, 2020).

Although it takes effort to pinpoint the issue, certain women are susceptible to this
gynaecological condition. Even that so, they have to schedule an appointment with
a doctor, visit the hospital, wait in the line which took some time to wait for the
check-up. Furthermore, some women who desire for having child do not pay
attention to this sickness, which raises their risk if they have it. When it may
impede their ability to getting pregnant. Regarding the community’s objectives in
this particular domain, the awareness, the consistent provider knowledge, and
understanding of diagnostic criteria must present in the community of female in
order to prevent the disease with good handling (Selma et al., 2019).

PCOS is diagnosed by ruling out unrelated symptoms or test results, primarily due
to ignorance of its intricate patho-mechanisme. Due to it wide range of symptoms
associated with this disease, doctors are compelled to request numerous clinical
test findings treatments. As for that, this research shows an approach for the early
identification and prediction of PCOS using ideal and basic but effective clinical
and metabolic criteria that serve as an early marker for this condition (Denny et
al., 2019). In order to prevent the spread-ness of this ovarian cyst disease
condition, the user/patients can take preventative and early action by using the
approach technique.
 The hybrid algorithm between Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with Support
Vector Machine (SVM) able to outperform single method of SVM and overcome
SVM disadvantage. The optimize SVM using PSO achieve higher accuracy rate
than single method SVM (Hitam et al., 2019). Most of developer and researcher
for other domain such as Cryptocurrency and Neurology domain use PSO to
optimize SVM. Thus, to prove the enhancement of SVM-PSO for Gynaecology
domain in which to predict the disease with much higher accuracy.

This prediction system is therefore proposed to address issues including delayed

diagnosis and treatment, lengthy treatment durations, and complex diagnostic
processes. This prediction system may aid PCOS patients in halting the growth of
their ovarian cysts before it worsens. Additionally, it might reduce the period of
diagnosing for the signs and symptoms of this particular disease. Furthermore, it
can spare patients time from routine hospital check-ups. By using this proposed
solution, it will ease both users and the organization of Gynaecology.

3.0 Research Objective

The objective of this research are:

1. To study the requirement of Support Vector Machine with Particle Swarm

Optimization (SVM-PSO) in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
prediction system.
2. To develop a predication system for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
using Support Vector Machine with Particle Swarm Optimization (SVM-
PSO).
3. To evaluate the performance of Support Vector Machine with Particle
Swarm Optimization (SVM-PSO) in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
(PCOS) prediction system.
4.0 References

1. Chauhan, P., Patil, P., Rane, N., Raundale, P., & Kanakia, H. (2021).
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of
PCOS. 2021 International Conference on Communication Information and
Computing Technology (ICCICT).
2. Soni, P., and Vashisht, S. (2019). Exploration on Polycystic Ovarian
Syndrome and Data Mining Techniques. International Conference on
Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES),(978-1-5386-4765-4765-3)
3. Denny, A., Ram, M., Raj, A., Ashok, A., & George, R. (2019). I-HOPE:
Detection and Prediction System for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Using Machine Learning Techniques. 2019 IEEE Region10 Conference
(TENCON 2019). (978-1-7281-1895-6/19)
4. Technopedia. (2022). Predictive Data Mining. Retrieved September 9, 2022,
from https://www.techopedia.com/definition/30597/predictive-data-mining
5. MathWorks. (2022). What Is Predictive Analytics? – 3 Things You Need to
Know. Retrieved September 9, 2022, from
https://www.mathworks.com/discovery/predictive-analytics.html
6. Thomas, N., and Kavitha, A. (2022). Prediction of Polycystic Ovarian
Syndrome with Clinical Dataset Using a Novel Hybrid Data Mining
Classification Technique. International Journal of Advanced Research in
Engineering and Technology (IJARET), 11(11), 1872-1881.
7. Rega Nugraha, Y., Wibawa, A., Ari, I., & Zaeni, E. (2019). Particle Swarm
Optimization – Support Vector Machine (PSO-SVM) Algorithm for Journal
Rank Classification. 2nd International Conference of Computer and
Informatiocs Engineering (IC2IE) (978-1-7281-2384-4).
8. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2019). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
Retrieved September 9, 2022, from
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/polycystic-
ovary-syndrome-pcos
9. Aggrarwal, S., & Pandey, K. (2020). An analysis of PCOS disease prediction
model using machine learning classification algorithms. Recent Patents on
Engineering, 15. Retrieved September 10, 2022, from
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/eng/2021/00000015/00000006/
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