ETIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS PRESENT JUSTIFICATION

Age / Older adults have an
increased risk of gastritis
because the stomach lining
tends to thin with age and
because older adults are
more likely to have H. pylori
infection or autoimmune
disorders than younger
people are (Mayo Clinic,
2023).
Gender / Estimated rates of
autoimmune gastritis range
from 2% to 5%; older adults
and women are more likely to
have it. (Azer et. al, 2023)
Race/Ethnicity In United States, H.
pylori infection associated
gastritis is more common in
African Americans (54%),
Hispanics (52%), and the
elderly compared to Whites
(21%). (Aje, et al., 2020)
Chronic health condition
Prior gastric surgeries

PRECIPITATING FACTORS PRESENT JUSTIFICATION

Diabetes Mellitus / Diabetic patients are more
prone and at risk to
acquire H. Pylori infection.
Therefore, proper monitoring
of blood glucose level and
screening for H.
pylori infection are effective
preventive measures for this
life-threatening infection.
(Devrajani, 2010)
Smoking / Smoking and Helicobacter
pylori are both deleterious to
the gastric and duodenal
mucosa. Smoking also
seems to modify
inflammation in H. pylori
infection. (Farkkila, 2008)
Alcoholic / Alcohol can irritate and erode
your stomach lining, which
makes your stomach more
vulnerable to digestive juices.

Frequent use of medications /
that can affects the stomach
lining
Stress / Severe stress due to major
Chemotherapy or Radiation
Bacterial Infection
Chemical or toxin exposure
Excessive alcohol use is
more likely to cause acute
gastritis. (Mayo Clinic)
Pain relievers commonly
referred to as nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDS) — such as
ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB,
others) and naproxen sodium
(Aleve, Anaprox DS) — can
cause both acute gastritis
and chronic gastritis. Using
these pain relievers regularly
or taking too much of these
drugs may reduce a key
substance that helps
preserve the protective lining
of your stomach. (Mayo
Clinic)
surgery, injury, burns or
severe infections can cause
acute gastritis. (Mayo Clinic)
However, post-radiotherapy
gastritis is possible, and
several cases of bleeding
have been reported. We
present a case of gastritis
after radiotherapy treatment
and analyze all possible
causes in detail. (Barata,
2015)
Although infection with
Helicobacter pylori is among
the most common worldwide
human infections, only some
people with the infection
develop gastritis or other
upper gastrointestinal
disorders. Doctors believe
vulnerability to the bacterium
could be inherited or could be
caused by lifestyle choices,
such as smoking and diet.
(MUSC Health)