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1) React PMDA with H2O to form diacid endgroup and reactive terminal

NMP, DMAc
anhydride . PMDA is difunctional, therefore appropriate amount of H2O is used N2, 1 hr, 50 oC
to only react half available anhydride groups +

0.5 equiv 0.5 equiv 0.5 equiv


Diacid reactive endcap

2) React endcap with diamine 4, 4’-


oxydianiline to form another reactive + +
endcap containing terminal amine NMP, DMAc
N2, 30 min, 25-
50 oC

0.5 equiv 1.0 equiv 0.95 equiv 0.5 equiv


ODA in excess Amine-terminated diacid endcap

Reactive
endcap
NMP, DMAc 0.05
N2, 3hrs, 40-60 oC

3) React terminal amine of endcap with BPDA. + +


Excess ODA and increasing additions of BPDA
will further extend the polymer chain. ODA in excess
0.95 equiv 0.95 equiv

0.5 equiv 0.95

In addition to what is shown in this drawing:


1. We can still form a PI copolymer with a high molecular weight without using water as an end capping
agent. We are currently evaluating that copolymer.
2. There are other end capping agents besides water that can be used.

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