AL– Nahrain University

College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering

Determining the contact factor and steam

By : Fatima falah

Supervisor :

Suha Kareem

Date : 2023/11/21

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 Determining the contact factor and steam

Aim:
1- The contact factor is determined in a stationary experiment with
moist air and cooling.
2- Determination of the steam enthalpy from the enthalpy values for
the air before and after the introduction of steam.

Introduction:
The contact factor is a parameter that is used to determine the heat
transfer rate between a gas and a liquid. It is defined as the ratio of
the actual heat transfer rate to the maximum possible heat transfer
rate. The contact factor depends on a number of factors, including the
properties of the gas and liquid, the flow conditions, and the geometry
.of the system

The enthalpy of steam is a measure of the energy stored in steam. It is

defined as the sum of the internal energy of the steam and the product
of the pressure and volume of the steam. The enthalpy of steam
.increases with temperature and pressure

The contact factor is determined in a stationary experiment with moist

air and cooling, If no moist air is available, the ET 600 can be used
with appropriate physical conditions to generate the required
humidity, With the cooler below the dew point temperature , the water
( moisture ) is then separated back out of the moist air, Vapor enters
the air conditioner after the air preheater and after the cooler, At the
end the vapor inlet in the air conditioning duct is the return for the
condensate drain, which runs downwards, The vapor humidifier uses
the electrical conductivity normally present the tap water to generate

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vapor, This is done using three directly in the tap water in the vapor
cylinder, The electrodes are operated with an AC voltage, The vapor
generated has a temperature of around 100 ° C and a slight positive
pressure, It is free of minerals and almost completely germs, The hard
components are mainly left behind in the cylinder.

The contact factor: is a measure of the efficiency of the cooling and

can be determined in three different ways.

“ Gunt ET 600 “

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Reading (1) :

T(c) RH % H ( kj/kg) X( g/kg)

1 20.6 70.9 48.1
2 13.2 97.7

B = t 2 – t3 / t 2 – tc
Tc = 12.45 ( from chart)
B = 20.6 – 13.2 / 20.6 – 12.4 = 0.913580
B = h2 – h3 / h 2 – hc
hc = 35.6 ( from chart)
B = 48.1 – 36.7 / 48.1 – 35.6 = 0.912
B = x2 – x3 / x2 – xc
Xc = 9.158 ( from chart)
B = 10.8 – 9.3 / 10.8 – 9.158 = 0.91352

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Reading (2) :
T(c) RH % H ( kj/kg) X( g/kg)
1 21.3 39 37.1 6.2
2 22.1 81 56.7 13.6

Hw = h4 – h1 / w4 – w1
= 56.7 – 37.1 / 13.6 – 6.2
= 2.649

From chart = 2679 ( kg/kg)

= 2.679 ( g/kg)